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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Bronchoconstrictive side effects of timolol eye drops in patients with obstructive lung disease].

A double-blind crossover study in seven patients with glaucoma and obstructive lung disease revealed a considerable and significant bronchoconstrictive side effect on topically administered timolol maleat. Comparative treatment of these patients with an ophthalmic solution containing 3% carbachol did not yield a statistically significant bronchial reaction. However, the observation of serious lung function impairment in three patients suggests that carbachol is not a safe alternative for the treatment of glaucoma in patients with obstructive lung disease. Whenever a deterioration of airway obstruction occurs in elderly patients, or bronchial asthma becomes manifest late in life, topically administered beta-adrenergic-receptor blocking and cholinergic agents must be considered causative factors: optimal communication between all physicians caring for glaucoma patients is an essential prerequisite.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of timolol maleate on untreated contralateral eyes (author's transl)].

The efficacity of installations of 0,5 p. cent timolol maleate unilaterally was statistically evaluated in 15 subjects: 5 with open-angle glaucoma, 5 with secondary glaucoma, and 5 normal subjects. A reduction in intraocular pressure was observed in all cases, not only in treated eyes, but also, though to a lesser degree, in untreated eyes. Effects were almost totally lacking on lacrimal secretion, corneal sensitivity, and pupil size in both eyes. The hypothesis is raised of possible unilateral treatment in selected patients with ocular hypertension and/or trabecular glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Prevention of IOP rise following laser iridectomy with topical timolol and indomethacin].

Double-masked study on 40 eyes (40 patients) of primary angle-closure glaucoma demonstrated that topical timolol and indomethacin prevented the IOP rise following combined argon and Nd:YAG laser iridectomy. A combination of the 2 drugs was especially effective in that the number of patients who would have an IOP increase over 1.33 kPa (1 kPa = 7.5 mmHg) above the baseline was reduced by 80%. The mechanism of IOP rise following iridectomy and its prevention were discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1998

A multicenter study comparing dorzolamide and pilocarpine as adjunctive therapy to timolol: patient preference and impact on daily life.

BACKGROUND: A multicenter, 4-week, two-period crossover study, comparing 2% dorzolamide three times daily to 2% pilocarpine four times daily as adjunctive therapy to 0.5% timolol twice daily, was conducted on 81 patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The treatments were evaluated for patient preference, tolerability, impact on daily life, IOP control, and visual-field changes. METHODS: The Comparison of Ophthalmic Medications for Tolerability questionnaire was used to assess patient preference, as well as the perception of side effects and activity limitations resulting from the study medications. IOP measurements and visual-field examinations were obtained at baseline and at the end of each crossover period. RESULTS: Of the 77 patients who participated in both periods, 63 (82%) preferred dorzolamide. Patients who expressed a preference preferred dorzolamide over pilocarpine by a ratio of more than 10:1. Patients reported less interference with their daily life because of side effects and activity limitations while receiving dorzolamide than while receiving pilocarpine. Dorzolamide and pilocarpine were comparably effective in lowering IOP (16% to 17%). Also, significantly more patients reported adverse experiences and discontinued therapy as a result of adverse experiences while receiving pilocarpine than while receiving dorzolamide. CONCLUSION: The results of this multicenter study support those of two previous single-center studies; these results show that dorzolamide was greatly preferred over pilocarpine and had better tolerability and less adverse impact on patients' daily lives than pilocarpine.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attenuation of hydrochlorothiazide-induced hypokalemia in dogs by a beta-adrenergic blocking drug, timolol.

Hydrochlorothiazide, administered at 1, 3 and 9 mg/kg/day p.o. for 4 days, produced a dose-dependent lowering of plasma potassium and an elevation in plasma renin activity in unanesthetized dogs. When plasma renin activity was suppressed in diuretic-treated dogs by the potent beta-adrenergic receptor-blocking drug, timolol (0.5, 2 mg/kg/day p.o. for 4 days), the hypokalemia and hyperreninemia were significantly less pronounced. The data suggest that beta-adrenergic blocking drugs can be used to antagonize these side effects of diuretics.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

Beta-blockers: propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, pindolol, alprenolol and timolol, manifest atherogenicity on in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. Elimination of propranolol atherogenic effects by papaverine.

The addition of the beta-blockers propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, pindolol, alprenolol and timolol to a culture of peritoneal macrophages or smooth muscle cells induced an increase in the intracellular cholesterol content. Blood serum obtained from a rabbit after a peroral administration of beta-blockers also induced cholesterol accumulation. This property of drug or blood serum obtained after peroral administration is conventionally referred to as atherogenic potential or atherogenicity. Regular administration of propranolol during a 21-day period evoked stable atherogenicity of rabbit blood serum. This was accompanied by stimulation of manifestations of atherosclerosis in the aorta deendothelialized with a balloon catheter. Propranolol increased neointimal thickening, lipid accumulation, an increase in cell number and in the collagen content. In vitro, the combination of propranolol with papaverine eliminated the atherogenic effect of propranolol which manifested itself as stimulation of cholesterol accumulation in cultured cells. Simultaneous peroral administration of propranolol and papaverine prevented the appearance of serum atherogenicity. Papaverine eliminated neointimal thickening, an increase in cell number and in the lipid and collagen contents evoked by propranolol. Papaverine itself had no effect on these parameters. Thus, the atherogenicity of propranolol as well as capacity of papaverine to eliminate beta-blocker atherogenicity revealed in cell culture was confirmed in vivo. We hope that these results may be useful in the development of new drugs and optimization of antiatherosclerotic drug therapy.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Hemodynamic long-term effects of timolol at rest and during exercise in essential hypertension.

Sixteen men with previously untreated essential hypertension in WHO stage I have been studied as out-patients. Oxygen consumption, heart rate (HR), cardiac output (Q) (Cardiogreen) and intraarterial brachial pressure were recorded at rest in supine and sitting position and during steady state work at 300, 600 and 900 kpm/min. The subjects were treated with timolol as the sole drug for one year and the hemodynamic study was repeated. BP was reduced approximately 18% at rest and 14% during exercise, HR approximately 26% and the cardiac index 28% at rest supine and 32% at rest sitting. During exercise the reductions in Q were 25-30%. The calculated total peripheral resistance was significantly increased at rest as well as during exercise. The product of mean arterial pressure and HR was reduced about 40%. No severe side-effects were seen.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗