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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Bilateral radical mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast of the stages T0 and T1 (N0, M0) and mammoplasty of both breasts, areola and nipples in a single operation (author's transl)].

Bilateral radical mastectomy and concomitant mammoplasty is a new operative procedure for the treatment of carcinoma of the breast in the stages T0 and the small T1, N0, M0. The advantage of the procedure is the increased extent of the operation, the improved cosmetic result and the single stage of the procedure. Consequently the cure rate is improved and the psychic trauma to the patient is decreased. The operation is more radical since the so-called healthy breast is operated first, including axillary lymphadenectomy and subsequent mammoplasty followed by the same procedure on the so-called diseased breast. If the pectoral muscles are involved, a conventional radical mastectomy has to be done. The diagnosis is made by excisional biopsy and frozen section microscopy. The cosmetic result is improved because both breasts are subjected to the same operation, and lateral differences in shape, volume and consistency of the breasts are eliminated. Cylastic prostheses are inserted as new breasts usually sub-pectorally and rarely subcutaneously. The nipples are surgically reconstructed and pigmented by tattooing. The advantage of this single stage procedure is a single general anaesthesia and less psychic trauma since the patient goes to sleep with the knowledge of waking up with two breasts even though endoprothetic breasts. Post-operative radiotherapy can be applied with the prostheses in place. The principle of cure before cosmetics is preserved. Radical operation of the so-called healthy side is justified because of the above mentioned cosmetic advantages and the 25% incidence of primary or metastatic cancer of the so-called healthy side. The post-operative care of women with a bilateral operation is not a problem since no more breast tissue is left behind. Orthopedic complaints which can occur because of macromastia of the remaining breast are also eliminated.

Axilla↗
PubMed1990

Paget's disease of the nipple.

Paget's disease of the nipple is a superficial manifestation of an underlying breast carcinoma which may be either infiltrating or non-infiltrating. Its incidence, clinical features, histogenesis and treatment are discussed in this article.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improved method for determination of volatile nitrosamines in baby bottle rubber nipples and pacifiers.

A method is described for determining volatile nitrosamines in baby bottle rubber nipples and pacifiers. The method consists of overnight soaking of the sample with dichloromethane in the presence of propyl gallate, an inhibitor for artifactual formation of nitrosamines; extraction with dichloromethane using an ambient temperature column procedure; distillation from aqueous alkali; extraction of the aqueous distillate with dichloromethane and concentration of the extract using a Kuderna-Danish concentrator; and final analysis by gas chromatography with detection by thermal energy analyzer. Major improvements over other published methods include a simpler extraction, a more efficient distillation and concentration to minimize losses, and incorporation of propyl gallate inhibitor as well as of a test to detect unsuitable dichloromethane solvent that otherwise might lead to artifactual formation. The method is highly accurate (approximately 90% recovery) and precise (av. CV = 4.7% at greater than 9 ppb levels) and is applicable to determination of nitrosamines in both rubber- and plastic-based products.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

'Nipple' ureterocutaneostomy.

In 4 years the authors performed 25 cases of 'nipple' ureterocutaneostomy elaborated by them. The essence of the operation is that by using skin grafts, the stoma emerges by 1.0 to 1.5 cm above the surface of the skin. Without ureteral drainage, their patients use disposable DANSAC ileostomic urine collecting sacs which can be attached to the skin. This method is presented in detail and the results are evaluated. In case of an adequately long and wide ureter, they consider their surgical procedure to be suitable for permanent supravesical urine excretion.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytopathology of nipple discharge due to Pityrosporum orbiculare and cocci in an elderly woman.

A case has been described where cytologic examination first showed a fungus infection as the possible cause of a nipple discharge of long duration. The discharge was found to be associated with Pityrosporum orbiculare, Micrococcus tetragenes and Staphylococci (coagulase negative). Administration of an antibiotic that inhibited the bacteria cured the condition.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Epithelial dysplasia in nipple aspirates of breast fluid: association with family history and other breast cancer risk factors.

Because of the strong association of epithelial dysplasia and breast cancer, the extent to which dysplasia of breast fluid epithelial cells obtained by nipple aspiration is associated with breast cancer risk factors was investigated. A significantly higher proportion of women who had a first-degree family history of breast cancer had dysplastic cells in breast fluid than women who had no such history. When family history status was correlated with various breast cancer risk factors, higher proportions of women with dysplasia were found among those who had a first degree family history of breast cancer and for whom certain other risk factors were present, which suggested additive and synergistic effects of these factors on breast epithelium. Breast epithelia of women with a first-degree family history of breast cancer may be more prone to abnormal differentiation in response to environmentally conditioned risk factors.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol and cholesterol epoxides in nipple aspirates of human breast fluid.

In nipple aspirates of breast fluid from nonpregnant healthy women, cholesterol and cholesterol epoxide levels were determined with gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrophotometric techniques. Cholesterol levels were found to be elevated above plasma levels averaging 2200 +/- 1995 (S.D.) mg/dl and showing progressive increases in mean breast fluid cholesterol levels with advancing age, averaging 187, 1957, and 3554 mg/dl in women of age groups 20 to 29, 30 to 39, an 40 to 49 years, respectively. Cholesterol epoxide was detected in a significant number of women who yielded high levels of breast fluid cholesterol. Cholesterol epoxide has been reported by other workers to have transforming activity for embryo hamster cells and to be carcinogenic in animals. The findings lend support to our hypothesis and observation that the human breast secretes mutagenic and cancer-promoting substances which may have relevance in studies of the etiology of benign breast disease and cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Construction of a stable nipple valve for the continent ileostomy.

Construction of the continent ileostomy has been beset by a high incidence of late complications due to malfunction of the nipple valve. A modification of the technique for the construction of the valve was developed in animal experiments and tried out with success in clinical tests. The operation technique is described and preliminary clinical results reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Lactation from axillary breast tissue in the absence of a supernumerary nipple. A case report.

A case of lactation apparently from axillary supernumerary breast tissue was observed in a lactating woman. The tissue showed histologic features typical of both normal glands of lactation and apocrine sweat glands, and the fluid showed evidence of milk production. The supernumerary breast tissue was not associated with a nipple. Renal and skeletal anomalies were also noted.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

[Two cases of continent cystoileostomy using nipple valve method].

We performed continent cystoileostomy in which the technique of Kock's efferent nipple was utilized, on two female patients with urethral cancer and vulvar cancer. We recommend continent cystoileostomy for the patient who needs urethrectomy but whose bladder function can be preserved.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gross cystic disease fluid protein in nipple aspirates of breast fluid of Asian and non-Asian women.

Gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15) is universally present in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium of cystic breast disease and breast cancer, but it is rarely found in normal breast epithelium. Therefore GCDFP-15 detected in nipple aspirates of breast fluid (NAF) could serve as a biochemical marker of the presence and possibly extent of apocrine metaplasia within the breast. GCDFP-15 levels were measured in NAF from 37 Asian and 78 non-Asian women using radioimmunoassay. GCDFP-15 (range, 0-81,643 micrograms/ml) was found in the NAF of all but 1 woman and was highly correlated between right and left breasts. Mean concentrations of GCDFP-15 were significantly lower in NAF from Asian compared with non-Asian women. Markedly reduced levels of GCDFP-15 were found in the 17 women who had been parous in the previous 2 years. In women not parous within the prior 2 years, no relationship was found between GCDFP-15 levels and age, weight, age at menarche, first-degree family history of breast cancer, parity, oral contraceptive use, or smoking history. High concentrations of GCDFP-15 were found in the NAF of women with a history of a benign breast biopsy. Because similarly high levels of GCDFP-15 were found in NAF in over 40% of women without a history of benign breast biopsy, and because GCDFP-15 in the breast is produced only by apocrine metaplastic epithelium, we infer that the breasts of these women likely contain a significant degree of apocrine metaplasia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Nipple discharge: differential diagnostic considerations].

Each uni- or bilateral secretion of the nipple--spontaneous or easy to trigger--has to be examined thoroughly, independent of the colour or the amount of the secretion. Colours of the secretions do not refer to a specific breast disease. Main causes are functional disease with and without endogenous increase of prolactin secretion and benign and malignant breast diseases. Mastopathia, papilloma, fibroadenoma, nonpuerperal mastitis, and carcinoma of the breast are the most common pathological findings associated with secretions of the mammary gland.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1977

[Slowly-adapting mechanoreceptor units of the guinea pig mammary nipple].

Slowly--adapting mechanoreceptor units of areola and nipple (MAI and MAII) at rest exhibited spontaneous 1--2/sec firing in 6% only. At constant mechanical displacement of the skin surface. MAI had an irregular firing while MAII--regular one. Mean frequency of MAI and MAII APs linearly depended on the amplitude of mechanical stimulus. trepeated stimulation of MAI and MAII reduced number of APs for each successive stimulus. At sinusoidal mechanical stimulation, the smallest AP threshold for MAI and MAII was about 10--15 Hz.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1996

[Treatment of breast cancer located behind the nipple with musculocutaneous flap from the latissimus dorsi. 2) Analysis of a series of 14 cases].

The authors report a series of 14 cases of retroareolar breast cancer treated by wide excision followed by reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap. Based on clinical and histological datas, they establish surgical indications and show that this procedure can be used for central tumors whose diameter goes from 1.5 to 3 cm even if the nipple is retracted. Cosmetical and functional results are usually goods. They just have to note one infection medically treated.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Repair of complex ureterovaginal and vesicovaginal fistulas with ileal cystoplasty and ureteric reimplantation into an antireflux ileal nipple valve--a case report.

We report a case of a 59-year-old woman with bilateral ureterovaginal and vesicovaginal fistulas after radical total hysterectomy and bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy who failed transvesical repair of the vesicovaginal fistula. The bladder was extensively scarred, half of which had to be excised. This was replaced with an ileal cystoplasty with an antireflux ileal nipple valve into which the ureters were reimplanted. Continuity of the urinary tract was re-established without a urinary diversion or stoma.

Female↗