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PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal lipomatosis, cause of intestinal intussusception. A case report].

We report the case of a 32-year old female without previous illness. At hospital admission she reported having four days with clinical symptoms such as: intense abdominal pain, gastric vomit, and feces absence. At physical examination, mass in lower quadrant, non-mobile, and painless. Normal laboratory results. Abdominal radiologic studies and ultrasound with 10 x 12 cm mass. The patient was with acute appendicitis diagnosis and laparotomy was done. Transoperatory finding was: ileo-ileal necrotic intussusception. Intestinal resection and anastomosis were performed. Postoperatory evolution was normal. Pathologic study reported: multiple intestinal lipomatosis, mucous erosion, and acute inflammatory process. Frequency of this uncommon pathology is analyzed in the world literature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ectopic intestinal varices in cirrhotic patients; an infrequent cause of severe intestinal bleeding].

We report on a cirrhotic patient, with history of colecistectomy, admitted for acute digestive bleeding. Esogastric causes were excluded by endoscopy; due to continuous hemorrhage, the patient was operated in the next 20 hours. The cause was established during the operation; solitary omfalo-enteric varices, with active vascular fistula. Preoperative etiology of acute intestinal bleeding may be difficult to establish, sometimes even during the surgical intervention. We comment upon rare causes of acute intestinal bleeding, mainly ectopic varices determined by portal hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Transcriptional profiles of intestinal tumors in Apc(Min) mice are unique from those of embryonic intestine and identify novel gene targets dysregulated in human colorectal tumors.

The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor is a major regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway in normal intestinal epithelium. APC, in conjunction with AXIN and GSK-3beta, forms a complex necessary for the degradation of beta-catenin, thereby preventing beta-catenin/T-cell factor interaction and alteration of growth-controlling genes such as c-MYC and cyclin D1. Inappropriate activation of the Wnt pathway, via Apc/APC mutation, leads to gastrointestinal tumor formation in both the mouse and human. In order to discover novel genes that may contribute to tumor progression in the gastrointestinal tract, we used cDNA microarrays to identify 114 genes with altered levels of expression in Apc(Min) mouse adenomas from the duodenum, jejunum, and colon. Changes in the expression of 24 of these 114 genes were not observed during mouse development at embryonic day 16.5, postnatal day 1, or postnatal day 14 (relative to normal adult intestine). These 24 genes are not previously known Wnt targets. Seven genes were validated by real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis, whereas four genes were validated by in situ hybridization to mouse adenomas. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis of human colorectal cancer cell lines and adenocarcinomas revealed that altered expression levels were also observed for six of the genes Igfbp5, Lcn2, Ly6d, N4wbp4 (PMEPA1), S100c, and Sox4.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal parasitoses in a village of Côte d'Ivoire. II: Relationship between intestinal parasitoses, physical and physiological development and child nutrition].

In a village situated at the border of the Ebrié lagoon, with economical problems, 343 school and preschool children, aged 4 to 15 (195 boys and 148 girls), considered by the school and their families to be in good health, were submitted for clinical and coproparasitologic examination. Basic clinical tests, anthropometric examination, spleen rate, nutrition status assessment (brachial perimeter of children aged 4 to 10 years) and the puberty level evaluation (using Tanner's scale) were independently completed. Splenomegaly rate among children between 4 and 9 years old was particularly important (78.0 %). Intestinal parasites were found in 84.8% of cases during the first examination (70.4% of children were diagnosed with multiple parasitosis). The most frequent parasite identified was Ascaris lumbricoides, being in 62.1 % of the cases, with a parasitic intensity between 1.000 and 52.000 OPG and worm burden between 1 and 16. According to the age, the highest prevalence of A. lumbricoides was higher (78.6 %) in children between 7 and 10 years. Results of anthropometric data, interpreted using NCHS percentile chart, indicated a significant stature-ponderal underdevelopment. Thus, concerning the height, 22.7% of all children were below normal value (below the 5th percentile), 74.3% between normal values and only 2.9% were above the 95th percentile. Among the 255 children with values between the normal limits, 73.7% (more than two thirds) were in the lower half, below the 50th percentile and only 26.3% (less than one third) were between the 50th and 95th percentile. According to the weight, 20.7% of children were below the normal value (below the 5th percentile), 77.8% had normal weight and 1.5% were above the 95th percentile. Even among children with normal weight, two thirds were in the lower half, below the 50th percentile. The underdevelopment was more evident after 9 years of age, particularly in girls. This coincided with higher rates of infection with roundworms. Regarding the nutritional status, 76.9% of the boys and 77.2% of the girls had a lower brachial perimeter than normal data, most frequently by one or two centimeters. A deficit of 3 to 4 cm. was found in 16.2% of the children, and it was higher among girls. The evaluation of pubertal development highlighted a certain delay in girls aged 10 to 12, with a preadolescence state of 76.0 % at age 10, 20.0 % at age 11 and 15.8 % at age 12. Between 13 and 15 years of age, all girls began pubertal development, but none reached Tanner's stage 5. It is concluded that the highest intestinal parasitism (particularly roundworms) can have a negative effect on the staturo-ponderal development of children, their nutrition status and pubertal development. Paludism and alimentary deficiencies have to be also considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Intestinal ischaemia--consequence of intestinal malrotation].

The subsets of acute intestinal ischaemia include mesenterica arterial occlusion, venous thrombosis and non-occlusive mesenteric ischaemia. Advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment, prognostic problems are associated still in mortality rates of more than 60%. Early diagnosis is the first in possibility for better prognosis. In our article is case one young man with acute non-occlusive intestinal ischaemia described, diagnosis and treatment. Mucosal surface necrosis and hemorrhage was supposed, sepsis was expected, mucosal regeneration after ten days surprising. While changes on the bowel were hard to decide to resection, there are bioptic picture of mucosal layer in the time described (Fig. 5-9). We have written about similar case of young man with Waldayer hernia in 1999.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal parasites and the environment: frequency of intestinal parasites in children of Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina.

The frequency of intestinal parasites (IP) in 69 children between 2 and 14 years of age was studied within the city of Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina in relation to socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions. Soil type was determined and contamination with IP was investigated in 75 soil samples. Frequency of IP in children was 50.7%. Blastocystis hominis was the most frequent species (24.6%). Simultaneous infection with 2 to 4 species was found in 47,5% of the infected children. Statistical association was found between parasitic infection and family hygienic level (p < 0.001). Socioeconomic level was defined as lower middle class, however, infrastructure and public services were adequate. The climate is continental semiarid and the soil is sandy with a low organic matter level. Intestinal protozoan organisms were found in 33.3% of soil samples and Sarcocystis sp. was the most frequent species (14.6%). The parasites present in soil are related to the environmental conditions that allow their viability and development. Socioeconomic and cultural factors are important for the appearance and spread of IP in communities where sanitary conditions and infrastructure are adequate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A study of the evacuatory function of the small and large intestines using the dynamic scintigraphic method in inflammatory diseases of the intestines].

Intestinal and colon evacuatory function was studied in 10 patients without pathology of the digestive organs and in 66 patients with chronic colitis. This method allows adequate assessment of the state of the hepatobiliary system, intestinal and colon evacuatory function without additional radiation exposure of the examinees and personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cytotoxicity of ricinoleic acid (castor oil) and other intestinal secretagogues on isolated intestinal epithelial cells.

Epithelial cells were isolated from hamster small intestine by a technique of vibration and used to measure cytotoxicity in vitro of certain substances known to stimulate intestinal fluid secretion. These secretagogues have laxative properties and produce mucosal damage in vivo. Compounds tested were ricinoleic acid (caster oil), dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, oleic acid, sodium deoxycholate and sodium cholate. Cytotoxicity was assessed by: 1) exclusion of trypan blue; 2) release of intracellular (prelabeled) 51Cr; and 3) inhibition of cellular uptake of 3-O-methylglucose. Ricinoleate produced a dose-dependent (0.1-2.0 mM) cytotoxicity as assessed by all three methods. Oleic acid, a nonhydroxylated analog of ricinoleate, was less potent. The dihydroxy bile acid, deoxycholate, was equipotent with ricinoleate, was less potent. The dihydroxy bile acid, deoxycholate, was equipotent with ricinoleate but its trihydroxy congener, cholate, was less potent. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate had cytotoxicity similar in magnitude to that of ricinoleate and deoxycholate. Cytotoxicity of these agents to isolated cells may relate to their secretory potential in vivo, their abilities to produce structural change at the mucosal surface and their laxative properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Acidity and intestinal bacteria: an in-vitro assessment of the bactericidal activity of hydrochloric acid on intestinal pathogens.

The bactericidal activity of hydrochloric acid (HCl) on different intestinal bacteria was evaluated at various pH values and time intervals. The effect of HCl was highest at pH 2 and pH 3 on strains of Campylobacter jejuni, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp., producing complete killing after 60 min incubation. However, at higher pH values (pH 4 and above), these organisms not only survived but they also showed evidence of rapid multiplication. In contrast, clinical and standard strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to all the pH values. Highest sensitivity to HCl was observed with strains of Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp. It is conceivable that patients with normal gastric acidity should not suffer from gastroenteritis caused by these intestinal pathogens.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of cancer of the large intestine, complicated by intestinal obstruction].

Retrospective analysis of the treatment of 3,080 patients with cancer of the large intestine made it possible to distinguish compensated, sub- and decompensated degrees of the neoplastic stenosis and place the two last named into the category of a complicated course of cancer. In subcompensated stenosis (complications in 16.3% of cases, mortality 5.9%), irrespective of the location of the tumor, the authors consider one-stage intervention with primary restoration of the continuity of the intestine to be the operation of choice. In decompensated stenosis (complications 28.9%, mortality 13.2%) caused by tumors of the right colon and the rectum they recommend a similar policy, while in tumors of the left colon they believe Hartmann's operation to be indicated.

Colectomy↗
PubMed1987

Changes of localization of lectin-binding sites on the intestinal epithelial cell surface membrane during differentiation of the columnar intestinal cells.

Light and electron microscopically localizations of Concanavalin A, Soybean Agglutinin, and Asparagus Pea Lectin-binding sites on the intestinal microvillous membrane were studied by means of horseradish peroxidase labelled lectins. The distribution of the lectin-binding sites was composed with the cell differentiation from the crypts to the tip of the intestinal villi. The visualization of lectin receptors in the mucin vesicles in the goblet cells was established as well. The controls for the determination of the specificity of reactions were carried out.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Polyethylene glycol polymers of low molecular weight as probes of intestinal permeability. II. Application to infants and children with intestinal disease.

We used a mixture of low molecular weight polymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to study intestinal permeability in children with chronic diarrhea. After an oral load, urinary recovery of the longer chain, higher molecular weight polymers was significantly decreased compared with that in healthy adults and infants without disease of the gastrointestinal mucosa. A correlation was observed between clinical severity of disease, histopathologic condition of the small bowel mucosa, and PEG scores. These results indicate that intestinal permeability in children can be studied by noninvasive means and that an assessment of mucosal integrity can be obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Pancreatic and intestinal adaptation following proximal or distal resection of the small intestine in the rat].

The comparative effect of a 50% proximal or distal enterectomy on the exocrine pancreas and the remaining intestine has been studied in the rat one month after operation. Distal enterectomy induces (1) growth of the pancreas, characterized by a parallel increase in pancreatic weight, protein, DNA, RNA, amylase, lipase and chymotrypsin content, (2) preferential adaptation of the remaining ileum. Proximal enterectomy did not modify the pancreatic parameters studied but brings about an adaptation of the duodenum, the remaining jejunum and the ileum. It is concluded that pancreatic and intestinal adaptations differ after proximal and distal enterectomy.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1979

Effect of intestinal flagellate Spironucleus (Hexamita) muris and of dimetridazole on intestinal microflora in thymus-defficient (nude) mice.

Two groups of the intestinal microflora, the lactobacilli and the coliforms, were examined in thymus-deficient (nude) mice during the development of an experimental infection with the intestinal flagellate Spironucleus (Hexamita) muris and during the treatment with dimetridazole. The observed significant decrease in the number of lactobacilli under infection was probably due to the fact that the protozoan parasite fed on the microbes. Dimetridazole (0.3% in drinking water) did not influence the quantity of the lactobacilli but, owing to its selective killing of anaerobes and the lack of their antagonistic activity, a 100- to 1000-fold rise in the number of coliform microbes was observed. No of the drugs tested (dimetridazole, ornidazole, metronidazole, tinidazole, carbimazole BP and chlormethoxy-acridilamino-diethylamino-propanol-dihydrochliorde) was fully successful in the treatment of experimental spironucleosis in mice (Kunstýr, 1978) and it is suggested that recent reports on the therapeutic success of tinidazole in human giardiasis be treated with caution.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[New radiological aspects of the intestinal mucosa in celiac sprue: injection of barium into the intestinal glands].

The radiologic findings are described of mucosal folds thickening in coeliac sprue in patients with short clinical history. Moreover attention is pointed on the flattening of the valves and the thinning of the intestinal walls which appear in dilated segments in cases with evident clinical findings. Finally in patients with long standing clinical manifestations and histologic positive controls, a thin spiculation of intestinal outlines and a dotted mucosal surface are visible, probably due to the filling of the Lieberkühn glands with contrast medium.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1968

Transfer of locally synthesized cholesterol from intestinal wall to intestinal lymph.

The cholesterol-fed rat subjected to cannulation of the intestinal lymph duct and injected with acetate-2-(14)C has been utilized for a study of the mechanism by which cholesterol synthesized in the intestinal wall gains access to the circulation. It has been concluded that locally synthesized cholesterol is excreted bidirectionally, approximately half going into the lymph and half into the lumen. Furthermore, under the conditions of these experiments, little of the luminal cholesterol appears to be reabsorbed, which suggests that direct transfer from wall to lymph is the principal route for the entry of this endogenously derived cholesterol pool into the lymph and ultimately into the blood stream. Finally, it has been demonstrated that bile is required for this transfer of cholesterol from wall to lymph as well as for the absorption of dietary cholesterol.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

[Extrachromosomal antibiotic resistance of the intestinal bacterial flora. II. The role of resistance acquired by endogenous intestinal bacterial flora (author's transl)].

In a previous paper, we have shown that multiple resistant bacteria in the human gut flora may have two origins: firstly, through food which carries resistant bacteria and secondly, our present study, resident intestinal bacteria which become resistant to antibiotics, either because they are chromosomic mutant or because they acquire resistance plasmid from an exogen strain. In all cases these resistant bacteria can implant and multiply in the gut only if there are disorders in the normal bacterial equilibrium. Antibiotherapy can create this inbalance and especially if it is not carefully followed up: it selects resistant bacteria, allows their implantation, and promotes plasmid R transfer. The resistant bacteria are able, in some cases, to spread out from the intestinal tract and give rise to further infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Oral intestinal vaccines and their effectiveness in the rabbit intestinal loop model. III. Effectiveness of oral immunization with live and chemical vaccines].

The effectiveness of the oral immunization of rabbits was manifested by a decrease in the number of virulent Shigella penetrating enterocytes, by the limited proliferation of bacteria in the epithelium and by the less pronounced ulcerous inflammation of the mucous membrane in the intestinal loops even after infection with large doses (10(9) bacteria). In electron microscopy this was manifested by the destruction of Shigella cells in heterophagosomes formed in enterocytes. The degree of fluid accumulation in the injected intestinal loops of immunized animals did not correlate either with the manifest morphological changes, or with the level of serum antibodies. The effectiveness of immunization was more pronounced after the introduction of smaller doses of virulent Shigella (10(7)-10(8) bacteria), when even Boivin's vaccine, though less effective, led to a decrease in the number of Shigella cells penetrating enterocytes, prevented their proliferation in the epithelium, its destruction and the development of inflammation.

Administration, Oral↗