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Results for “Persons with Intellectual Disabilities”

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PubMed2006

Standards and quality measures for services for people with intellectual disabilities.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In our modern, performance managed National Health Service, quality has become a key target. Quality assurance has become a statutory duty and the National Health Service is inundated with policy documents and performance measures in most areas of mainstream healthcare. Performance against such measures will be monitored by powerful independent regulatory bodies. It is therefore timely to look at what specific quality measures there are for services for people with intellectual disability. RECENT FINDINGS: Tension exists as to the need for developing specific targets for the population with intellectual disabilities when the philosophy of care is for real social inclusion where 'all means all'. To what extent will existing quality standards for mental health services suffice when we know that often people with intellectual disabilities have real issues accessing these services? This paper highlights published quality measures and standards from primary care through mainstream secondary care and specialist mental health services. It also discusses the policy context and current development of regulatory standards as these continue to evolve. SUMMARY: Evidence for meeting quality standards will increasingly dominate the delivery and funding of healthcare in the National Health Service.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed2005

Halitosis and periodontal disease in subjects with mental disabilities.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between halitosis, presence of N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamide (BANA) positive activity (indicative of Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis) and periodontal conditions in subjects with mental disabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The population consisted of 17 Down syndrome (DS), 17 mentally retarded (MR) and 17 mentally healthy subjects (MH) - control group. A portable sulfide monitor was used to measure the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) found in the mouth. Clinical parameters [Plaque Index (PlI), Probing Depth (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP)] were obtained from six reference teeth. Subgingival plaque samples for BANA Test were taken from the same six teeth and dorsum of the tongue. RESULTS: PlI and BOP were higher in DS than in MR and MH, respectively (P < 0.05). Mean PD was similar between DS and healthy groups but it was higher than the MR group. No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding the presence of BANA positive species, however the VSC levels were significantly lower in DS (97.23 ppb) than in MR (203.23 ppb) and MH individuals (180.53 ppb). CONCLUSIONS: Even though the presence of BANA positive activity was similar among DS, MR and MH subjects, halitosis seemed to be lower in the DS group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Sex offenders with an intellectual disability.

It is only in recent years that the myth of the incorrigible and untreatable sex offender with an intellectual disability has been seriously questioned. Current assessment and treatment approaches in this area assume that such offenders are accountable for their actions and treatable with appropriately modified techniques. Even though they may be initially hard to engage in the assessment and treatment process, the use of simplified approaches that support the day-to-day reinforcement of treatment concepts is proving to be effective with this population.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Lithium intoxication in a patient with severe motor and intellectual disabilities].

A severaly retarded 30-year-old woman developed acute lithium intoxication. Since the age of 22, she had been treated with neuroleptics for her aggressive behavior. At 30 years of age, lithium carbonate was added to arrest self-injurious behavior, at an initial dosage of 300 mg/day and a maintenance dosage of 900 mg/day. She subsequently developed anorexia and weight loss, and was admitted to our hospital. After 7 months of lithium therapy, she suddenly had a high fever (38.3 degrees C), diabetes inspidus, severe hypernatremia, and became akinetic and mute. Under the suspicion of lithium intoxication, all medication was discontinued, and mannitol to increase renal lithium clearance. She was given gradually improved over a month, but remained hypothyroid. This case shows the importance of interaction of lithium carbonate and other drugs which may cause lithium intoxication. In patients with severe intellectual disabilities who are unable to complain their symptoms, lithium therapy requires particularly close attention to signs of early toxicity.

Adult↗