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Results for “Multiphasic Screening”

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PubMed1996

[A questionnaire study on health administration in small enterprises in a rural region].

A questionnaire study on the health administration of industrial workers was performed on 230 enterprises in city A in a rural region. Responding subjects numbered 140 and the response rate was 60.9%. Subjects by scale were: 16% with more than 50 workers, 48% with from 10 to 49 workers and 36% with less than 10 workers, and the proportions by industry were: 32% manufacturing, 22% wholesale-retail trade and 14% construction. The subject proportions classified according to the health insurance scheme were: 59% government-managed health insurance, 15% national health insurance and 11% society-managed health insurance. The rate of periodic health examination was 100% in enterprises with more than 50 workers, 67.2% in those with from 10 to 49 workers and 51.0% in those with less than 10 workers. The main reasons why then did not receive health examinations were: 40% had no time available to conduct examinations, 21% believed such examinations were not necessary, and 19% did not know of such an examination system. They encountered some difficulties in promoting health; for example, the advanced age of workers, and no time or money to spare for health administration. They desired provision of facilities close at hand for health examination, health consultation and health information. The results of this study show the difficulty of promoting health administration in small scale enterprises and also that it is difficult to obtain accurate information on actUal conditions including health administration in small enterprises.

Exercise↗
PubMed1996

[Psychophysiological correlates of increasing the work ability of human operator owing to the programmable correction of the functional status].

There has been studied application of a complex approach to development of automated ways to gain contactless psychophysiological correction of functional status and improvement of performance of working up operators. The psychophysiological support of operator consisted in combined presentation of functional music, surf noise and pulsed dynamic green lighting under a special program built-up on the principle of biological feedback of heart and respiration rates. The individually adaptable audio and visual pulses on the programme showed a rather high efficiency as was confirmed by the change in the set of psychophysiological indices (heart rate, arterial pressure, cutaneogalvanic reaction, accommodation volume, critical rate of flicker fusion, electroencephalogram), and subjective SAM (self-feeling, activity, mood) estimates in the course of extended operator's activity.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1997

[Decreasing early detection gaps].

In the first year of life, 90% of children are regularly supervised by the periodic health examinations (examination no 3 to no 6). From the beginning of the second year of life, the participation rate is continuously decreasing up to 75% at the last examination at 5 years. Results of school entrant examinations could demonstrate that the real participation rate is less than reported. Some data point to the group of non-participating children: e.g. children of migrants, of social disadvantaged families or large families. Longitudinal studies show a regular participation in periodic health examinations of 75% in the first year of life, in the following period only at the half up to two thirds of children were regularly presented to the health check-ups. The action-fields for the children- and school-health activities appear in outlines: priorities of the campaign of school-medicine in this domain will be the in the encouragement of the three last examinations (no 7 to 9). An action plan is presented in the article.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Criteria for screening diabetes mellitus using serum fructosamine level and fasting plasma glucose level. The Japanese Society of Multiphasic Health Testing and Services (JMHT), Fructosamine Working Committee.

A screening method using serum fructosamine level and the fasting plasma glucose level was used for screening patients with diabetes mellitus. The criteria for positive tests recommended by the Japanese Society of Multiphasic Health Testing and Services were evaluated. It was found that levels for the serum fructosamine of 290 mumol/l or higher (or, for the fasting plasma glucose of 110 mg/dl or higher) agreed with the standard oral glucose tolerance test in identifying patients with diabetes mellitus in 96.7% of cases, and the serum fructosamine test was simpler and less expensive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Personal, indoor, and outdoor VOC exposures in a probability sample of children.

As part of the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study we measured volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations in a probability sample of households with children. The 6-day average concentrations for 10 common VOCs were obtained in urban and nonurban residences twice during this multiphase study: screening-phase indoor measurements were collected in 284 households, and in the intensive-phase matched outdoor (O), indoor (I), and personal (P) measurements were collected in a subset (N=72) of the screened households. Screening-phase households with smokers had significantly higher concentrations of benzene and styrene compared to nonsmoking households; households with an attached garage had significantly higher levels of benzene, chloroform, styrene, and m/p- and o-xylene compared to households without an attached garage; and nonurban residences, which had a greater prevalence of smokers and attached garages, had significantly higher 1,1,1-trichloroethane, styrene, and toluene and significantly lower tetrachloroethylene concentrations compared to urban households. The screening-phase weighted distributions estimate the mean and variability in indoor VOC concentrations for more than 45,000 households with children in the census tracts sampled. Overall, median indoor concentrations of most VOCs measured in this study were similar to or lower than indoor levels measured previously in the United States. Intensive-phase outdoor VOC concentrations were generally lower than other major metropolitan areas, but urban concentrations were significantly higher than nonurban concentrations for all compounds except 1,1,1-trichloroethylene. A consistent pattern of P>I>O was observed for nine of 10 VOCs, with 1,1,1-trichloroethylene (I>P>O) being the only exception to this pattern. For most children, the indoor at-home microevironment was strongly associated with personal exposure after controlling for important covariates, but the ratio of median to upper bound exposures was smaller than that observed in studies of adults. There are relatively little data on VOC exposures in children, so these results are useful for estimating the central tendency and distribution of VOC exposures in locations where children spend a majority of their time.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2000

Variation in the wear rate during the life of a total hip arthroplasty: a simulator and retrieval study.

The limitation of wear is fundamental to the optimization of total hip arthroplasty longevity. The maintenance of the supersmooth femoral head surface is considered to be paramount in maximizing prosthesis life expectancy. Ex vivo studies have failed to substantiate a relationship between roughness and the clinical wear factor, however. A hip simulator wear study was undertaken to investigate this contradiction. Three explanted femoral heads were articulated for 5 million cycles against new acetabular liners. The simulator wear rate was 5 times the ex vivo value. This difference can be explained only if the explant head roughness was not that which existed for most of the joint's life. The relationship between surface roughness and wear deduced for simulator testing is substantially different from that of unidirectional wear screening methods. The multiphasic nature of wear in cementless joints has been illustrated: a wear-in period, followed by a steady-state phase, until a head-roughening event causes a rapid wear period.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed2004

Risk factors for renal cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk factors for renal cysts in a large population-based health survey, as we previously reported that the prevalence of renal cyst increases with age, there is a difference in incidence between the sexes and other studies show an association between renal cysts and hypertension. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were collected on 17 914 individuals who participated in a multiphase health-screening programme at our institution in 2000. Ultrasonography was used for diagnosing renal cysts. Logistic analysis was used to examine various risk factors for renal cyst, including sex, age, serum creatinine, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habits. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure of > 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure of > 90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive medication. In 45 patients with renal cysts who were followed for a mean (range) of 6 (4-7) years the sequential changes in the size of the cysts and the systolic blood pressure were plotted in relation to age. The relationship of the mean changes in these variables was also examined. RESULTS: The prevalence of renal cysts was 9.9%, ranging from 3.8% for subjects in their third decade to 18.5% in their sixth. Cysts were detected in 13.0% of men and 5.8% of women (P < 0.001). The mean serum creatinine was 83 mg/L in those with cysts and 76 mg/L in those without (P < 0.001); the respective mean systolic blood pressure was 123 and 118 mmHg (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (P < 0.001), sex (P < 0.001), hypertension (P = 0.0022) and serum creatinine (P = 0.021) had a significant influence on the occurrence of renal cysts. Enlargement of the cysts was not correlated with the increase in blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for a renal cyst are age, male gender, renal dysfunction and hypertension. Hypertension might cause renal dysfunction, which leads to the development of renal cysts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Oral health status in relation to socioeconomic and ethnic characteristics of urban adults in the U.S.A.

Nearly 1,300 adult members of a prepaid medical group plan in New York City were screened through automated multiphasic health testing in a series of test stations including a dental station, during 1971-1973. Oral status indicators were developed including a number of missing teeth, scores to measure levels of gingival and periodontal disease, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index scores, and ratios of decayed teeth. Ratios of filled teeth were calculated to measure levels of restorative care. The present paper examines the interrelationships of economic status, education and ethnic origin with each of the above oral status measures. It was found that variations in ratios of decayed and of filled teeth were primarily due to economic status while variations in a number of missing teeth, oral hygiene levels and levels of gingival and periodontal diseases were primarily due to screenees' educational level. Ethnic group differences could be explained in part by differences among these groups in economic and and educational levels. There were no consistent ethnic patterns, however, and while some differences could be explained by controlling for education and economic status, others persisted.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of drinking on correlations between biochemical variables.

Several clinical laboratory tests correlate with alcohol consumption, for example, the plasma activities of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the concentrations of triglycerides (TG) and uric acid (UA) and the erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The correlations of these test results with each other have been studied in a population of men attending a multiphasic health-screening centre. The patterns of correlation were of two types: those between the pairs of variables GGT/TG/UA, TG/AST, and TG/UA were all unchanged as the level of alcohol consumption increased; the pairs of variables GGT/MCV, UA/AST, AST/MCV, UA/MCV, and GGT/AST all became more highly correlated as the level of alcohol consumption increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Smoking--I. Smoking habits, number of cigarettes smoked].

A multiphase, oncologic, population screening was carried out in 5.555 residents (91% of the expected number) over 40 years of age, from three districts of the community of Mali Idos. The poll showed that 83.1% of males and 21.9% of females are familiar with smoking (ex-smokers or active smokers); 45.7% of males and 11.6% of females are active and 37.4% of males and 10.3% of females are exsmokers; 314 residents--11% of males and 1.3% of females smoke more than one pack of cigarettes daily; some of them smoke more than 60, 80, even 100 cigarettes daily. In two age groups (40-44, 45-49) 100% of male respondents is familiar with smoking; in the group over 75 years of age this percent is reduced to one third (21.8%). We can conclude that the distribution of smoking in this population differed in the middle and in the second half of the century.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Screening for occupational health hazards in the rubber industry. Part I.

Multiphasic health testing (MHT) is often offered to populations of workers usually with the objective of identifying individuals who may be ill. Results are typically not analyzed in relation to estimates of workplace exposure. We describe the results of combining MHT with industrial hygiene assessment of workplace exposures as a method of identifying possible health hazards rather than merely potentially ill individuals. MHT was offered to all production and maintenance workers employed at a tire manufacturing plant. Of 954, 744 participated. We measured worker exposure to respirable particulates, solvent vapor, and noise. We computed the frequency of positive screens among workers classified by exposure and compared these frequencies with expected values adjusted for confounding variables including age, sex, race, and smoking and drinking habits. Workers exposed to higher concentrations of respirable particulates exhibited signs of respiratory and gastrointestinal morbidity. Workers exposed to emissions from heated, uncured rubber undergoing plastic deformation reported chest tightness on return to work. We conclude that combining MHT with assessment of workplace exposure is a valid method for identifying possible occupational health hazards.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed1992

[Bladder tumors detected by transabdominal ultrasonography in the multiphasic health testing and services].

From August, 1989 to July, 1991, we carried out transabdominal ultrasonography for screening of abdominal and pelvic disease in regular health check-up at Mito Saiseikai Hospital. Of 5,706 screened examinees were ultrasonographically suspected of bladder tumor and subsequently received a cystoscopic examination. Cystoscopy confirmed bladder tumors in 9 of the 11 patients. Eight of the 9 cases showed no urological symptoms, while the remaining 1 case showed microscopic hematuria objectively. All of the 9 cases revealed a transitional cell carcinoma of low grade and low stage. The smallest tumor detected by ultrasonography was 5 mm in diameter. Transabdominal ultrasonography proved useful for diagnosis of the bladder tumor at its early stage in the mass screening. Therefore, it is recommended to perform lower abdominal ultrasonography as a routine examination of the multiphasic health testing and services.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Hypospadias: incidence and effects on psychosexual development as evaluated with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory test in a sample of 11,649 young Italian men.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the incidence of hypospadias and its effects on psychosexual development in a sample of 11,649 young Italian males. Over the last 30 years only about 30 major publications have addressed these issues and the results of many studies have been contrasting. Some defects in methodology, such as low response rates, heterogeneity of age ranges and the choice of controls, have been the main limitations. Our study was designed to take these problems into account. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two hypospadic subjects and a random sample of 500 nonaffected males selected from the large sample of 11,649 young men (>90% of the 18-year-old males living in the Italian region of Tuscany) were screened by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) test, psychological interview and clinical evaluation. RESULTS: The incidence of hypospadias in this representative group of Italian men is 3.6/1,000. No difference was noted in the percentage with altered MMPI compared with the control group. The age at surgical corrections and the number of operations are not related to an abnormal global psychological adjustment. Severity of disease influences a more negative genital appraisal and the number of operations is correlated only with more difficulty in initiating contact with the opposite sex. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery for hypospadias has to be strongly pursued in as many cases as possible. In addition, we strongly recommend following up all hypospadics, independently of the severity of their genital malformations, through adolescence to early adulthood, to ensure early detection of subjects with impaired psychological profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Screening for occupational health hazards in the rubber industry. Part II: health hazards in the curing department.

Multiphasic health testing was provided to 744 rubber workers at a tire manufacturing plant. Sixty-two white males from this population had worked longest in the curing department. Personal exposure to respirable particulates was measured for curing press operators. Outcome on screening tests for curing workers was compared with that of 280 white males at this same plant who had never worked in departments known to include jobs where they could have been exposed to respiratory health hazards. Employment in the curing department is associated with shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheeze, loss of FEV-1 and FVC, decline of FEV-1/FVC, and tingling and numbness in the extremities. These associations are stronger with increased duration of employment in the curing department. This paper further demonstrates the potential for using multiphasic health testing combined with measurements of workplace exposure for identifying occupational health hazards.

Adult↗