Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “AMEBIASIS, INTESTINAL”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Enteric diseases.

This paper focuses on the growing incidence of the "new" sexually transmitted parasitic enteric diseases: amebiasis and giardiasis. Two major behavioral factors influence transmission of these diseases in the gay community: 1) oral-rectal and oral-genital sexual contact and 2) multiple sexual partners. Pathogenesis, clinical signs and symptoms and complications associated with these diseases are also discussed. Although many patients present with severe symptoms, approximately 50 percent of infected patients are asymptomatic. The diagnostic procedures include a fresh purged stool examination, nonpurged warm stool examinations, and/or cold stool specimens. The serologic tests (serum precipitin and hemagglutination) are of value only in severely symptomatic invasive disease. Different treatment regimens and their side effects are discussed. Drugs used in the treatment of the enteric diseases include diiodohydroxyquin, metronidazole, furamide, and paromomycin. Only 60 to 70 percent of patients with the disease are cured, and 30 to 40 percent of patients require multiple courses of therapy. Test-of-cure examinations, ideally consisting of one or two purged stool specimens, are necessary in follow-up management.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1983

Colitis due to Dientamoeba fragilis.

Clinical reports have suggested that the parasite Dientamoeba fragilis may be a cause of acute and chronic colitis in children and adults. The mechanism by which this parasite produces colitis has not been determined. The clinical findings in this case report suggest that D. fragilis causes colitis through an invasive ulcerating process.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High rates of enteric protozoal infections in selected homosexual men attending a venereal disease clinic.

Stool specimens from 89 high-risk, sexually active homosexual men were screened for enteric protozoal cysts. Patients whose specimens contained nonpathogenic cysts were investigated further by examination of fresh purged specimens. A total of 27 of the initial specimens (30%) contained protozoal cysts. Twenty-three patients (26%) harbored pathogens. There were 18 cases (20%) of amebiasis and 11 cases (12%) of giardiasis. Six men (7%) had concurrent amebiasis and giardiasis. The presence of infections correlated with a history of anilingus but not with place of birth, travel, or history of symptoms. The exceptionally high rate of prevalence of intestinal protozoal infection in this population suggests that enteric protozoal infections are important among sexually transmitted diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Entamoeba histolytica: from adherence to enteropathy.

Entamoeba histolytica, a cause of invasive colitis or liver abscess, is responsible for substantial worldwide morbidity and mortality. An understanding of the biochemical basis for the parasite adherence and cytolytic activities and antiamebic host immune response mechanisms are prerequisites for vaccine development. The E. histolytica galactose (Gal) or N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) inhibitable adherence lectin mediates attachment of trophozoites to colonic mucins or mammalian target cells. Amebic cytolysis of target cells requires Gal/GalNAc-lectin-mediated adherence, parasite phospholipase A activity, and maintenance of an acid pH in amebic intracellular vesicles. Cytolytic activity is stimulated by phorbol esters (activators of protein kinase C) and results from an E. histolytica-mediated increase in free Ca++ within the target cell. The Gal/GalNAc adherence lectin is a highly conserved antigen that is universally recognized by human immune sera; patients cured of invasive amebiasis possess antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity effective in vitro against E. histolytica trophozoites. Promising vaccines include the purified adherence lectin, for eliciting an intestinal secretion of IgA antibody to lectin, and additional E. histolytica antigens, which elicit cell-mediated amebicidal responses.

Amebiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal parasite infections and schistosomiasis in a poor urban area, in townships of the sugar cane belt and in villages of the semi-arid area of North-East Brazil].

We determined the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections between 1993 and 1998 in the populations of a poor quarter of Recife (Pernambuco), in two townships in the sugar cane belt and in three villages of the semi-arid area far from the coast. Intestinal schistosomiasis was present in the sugar-growing area but was not observed in the populations inland that use dams to provide irrigation and fishing. Ascaris was very common in the city and the sugar cane belt and large numbers of hookworms were observed, especially in the sugar-growing area. These nematodes were very rare in the semi-arid area. This distribution probably results from both climatic conditions and human behavior. The high frequency of Amoeba cysts demonstrates that the peasants, farmers and fisherman living in these areas have poor hygiene practices. There are probably many, complex relationships between education, income, lifestyle and intestinal parasite infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of covalently bound silica-nitroimidazole drug particles on Entamoeba histolytica.

Most commonly used antiamoebic drugs are effective in invasive amebiasis, but their response against trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica, present in the lumen of the human colon, is inadequate. We report the development of an antiamoebic drug carrier that may be effective against luminal infections. Our preparation consists of small silica particles (5-10 microns in diameter) covalently linked to a potent antiamoebic drug, 2-(4-aminophenoxymethyl)-5-nitro-1-methyl imidazole. Silica-drug particles were injected into mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs. We found that trophozoites phagocytosed the particles in vivo and in vitro, followed by rapid cell death due to the released drug. Analysis of mouse serum revealed that no drug was absorbed from the intestine after placement of the drug-containing particles in the intestine. The antiamoebic activity of particles recovered from the intestine was almost fully retained. This novel antiamoebic concept may be useful for luminal therapy for asymptomatic amebiasis and may minimize side effects and frequency of administration.

Amebicides↗