Technetium-99m DMSA uptake by metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.
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Radionuclide investigations were conducted in 322 patients with nephrolithiasis. Unilateral calculosis was established in 46.3% of the patients, bilateral calculosis in 50.6%. The nature of changes on renograms, scintigrams and in clearance values was shown to depend on the localization of concrements, their size and the presence of concomitant infection. A conclusion has been made as to the usefulness of the methods with relation to operative treatment, especially in a bilateral localization of a pathological renal process.
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To assess the accuracy of renal function quantification with Tc 99m-DMSA in children, we compared DMSA renal uptake and creatinine clearance in 16 cases of children with single kidney. The age of the patients ranged from two month to fourteen years. DMSA renal uptake was measured 7 hours after injection and was normalized in percent of the injected activity. A significant correlation was found between creatinine clearance and DMSA uptake (Pearson's r = 0.866, p less than 0.01). Normal creatinine clearance in children (80 to 120 ml/min-1 X 1.73 m-2) allowed determination of normal renal uptake (36 to 60%). This study indicates that in cases of asymmetrical renal impairment renal uptake reflects split renal creatinine clearance. Since the former is much easier to measure, DMSA should play an important role in the evaluation of differential renal function.
The familial nature of vesicoureteral reflux among siblings of patients with vesicoureteral reflux has been reported to be from 8% to 32%. These included both symptomatic and asymptomatic siblings. The incidence of vesicoureteral reflux in asymptomatic siblings, however, has not been studied extensively. Sixty asymptomatic siblings of patients known to have vesicoureteral reflux were studied with radionuclide voiding cystography. Their ages ranged from 2 months to 15 years (mean, 4.2 years). Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 27 of 60 (45%) of the siblings. Vesicoureteral reflux was unilateral in 15 and bilateral in 12 of the siblings. Radionuclide cystography is more sensitive than radiographic cystography and results in a very low radiation dose to the patient. The gonadal dose with radionuclide cystography is only 1.0 to 2.0 mrads. Because of these features, radionuclide cystography is a nearly ideal technique for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in siblings of patients with known vesicoureteral reflux. All siblings (symptomatic or asymptomatic) of patients with known vesicoureteral reflux should have a screening radionuclide cystography.
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The study deals with alkaline phosphatase (ALK) changes in methylmercury chloride (MMC) and the antagonists, N-acetyl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone (NAHT) and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DSA) treated rats. A daily dose of 10 mg/kg of MMC was given to the animals for two days, seven days, and fifteen days. The animals were sacrificed on third day, eighth day, fifteen day (kept for one week without treatment) and sixteenth day. The antagonists (40 mg/kg body weight) were also applied simultaneously except in third group animals where these agents were administered from 8th-14th days. Study reveals progressive decreased activity of the enzyme in all the animal groups with increasing the duration of the dose except two days treated animals. NAHT restored the enzyme level in all the groups except in fifteen days MMC treated animals, while DSA was less effective in all the groups except in two days MMC treated animals. The significance of inhibition of the enzyme in relation to methylmercury toxication has been discussed in detail.
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We prepared 99mTechnetium(V) DMSA (pentavalent form) as an imaging agent for eighteen patients with proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The head, neck, chest and abdomen were scanned. The nasopharyngeal tumour showed tracer accumulation in only 5 out of the 18 patients (28%). The study indicates that 99mTechnetium(V) DMSA is not a useful radiopharmaceutical for visualising nasopharyngeal tumours although it may have other useful properties.
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Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) and five of its N,N-disubstituted analogs were compared with dimercaptosuccinate (DMSA) for effectiveness in mobilizing and promoting excretion of methylmercury (MeHg) following administration of a sublethal dose of MeHg labeled with Me203Hg. The previously reported effectiveness of DMSA was confirmed. Of the dithiocarbamates assessed, only di(carboxymethyl)-dithiocarbamate (DCDC) was active in mobilizing MeHg, and its activity on a molar dose basis was less than that of DMSA. The disparate structural requirements of dithiocarbamates as antagonists of MeHg and of cadmium were discussed.