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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Verification of the protective effect of a toxoid vaccine against edema disease of weaned piglets in an infection model].

105 piglets (56 vaccinated and 49 control animals) were utilized in 6 consecutive experiments. Each used litter was divided randomly into vaccine and control animals. One week prior to weaning each of the 56 piglets of the vaccine groups received 5 mg of nonpurified toxin treated with glutaraldehyd subcutaneously whereas to the remaining 49 control animals an extract of apathogenic E. coli was administered. During the first 12 hours post weaning each of the 105 piglets was challenged perorally with 10(10) cfu of edema principle toxin producing germs of E. coli serogroup O 139. 23 animals of the control groups (46.9%) and one animal of vaccine groups (1.8%) died due to the infection between days four and five post challenge. These control animals showed classical clinical symptoms as well as pathological findings typical for edema disease. In contrast, such findings as mentioned before could not be observed in the vaccinated piglets. The remaining part of the control animals and eight of those vaccinated ones exhibited edema disease symptoms. The vaccinated animals have shed the challenge strain one to three days, while the survivals of control groups shed those germs for two to six days. The vaccinated piglets showed a better growth rate than the remaining control animals. Presented data suggest that our toxoid immunizing procedure can be used successfully against edema disease of swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Shot biopsy in view of muscular disorders in pigs.

Although a number of problems in connection with the use of shot biopsy have yet to be solved, it can be stated that by this technique biopsy samples of sufficient quantity (up to 1.5 g) can be obtained from the musculus longissimus dorsi of pigs of about 80 kg liveweight. The technique offers data on the metabolic status (biophysical and biochemical values) of muscles, provided that the postmortal processes have been simulated (incubation of bioptate). The use of sensitivity tests on isolated subcellular fractions of the bioptate can lead to more precise results and consequently, to a remarkable reduction in the incidence of PSE syndrome (pale, soft, exudative meat). The first results achieve under conditions of Slovakia (Czechoslovakia) in testing boars show that this method could find a permanent use in the practice. Research institutions in a number of countries are now investigating possibilities of using shot biopsy for prediction of skeletal muscle disorders in pigs and it is excepted that many new results will be published soon.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Rate of development of oesophagogastric parakeratosis in the growing pig: some effects of finely ground barley diets, genotype and previous husbandry.

The rate of development of parakeratotic lesions in the gastric pars oesophagea was investigated in three experiments using 360 pigs, initially aged 10 to 11 weeks and weighing about 30 kg, of differing genotype and with some differences in previous rearing method, given a diet based on finely ground barley which was known to predispose to lesion formation. Lesions were found in some pigs at 10 to 11 weeks old but the incidence and severity increased progressively indicating development as quickly as one month after first giving the finely ground diet. There were indications that different genotypes and different diets given previously in rearing may have influenced the results obtained. The possible influence of other environmental factors is discussed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

[Myeloid leukemia in a Göttingen miniature swine].

After giving a short review of the different types of leukosis in the pig a leukosis in a Göttingen miniature breeding sow is described. The clinical symptoms were nonspecific, the pathomorphological signs were characterized by hepato- and splenomegaly and leukotic changes in kidneys and lymph nodes. By means of hematologic examinations a chronic myeloic leukosis could be diagnosed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The significance of mycotoxin assimilation for the productivity and health of animals].

In the last decade an increasing occurrence of feed intoxications of Austrian domestic animals could be observed. According to specific cases and one experimental study using fattening pigs, the clinical symptoms laboratory findings of blood and feed samples are described. Based on the case history, the clinical symptoms of the incriminated animals and by exclusion of other diseases an etiologic correlation with the feed and the course of disease, a feed intoxication could be diagnosed. By corresponding microbiologic as well as mycotoxicologic positive results of the examined feedstuffs the diagnosis "mycotoxicosis" could be confirmed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1986

Exposure of sheep to natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Sheep taken individually and allowed to inhale air being drawn along a duct from a cabinet containing pigs acutely infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus for 10 or 15 minute periods were infected by doses as low as 10 TCID50 of virus. The most consistent and reliable indicators of infection were viraemia and seroconversion. The mean times from exposure to onset of viraemia, pyrexia and the appearance of vesicular lesions were 2.5, 3.8 and 4.7 days, respectively. Neither the time from exposure to first detectable viraemia nor vesication correlated with dose. Around 27 per cent of sheep which were known to have been infected did not develop vesicles.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1988

Non-neoplastic pulmonary multinucleate giant cells. Comparative study of multinucleate giant cells in porcine dermatosis vegetans and other polykaryocytic conditions.

Pulmonary multinucleate giant cells (MGCs) in porcine dermatosis vegetans (DV) were compared with virus-induced and inflammatory-associated MGCs, with particular attention to mechanisms involved in the formation of such cells. Ultrastructurally, pigs with DV showed numerous pulmonary MGCs with transversely-sectioned interdigitating microvillous structures. Microvilli were observed closely apposed to type-II pneumocytes and with morphological characteristics of membrane bridge formation. Rabbits infected with Mycobacterium bovis exhibited multiple pulmonary granulomas with prominent MGC formation 14 days after infection. Close apposition between MGCs and small macrophages and membrane bridge formation were demonstrated ultrastructurally. Pulmonary changes in calves infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) included lobular consolidation and intense infiltration of inflammatory cells into the bronchial, bronchiolar and alveolar walls. Proliferation of bronchiolo-alveolar epithelial cells was prominent, but syncytiae were only occasionally demonstrated. This study of the morphological characteristics of MGCs is related to the present knowledge of mechanisms involved in membrane fusion and allows for an interpretation of an active fusion process involved in the formation of MGCs in porcine DV.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Advances in control of ectoparasites in large animals.

In continuation of a publication on "Large-scale management systems and parasite populations: ectoparasites" in Vet. Parasitol. 11 (1982): 61-68, advances and present state of the control of ectoparasites in herds of cattle, sheep and camels are discussed. An intensified animal production necessitates permanent veterinary control of the status of ectoparasites. Strategically, control is basically directed towards achieving three aims: eradication, reduction of losses by means of dilution of ectoparasites regulations, and therapeutic measures. In the last few years, important progress has been made in effective ectoparasites control, mainly resulting from the discovery of new insecticides and acaricides, the improvement of the application techniques and the recent results in the biological control of arthropods; finally, an immunological approach will open new alternative ways of control. The control of mange and demodicosis in cattle; sarcoptic mange and sucking lice infestations in pigs; mange, biting lice infestations and nasal bots in sheep; ectoparasite infestations in camels and tick infestations are the main topics of the paper. The discovery of Ivermectin, a derivate of Streptomyces avermitilis which is now already fully integrated in to the spectrum of antiparasitic drugs, created a new generation of broad spectrum insecticides/acaricides. Current problems of the chemical control of arthropods, like the risk of residues in meat, milk and their products, the insecticide resistance and the possible environment pollution are critically outlined. But on the other hand, it can be predicted hypothetically that the amount of pest control measures in farm animals will increase in the near future to eliminate arthropods as causes of skin diseases and of damages to hides entailing negative effects on leather processing and as vectors of important infection agents. Finally, the proposal is submitted to elaborate international control programmes against ectoparasite species of global importance.

Animals↗