Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CAUSTICS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Chemical injury to the tongue following contact with sodium hydroxide drain cleaner.

Solid sodium hydroxide compounds are used to unclog drains. In Turkey, these agents are easily available and commonly used by housewives. They are sold in weak bags and usually stored within these bags. We present the case of an elderly woman with dementia who developed severe alkaline tongue burn and edema after unintentional short contact with solid sodium hydroxide drain cleaner. Official legislation for safety packing in Turkey will lead to reduction in the incidence of accidental caustic injuries.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Ingestion of corrosive substances by adults.

Compared with the ingestion of corrosive substances in children, this problem tends to be more serious, in adults, because its intent is often suicidal, rather than accidental. The severity and extent of damage produced to the gastrointestinal tract depends on the morphological form of the caustic agent. In the acute stage, perforation and necrosis may occur. Long-term complications include esophageal stricture, antral stenosis, and the development of esophageal carcinoma. X-rays of the abdomen and chest should be done initially to detect any evidence of perforation. Endoscopy should be performed as soon as possible in all cases to evaluate the extent and severity of damage, unless there is evidence of perforation. A complete examination is feasible in most cases. Stricture formation is more common in patients with second- and third-degree burns. Measures to prevent stricture formation, including the use of steroids, have not been successful. Esophageal carcinoma usually occurs 40 yr after the time of injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Massive hemoptysis ten days after bronchial extraction of an accidentally inhaled tablet of ferrous sulfate].

Fatale haemoptysis occurred as a result of circumferential caustic erosion to the right intermediate bronchus caused by a tablet of ferrous sulphate which remained in contact for 4 days. The necrotic process continued, after removal of the foreign body, in the bronchial wall and its vessels. We suggest local bronchial lavage with 1% bicarbonate saline during extraction of the tablet and subsequent follow-up fibroscopies. The discovery of a necrotic ulceration of the bronchus requires strict medico-surgical surveillance in order to rapidly intervene under cover of selective intubation when necessary.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1991

Pill-induced esophageal injury.

Delay in esophageal transit of caustic medicinal pills may precipitate esophageal ulceration. The injury is usually mild, producing only self-limited pain. More serious injury may result in esophageal hemorrhage, perforation, or stricture. Injury is more likely if pills are taken without water or while lying down. Patients with esophageal compression from left atrial enlargement are at increased risk, especially if they have had cardiac surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Ingestion of undesirable substances by children].

A retrospective study extending over five years was made of the consequences of ingestion of undesirable substances by children. Despite the publicity on this subject it remains a serious medical problem. An annual average of 90 children were seen in the emergency department. Complications are caused mostly by oil products but also by drugs and household products. On average 55% of the children were hospitalized. With regard to the indication for endoscopical examination of the oesophagus and stomach after ingestion of caustic substances, insufficient arguments for performance of this examination in all children were found in the literature. We advocate a prospective study of this question. With regard to the indication for hospitalization of children after ingestion of tobacco, we are of the opinion that many children may be kept under observation in their homes after being watched for one hour.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1988

Sucralfate therapy for lye-induced esophagitis.

Sucralfate is a recently introduced drug that has received acceptance as a nonsystemic, locally active antiulcer agent used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer disease. In addition, sucralfate has been used for the treatment of gastric ulcer and a variety of other gastrointestinal diseases. However, the use of sucralfate to treat caustic esophagitis has not been clinically investigated, and a review of the literature yielded scant information (1). Herein, we report our experience with sucralfate in the treatment of a case of lye-induced esophagitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Total duodenal diversion in reflux esophagitis after colic esophagoplasty].

Five patients with severe reflux esophagitis were treated by retrosternal colic esophagoplasty for esophageal stenosis of caustic origin. In 4 cases there was anisoperistaltism and in one case isopersitaltism. Treatment was by antral cologastric anastomosis in all cases, with a undojejunostomy in 3 patients and a colojejunostomy on loop in Y in the 2 others. Mortality was absent and long-term results were very good. Colojejunostomy on loop in Y is a simpler procedure not requiring gastric resection and long-term results were similar. An even less complicated variant of the latter operation that does not require colic section is also described. Prophylaxis of reflux esophagitis after colic esophagoplasty is discussed, the Roux type deviation being proposed for the treatment of cologastric ulcer after esophagoplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Corrosive injury to oro-pharynx and esophagus. Eighty-five consecutive cases.

In 85 consecutive cases of ingestion of caustic material, 70 patients had oral burns, 29 incurred esophageal burns, and in three esophageal stricture developed, requiring repeated dilatation. Management involves early endoscopy to determine the extent of mucosal injury, antibiotics to reduce local or mediastinal infection, and steroids to prevent the chance for esophageal stricture.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Accidental ingestion of corrosives by children (author's transl)].

Data of the Poison Information Center in Vienna and analysis of the literature indicate: 1) Accidental ingestion of corrosives by children occurs frequently, but rarely causes dangerous complications or sequelae (edema of the larynx, perforation and stricture formation in the esophagus or stomach). This is in contrast to attempted suicides by adults. 2) The first and most important step after the accident is the intake of copious amounts of water. The dangers of neutralizing acid or lye are discussed. 3) Only symptoms and signs, not kind or pH of the caustic agent afford a reliable guide for deciding whether or not the child needs further observation and treatment. This paper deals with first aid measures only, not with further treatment (e.g. shock treatment, prophylaxis of stricture formation etc.).

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1980

Ingestion of lye and other corrosive agents--a study of 86 infant and child cases.

Eighty-six cases of caustic ingestion seen over a 10 year period at the Montreal Children's Hospital are presented in an analytical retrospective fashion. All the patients were hospitalized. Ingestion was more common in males than females. Sixty-two patients were less than four years of age. Thirty-five of the 86 cases had esophageal burns. Esophagoscopy was performed on all cases. There was no perforation following endoscopy. Steroids and antibiotics were used on all the cases. Six patients developed stricture formation requiring bougienage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Cement burn.

People working with cement should be aware of the potential for cement burn. The alkalinity of cement is due to the exothermic reaction of calcium oxide with water, which forms calcium hydroxide. Prolonged exposure of the skin to wet cement may result in a caustic burn.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[State of the blood circulation system in acute poisoning in young children].

The syndrome of cardiovascular involvement is one of the most frequently occurring syndromes in the toxicogenic phase of acute poisonings in children. Analysis of the results of comprehensive examination of cardiac function in 168 infants poisoned with clopheline, caustic poisons, barbiturates, and amitriptyline showed changes in the ECG and central and peripheral hemodynamics which are characteristic of each type of poisonings.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

[Colonic esophagoplasty for benign lesions].

68 patients underwent oesophageal replacement for benign disease: atresia (12), reflux oesophagitis (16), caustic stenosis (37), internal fistula (3). The transplant was the ileocolon (27), the transverse (5) or left colon (36). It was substernal (55) or posterior mediastinal (13). A by-pass was performed without oesophagectomy (51) or an interposition accompanied oesophagectomy (17). The superior anastomosis was cervical (52) or thoracic (16). The inferior anastomosis was on the stomach (46), duodenum (10) or jejunum (12). Hospital mortality was 8.8%, morbidity was 57.3%. Among the 62 survivors, 18 had another operation. At the end of the survey, 68% had near normal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Admission to Danish hospitals after suspected ingestion of corrosives. A nationwide survey (1984-1988) comprising children aged 0-14 years.

A search was made in The National Board Hospital Register of all admissions to Danish hospitals caused by ingestion of corrosives or suspected ingestion of corrosives during 1984-1988 among children aged 0-14 years. Discharge information on each child was collected. The study comprised 224 children. Six children developed a stricture of the esophagus, and in 11 children, the epiglottis was affected. In nearly all cases, these serious complications were due to ingestion of lye or dishwash detergent. Among children without symptoms or signs at the initial examination, none developed a stricture of the esophagus or epiglottic oedema. We conclude that during a period of five years, serious etching after ingestion of corrosives was seen only after ingestion of lye (four cases), dishwash detergent (one case) and an unidentified caustic agent (one case). In all serious cases, symptoms or signs of etching of the skin, mouth or pharynx were observed at first examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Surgical management of extensive corrosive injuries of the alimentary tract.

To evaluate the surgical results of extensive corrosive injuries of the alimentary tract, 28 patients underwent emergency operations after ingestion of massive amount of caustics. The intent to commit suicide was the motivation for all these adults. Hydrochloride acid was the most frequently ingested agent--ingested by 22 patients. Among these 28 patients, 22 underwent cervical esophagostomy, esophagogastrectomy and feeding jejunostomy or concomitant splenectomy (n = 13), or both, resulting in the morbidity rate of 18 percent and mortality rate of 9 percent; the remaining six patients additionally underwent duodenectomy, segmental jejunectomy, pancreaticojejunostomy and concomitant resections of the adjacent organs, resulting in a morbidity rate of 100 percent and mortality rate of 50 percent. Extensive corrosive injuries of the alimentary tract usually caused an uncontrollable infection. The complicated surgical interventions resulted in extensive physiologic disturbances. However, appropriate surgical management could save the lives of most of these patients, even the damage of alimentary tract extended beyond the pylorus to the jejunum.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Precancerous conditions of the esophagus].

In the upper aerodigestive tract, carcinogenesis in squamous cell mucosa is characterized by a tendency to field carcinogenesis leading to multicentricity of lesions and synchronous or metachronous multiple tumoral lesions, namely multifocality. During pretherapy broncho-esophagoscopy carried out on ENT-cancer patients, the rate of synchronous second primary cancer is 24%. In 85% of the cases, these second primaries are detected at an early stage (in situ, microinvasive or submucosal carcinoma) and do not give rise to symptoms. Early diagnosis of cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract is possible provided that high risk patients are recognized and screening endoscopy of the whole mucosa is performed in every high risk patient. On the other hand, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma may occur with increased frequency in patients with esophageal lesions such as achalasia, caustic stenosis and Barrett's esophagus. The premalignant potential of these three entities is discussed.

Barrett Esophagus↗
PubMed1996

[Non-surgical treatment of perforations of the thoracic esophagus].

OBJECTIVES: Thoracic oesophageal perforations are life-threatening conditions requiring immediate treatment. The type of treatment remains however controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the nonoperative management in this disease. METHODS: Six patients were admitted in our surgical unit for thoracic oesophageal perforations during the study period. One perforation was spontaneous (Boerhaave's syndrome). One had complicated an oesophageal ulcer. Two were secondary to caustic lesions. Two were secondary to instrumental dilations. The diagnostic and therapeutic delay was < or = 1 day in 5 cases. In one case the delay was 4 days but the mediastinitis was well tolerated. The treatment was based on antibiotics, nasoesophageal tube suction, and total parenteral nutrition. RESULTS: There was no death in this group of patients. The mediastinitis healed in all cases. In the follow-up period two patients did not have nutritional restriction after healing. Three patients complained of oesophageal stenosis which required oesophageal replacement (n = 2) and dilation (n = 1). One neoplastic stenosis required an endoprosthesis. CONCLUSION: Nonoperative treatment is feasible and safe in selected cases of thoracic oesophageal perforations: perforations diagnosed early and confined to the mediastinum, instrumental perforations, and perforations diagnosed late but well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Esophageal injury due to pill ingestion].

In recent years, many case reports concerning esophageal injuries caused by drugs have been published. The primary cause has apparently been the delay in passage and the adherence of the caustic drugs on the esophageal mucosa. The authors report a case of esophageal ulceration caused by an analgesic in a 26-year-old male with no esophageal symptoms. A review of the literature shows that a variety of medications have been implicated; size, shape and improper ingestion of pills affect esophageal transit.

Adult↗