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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Evaluation of mouth self-examination in the control of oral cancer.

This study was planned to evaluate the feasibility of mouth self-examination (MSE). Some 450 college students distributed to 9000 households a brochure describing the risk factors of oral cancer, the appearance of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity and the methods of MSE with pictures. All subjects with tobacco habits and/or aged 30 years or over were asked to read the brochure carefully and to report to the clinic conducted in their locality on fixed days, if they suspected an abnormality while practising MSE. Out of the approximately 22,000 eligible subjects, 8028 (36%) practised MSE. Among the 247 subjects reporting to the clinics seven (3%) had oral cancer and 85 (34%) had oral precancerous lesions; the others had either benign lesions or normal anatomical variations. Six of the seven subjects with oral cancer had stage I disease, five of whom accepted treatment and were alive disease-free 5 years later. The detection rates of oral cancer compared favourably with the previously reported detection rates using trained health workers. Although this study demonstrated that MSE is feasible, larger studies are required to evaluate whether health education could result in a sustained practice of MSE resulting in reduction in incidence of and mortality from oral cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The influence of counselling on patient return following uncomplicated posterior vitreous detachment.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of patient counselling together with the use of information leaflets on the number of return visits for patients with acute, symptomatic, uncomplicated posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). METHODS: The study group comprised the first 50 patients diagnosed with uncomplicated PVD in 1998 when a standard protocol of structured patient counselling and leaflet distribution was employed following diagnosis of PVD. The control group comprised the first 50 patients in 1997 diagnosed with uncomplicated PVD before structured patient counselling was in place. A retrospective analysis of casualty case notes was made comparing the two groups. The number of eye casualty attendances within 1 year of first presentation with PVD was compared in the two groups. RESULTS: Seven patients from the control group returned because of photopsia or floaters; 3 of the 7 returned with no change in their original symptoms. Six patients from the study group returned. All had a definite change in their symptoms of photopsia or floaters. No patient in the study group who returned had old or persistent symptoms. Statistical analysis comparing return visits of patients with no change in symptoms in the two groups by Fisher's Exact Test gave a p value of 0.13. CONCLUSION: Patients counselled following uncomplicated PVD did not return to eye casualty in the absence of new symptoms. Patient counselling is an important part of the management of PVD because it makes patients aware of which symptoms are important predictors of serious vitreoretinal pathology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral contraceptives and antibiotics: important considerations for dental practice.

This paper considers the possible interactions between oral contraceptive pills and antibiotics, in the context of modern dental practice. A review of the literature on such interactions leads to the conclusion that current national guidelines on the use of alternative contraceptive measures during a course of broad spectrum antibiotics in women also using the oral contraceptive pill should be emphasised and encouraged as part of good clinical practice. A patient information leaflet may be considered as a useful way of presenting such advice to female patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

Reducing anxiety in new dental patients by means of leaflets.

Fifty adults, consecutive attenders at a dentist who was new to them, were selected. They completed the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory before and after they had read one of two different leaflets in the waiting room. One, the informative leaflet, included information about pain control and stop signals. A comparison leaflet did not include this information but acknowledged, sympathetically, that many people are nervous of dental treatment. The leaflet also provided some explanations for that fear. Both leaflets were designed, according to published evidence, to be easily read and understood. The layout drew attention to the most important points. State Anxiety decreased significantly only in the patients who read the informative leaflet (P < 0.01). This occurred before the patients met their new dentist. Those patients given the informative leaflet rated it as much more helpful than those given the comparison leaflet (P = 0.007).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Reducing anxiety.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Anxiety↗
PubMed1997

An evaluation of practice leaflets provided by general dental practitioners working in multi-racial areas.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of information leaflets produced by NHS dental practices based in high density multi-racial areas within the city of Birmingham. METHOD: All of the 41 general dental practices based in ten Birmingham electoral wards with high concentrations of ethnic minorities were approached for a copy of their practice leaflet. Each leaflet was assessed in terms of: 1. overall presentation, 2. general information, and 3. information specifically relevant to the ethnic minorities. RESULTS: Seventy-eight per cent (32) of practices currently produce information leaflets. Compliance with specific NHS regulations ranged from 3% to 97%; 41% (13) of leaflets had one or more sections written in a minority language. Although ethnic minority languages were spoken by staff in three-quarters of the practices, less than one third specified this. Only one leaflet contained information on arrangements for non-English speaking patients. CONCLUSION: Recommendations are made concerning the quality and content of practice leaflets for practices based in high density multi-racial areas.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1998

The role of the public in water fluoridation: public health champions or anti-fluoridation freedom fighters?

OBJECTIVE: Using the opportunity of pretesting a leaflet for the general public on water fluoridation, their views were also sought on the issue as a whole. DESIGN: Qualitative research using focus group discussions led by an experienced moderator. SETTING: Among the general public living in north east England. SUBJECTS: Members of the public living in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas in three age bands (20-35, 36-50 and 50+) and by social class. RESULTS: The study found: the low priority given to dental health; how emotive the subject of water is; the variable knowledge of fluoride in relation to dental and general health; and the desire for information if new water fluoridation schemes are planned. CONCLUSIONS: The research confirmed public support for water fluoridation but highlighted the place of public health professionals in championing water fluoridation because of public apathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

An investigation of male attitudes toward marketing communications from dental service providers.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the process by which males aged 25-34 who do not display regular attendance behaviour are exposed to, attend, comprehend and are persuaded by communications by general dental practitioners. DESIGN: Focus groups (of 1 hour duration) comprising 6-7 members, conducted over a period of 18 months, discussing five open-ended questions or statements. SETTING: The Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe+Alsager Faculty, Cheshire, UK during 1995-96. SUBJECTS: 116 non-attending males (aged between 25-34 years) taken from professional lecturers (17%), full-time (50%) and part-time students (33%) with varying income and education levels. INTERVENTIONS: A theoretical linear-sequential model related to patients behaviour was considered in relation to the timing of communications but this was not tested. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Views of group members concerning their attitudes, perceptions and experience of communications from GDPs. RESULTS: Informative oral communications were considered as important during treatment. Most written communications were cited as impersonal, health posters were perceived as negative being targeted at children only, general media articles on dentistry were not very evident or interesting, however, a practice brochure was viewed as a handy communication tool. CONCLUSIONS: General dental practitioners should look carefully at all of their own methods of communication with patients (from oral to written) and consider the value of their marketing and all areas of communications, especially when considering non-attenders and males (aged 25-34).

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The immediate effect on knowledge, attitudes and intentions in primary care attenders of a patient information leaflet: a randomized control trial replication and extension.

AIM: To determine whether the influence of a leaflet on mouth cancer improves knowledge, related attitudes and intention to accept a mouth screen. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Dental and medical waiting rooms in the North West of England. SAMPLE: Nine hundred and forty nine patients from 16 practices were invited to participate. MEASURES: Standardized multi-item scales of six outcome measures including knowledge, beliefs and intention to accept an oral cancer screen. PROCEDURE: A patient information leaflet was given to a randomized intervention group of patients. A single sheet questionnaire was completed by both groups of patients (immediately following leaflet administration in the intervention arm of study). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: t tests were used to compare outcome variables between patients with and without access to the leaflet with Boneferroni correction. RESULTS: Participation rate was high (91%). Knowledge (P <0.001) and intentions (P = 0.003) benefited from patient access to leaflet. Anxiety was not raised with leaflet exposure. Some beliefs about the screening procedure appeared to be slightly improved by reading the leaflet (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: This study supports previous findings of an immediate positive effect of an information leaflet on patients' knowledge of oral cancer and willingness to accept an oral cancer screen.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

An evaluation of the quality of commercially produced patient information leaflets.

AIM: A descriptive study was undertaken to assess the quality of a range of patient information leaflets produced by the British Dental Association. METHOD: Twenty-nine leaflets were assessed with regard to presentation, readability and quality. The topic areas covered included: treatment, self-care and disease related information. Presentation was evaluated with regard to layout, font size, typeface, use of illustrations, paper type and print colour. Readability was assessed using the Flesch reading grade and the SMOG reading grade. Quality was assessed using the DISCERN tool. FINDINGS: All leaflets scored quite well for readability, with the average SMOG Reading Grade Level being 9.10 (SD 0.80) and the average Flesch reading Grade Level being 6.18 (SD 0.83). There were, however, some areas of presentation that could be improved, specifically font size, illustration use and paper finish, which did not comply with the RNIB guidelines. Quality ratings using the DISCERN tool were low. In particular most leaflets scored poorly in setting out clear aims in the opening paragraph, in identifying sources and dates of information provided, and other sources of advice and support available. Few leaflets discussed the option of no treatment or how the treatment would affect overall quality of life. The role of shared decision making was rarely mentioned. CONCLUSION: Patient information leaflets produced commercially are of high production quality and good readability but tend not to be patient centred.

Health Education, Dental↗
PubMed2004

Randomised trial of a decision aid and its timing for women being tested for a BRCA1/2 mutation.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a decision aid (DA) and its timing in women being tested for a BRCA1/2 mutation. Women with and without a previous history of cancer were included after blood sampling for genetic testing. The DA consisted of a brochure and video providing information on screening and prophylactic surgery. To evaluate the impact of the DA, women were randomised to the DA group (n=184), receiving the DA 2 weeks after blood sampling, or to the control group (n=184). To evaluate the impact of timing, mutation carriers who had received the DA before the test result (n=47) were compared to mutation carriers who received the DA after the test result (n=42). Data were collected on well-being, treatment choice, decision and information related outcomes. The impact of the DA was measured 4 weeks after blood sampling. The impact of timing was measured 2 weeks after a positive test result. The DA had no impact on well-being. Regarding decision related outcomes, the DA group more frequently considered prophylactic surgery (P=0.02) corroborated with higher valuations (P=0.04). No differences were found for the other decision related outcomes. Regarding information related outcomes, the DA group felt better informed (P=0.00), was more satisfied with the information (P=0.00), and showed more accurate risk perceptions. Timing of the DA had no effect on any of the outcomes. No interactions were found between the DA and history of cancer. In conclusion, women being tested for a BRCA1/2 mutation benefit from the DA on information related outcomes. Because timing had no effect, the DA is considered useful either before or after the test result.

Adult↗