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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Hyperkinetic syndrome. Approaches to an integrated theory and research program I].

The present state of empirical psychological research in many areas can be characterized by disintegration, partialisation and theoretical emptiness accompanied by continually rising research expenditures. It will be argued here that the Hyperkinesis-Syndrome ( HKS ) provides a typical example of this unhappy state of psychological research, but on the other hand seems to be amenable to the conception of the strategies of systematic development of theories discussed elsewhere from a philosophy of science's view. In accordance with this conception, after a preliminary characterization and some fundamental reflexions an analysis of the findings of the most important HKS -conceptions will be carried out (Part I). For the results of this analysis rudiments of theoretical explanations (in the sense of the model of explaining laws) and suppositional explanations will be developed and--as a base for a general HKS -theory--presented for discussion (Part II). At the same time considerations for the creation of a corresponding HKS -research program will be submitted.

Arousal↗
PubMed1994

[Vaccine coverage after integration of a vaccination program in a health center].

OBJECTIVE: To find the variation in the vaccinal coverage of two-year old children after incorporating the vaccination programme into the Health Centre's activities. DESIGN: An analytical observation study of cases and check-ups. SETTING: Primary Care. An urban Health Centre in Badajoz. PATIENTS: Two random samples of 150 children. The Study Group (SG) was composed of children who began their vaccinations at the Health Centre after the incorporation of the vaccination programme. The Control Group (CG) was made up of children who were over 18 months old at the start of the vaccinal programme (October 1990) and therefore received their vaccinations outside the Health Centre. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 84.8% of the CG childrens correctly completed the vaccination programme as against 98.7% of the SG (p < 0.01). 99.3% of the SG children had the triple viral vaccination as against 95.2% of the CG (p < 0.05). 99.3% of the SG completed three DTP-Polio vaccinations as against 93.1% CG (p < 0.01). And 98.7% SG had four DT-Polio as against 86.9% CG (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The level of vaccinal coverage of the under-two population improved after the vaccination programme was incorporated into the Health Centre's activities, data which supports the usefulness and appropriateness of such a programme.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Integration of the Expanded Program on Immunization into primary health care: examples of Benin and Guinea].

Since 1986, two West African countries have been delivering immunizations within the framework of reorganized peripheral health systems. This revitalization is based on strategies which are implemented by an increasing number of African countries under the name "Bamako Initiative". It aims at providing universal access to a minimum package of maternal and child health priority interventions starting with immunizations, pre and perinatal care, oral rehydration for diarrhoea, treatment of malaria and acute lower respiratory infections. Within this package, immunization has been given high priority. Several strategies aimed at improving immunization coverage have been implemented: services have been reorganized so that any child or woman making contact with the health system receives immunization if needed. Health information systems have been revised so as to allow for active individual follow up and better management of health centre resources. Health staff have been given training in management and a biannual monitoring/microplanning process at health centre level has been introduced. The goal of monitoring is to enable health personnel to identify the obstacles to attaining optimum coverages with the priority interventions and to select locally appropriate corrective strategies. Health centres have also been provided with a motorcycle allowing for regular outreach activities. To cover the running costs of the services (mainly restocking of drugs, running and maintenance of the cold chain and the motorbike, and staff incentives), financial contribution from local communities have been sought through a fee-for-treatment system. Prices have been set at an affordable level by limiting the number of drugs to a minimal list purchased under generic names by international tendering procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Benin↗
PubMed1996

[Gender and health policies for Latin American women: Peru. II].

This study includes a presentation and analysis about the woman's problematic. It considers the woman social condition concording to the androgynors ideology of the society. Briefly it presents a historical evolution of the woman in accord with the gender analysis. It presents too, an analysis of the health and the public politics in relation to the woman in Latin America, mainly in Peru, since the Incanato period, justifying the motives of the formulation and implementation of the Family Planning Program, the Responsable Paternity Program and Child and Mother Atention Program. Finally, this study considers the importance of integral projects, programs and health politics and not only considering the women's reproduction.

Child↗
PubMed2002

The administration of hospital-based services.

Hospital-based child psychiatric services have evolved rapidly in the past 15 years from stand-alone programs to integrated systems linked internally and externally. This evolution has occurred under the pressure of changing treatment technologies, organizational philosophies, and financing strategies. This article provides a brief overview of administrative concepts and functions, followed by descriptions of administrative issues related to specific programs and their integration into a coherent service. The specific services include specialized child inpatient and partial hospital programs, crisis intervention service, and consultation/liaison service.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Ty1 retrotransposition and programmed +1 ribosomal frameshifting require the integrity of the protein synthetic translocation step.

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is utilized by a number of RNA viruses to ensure the correct ratio of viral structural to enzymatic proteins for viral particle assembly. Altering frameshifting efficiencies upsets this ratio, inhibiting virus propagation. Two yeast viruses that induce host cell ribosomes to shift translational reading frame were used as tools to explore the interactions between viruses and host cellular protein synthetic machinery. Previous studies showed that the ribosome-inactivating protein pokeweed antiviral protein specifically inhibited propagation of the Ty1 retrotransposable element of yeast as a consequence of inhibition of programmed +1 ribosomal frameshifting. Here, complementary genetic and pharmacological approaches were employed to test whether inhibition of Ty1 retrotransposition is a general feature of alterations in the translocation step of elongation and +1 frameshifting. The results demonstrate that cells harboring a variety of mutant alleles of two host-encoded proteins that are involved in translocation, eukaryotic elongation factor-2 and the ribosome-associated protein RPP0, have Ty1 propagation defects. We also show that sordarin, a fungus-specific inhibitor of eEF-2 function, specifically inhibits programmed +1 ribosomal frameshifting and Ty1 retrotransposition. These findings serve to link inhibition of Ty1 retrotransposition and +1 frameshifting to changes in the translocation step of elongation.

Frameshifting, Ribosomal↗
PubMed2001

Integrated control of oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in peach orchards using insecticide and mating disruption.

The efficacy of an integrated and a conventional oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), control program was compared using 4-ha blocks of peach at three Niagara Peninsula farms during 1997-1999. In the integrated program, chlorpyrifos was used to control first-generation larvae and mating disruption using Isomate M100 pheromone dispensers was used to control the second and third generations. In the conventional program, chlorpyrifos was used to control first-generation larvae and pyrethroids were used to control larvae of the later generations. The average release rate of pheromone was 23.7-26.4 mg/ha/h over a period of 86-91 d. The pheromone treatment reduced the capture of moths in pheromone-baited traps on average by 98%, suggesting a high level of disruption. The integrated program provided control of oriental fruit moth similar to the control provided by a conventional program. The mean percentage of peach shoots infested with first- and second-generation larvae, and fruit infested with third-generation larvae was not significantly greater in the integrated-program blocks during the 3-yr study. The elimination of insecticide sprays from the integrated-program blocks did not result in an increase in damage caused by plant bugs. The incidence of damage caused by other pests was negligible in both the integrated and conventional blocks.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Best practices for an integrated population health management (PHM) program.

Large employers are beginning to create much more robust and potentially effective systems of integrated health management interventions. This organization-wide activity is referred to as a "Population Health Management" (PHM) approach. Best practices are also beginning to emerge in this area, and a number of technical developments are helping shape the patterns of response from innovative employers. This initiative is rapidly emerging as a critical part of overall business and health care strategy.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed2002

Home gardens focusing on the production of yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables increase the serum retinol concentrations of 2-5-y-old children in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Production of yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables at the household level may provide economically deprived households with direct access to provitamin A-rich foods. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether the dietary intake of yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables and the serum retinol concentrations of children improve with a home-gardening program. DESIGN: A home-gardening program was integrated with a community-based growth-monitoring system in a rural village. Cross-sectional data were collected at baseline and 20 mo after implementation of the program. The dietary intake, serum retinol concentrations, and growth of 2-5-y-old children and maternal knowledge regarding vitamin A were determined. A neighboring village served as a control village. RESULTS: In the experimental village, 126 home gardens were established, representing approximately one-third of the households. Serum retinol concentrations in the experimental village increased significantly (P = 0.0078), whereas those in the control village decreased significantly (P = 0.0148). At follow-up, children from the experimental village consumed yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables more often and had significantly higher (P = 0.005) serum retinol concentrations (0.81 +/- 0.22 micro mol/L; n = 110) than did children from the control village (0.73 +/- 0.19 micro mol/L; n = 111). Maternal knowledge regarding vitamin A improved significantly in the experimental village (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: A home-gardening program that was integrated with a primary health care activity, linked to nutrition education, and focused on the production of yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables significantly improved the vitamin A status of 2-5-y-old children in a rural village in South Africa.

Adult↗