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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Spauligodon ovifilus n. sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) and other helminths from Diplodactylus stenodactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Australia.

Spauligodon ovifilus n. sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) from the large intestines of the gecko Diplodactylus stenodactylus is described and illustrated. Prevalence of infection was 50% (mean intensity 5.9 +/- 6.3, range 1-21). Spauligodon ovifilus n. sp. represents the thirty-fifth species to be assigned to this genus and is distinguished by the extremely long filament of the egg. This is the first report of species of Spauligodon from Australia. In addition, 1 gecko harbored 1 female of Wanaristrongylus papangawurpae, a new host record; 1 gecko harbored 1 encapsulated larva of Abbreviata sp. Review of species assigned to Spauligodon caused the reclassification of Spauligodon azerbajdzanicus to Skrjabinodon azerbajdzanicus n. comb.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Sarcocystis speeri N. sp. (Protozoa: Sarcocystidae) from the opossum (Didelphis virginiana).

The North American opossum (Didelphis virginiana) is host to at least 3 species of Sarcocystis: Sarcocystisfalcatula, Sarcocystis neurona, and a recently recognized Sarcocystis sp. A new name, Sarcocystis speeri, is proposed for the third unnamed Sarcocystis. Immunodeficient mice are an experimental intermediate host for S. speeri. Sarcocystis speeri sporocysts are 12-15 x 8-10 microm in size, and its schizonts are found in many organs of mice. Sarcocysts of S. speeri are found in skeletal muscles and they are up to 5 mm long and filiform. By light microscopy, the sarcocyst wall is thin (<1 microm thick); ultrastructurally, the cyst wall is up to 1.8 microm thick and has characteristic steeple-shaped villar protrusions surmounted by a spire. Sarcocystis speeri schizonts are morphologically and antigenically distinct from schizonts of S. neurona, and S. speeri sporocysts were not infective to budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Recovery of Trichuris tenuis Chandler, 1930, from camelids (Lama glama and Vicugna vicugna) in Argentina.

A survey of whipworms was conducted in llamas and vicuñas in northwestern Argentina. Fecal examinations of a group of 14 llamas (April 1995-March 1996) and 69 vicuñas (November 1996) indicated a high prevalence (usually >50%) of Trichuris sp. in these hosts. Prevalence was highest during July-November 1995 that also coincided with the highest mean fecal egg count. During postmortem examinations of 1 llama and 1 vicuña, specimens of Trichuris tenuis were recovered from the cecum/large intestine of each camelid. This is the first report of T. tenuis in South America, and the first report in the vicuña. It is suggested that T. tenuis is the typical whipworm of aboriginal camelids.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Diarrhea associated with trichomonosis in cats.

OBJECTIVE: To establish clinical features, course of illness, and treatment outcome of cats with diarrhea and concurrent infection with Trichomonas organisms. Prevalence of fecal trichomonads in a geographically comparable population of healthy indoor and feral cats also was assessed. DESIGN: Longitudinal study and a cohort study. ANIMALS: 32 cats with diarrhea and naturally acquired trichomonosis that were native to North Carolina, Virginia, Connecticut, and Tennessee; 20 healthy indoor cats; and 100 feral cats. PROCEDURE: Trichomonosis was diagnosed in 32 cats by identification of organisms in fresh feces or by protozoal culture of feces. RESULTS: Diarrhea associated with the large intestine and trichomonosis were diagnosed in 32 cats. Median age of the cats was 9 months; 23 cats were < or = 1 year old at the time of diagnosis. Two cats developed diarrhea accompanied by infection with Trichomonas organisms after the addition of an infected kitten into the home. Duration of diarrhea ranged from 2 days to 3 years. Six cats had a coexisting enteric infection. Treatment with antimicrobials improved fecal consistency and reduced the number of flagellates in the feces, but did not eliminate infection. Diarrhea (with microscopically detectable flagellates) was observed shortly after antibiotics were discontinued. Trichomonads were not recovered from feces of any healthy indoor or feral cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our findings suggest that trichomonosis may be a cofactor in development of diarrhea in young cats. Trichomonas organisms were not identified as part of the indiginous fauna of healthy indoor or feral cats.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Morphogenesis and distribution of Trichostrongylus retortaeformis in the intestine of the rabbit.

The morphogenesis and the distribution along the digestive tract of Trichostrongylus retortaeformis(Zeder, 1800) (Nematoda) were studied in detail in one of its natural hosts, Oryctolagus cuniculus. Worm-free rabbits were each infected with T. retortaeformis larvae and were killed at 12 h post-infection (HPI) and on each day from 1 to 15 days post-infection (DPI). The distribution of worm populations along the small intestine was assessed. At the different dates of infection, more than 80% of the population was recovered from the first third of the intestine with more than 50% occurring in the first 30 cm. For each date, morphological descriptions of the different stages of the life cycle were also provided. In addition, adult worms collected from naturally infected rabbits from France were redescribed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Small intestinal mucosal biopsy for investigation of diarrhea and malabsorption in adults.

The use of small intestinal biopsy for diagnosis in diarrhea and suspected malabsorption depends on an optimal interaction between the clinician-endoscopist and the pathologist. This necessitates open and interactive communication between involved physicians and an appreciation for correct tissue handling and biopsy orientation in the endoscopy unit and the pathology laboratory. Classification of biopsy changes on the basis of architectural abnormalities in the small intestinal biopsy may be helpful in defining the diagnosis and include severe (flat) or variably severe (mild or moderate) abnormalities. For some small intestinal disorders that are characterized by diarrhea or malabsorption, the biopsy findings may be distinctive and lead to a specific diagnosis. For others, like celiac disease, the changes are less specific, and it has become better recognized that an increasing number of conditions can produce similar histopathologic changes. Definition of typical gluten-sensitive biopsy changes in this disorder is critical.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Neutrophil migration stimulates rat intestinal epithelial cell cytokine expression during helminth infection.

We are interested in understanding the role of epithelial cells during inflammation, and we previously reported that rat small intestinal epithelial cells express interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) during infection by Trichinella spiralis. We now report that the epithelium also produces the potent neutrophil chemotactic factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and an IL-1 antagonist: the type II IL-1 receptor. Consequently we investigated the pattern of neutrophil infiltration into the infected intestine, which closely paralleled the epithelial cytokine expression. Speculating that neutrophil infiltration may provoke epithelial cytokine expression, neutrophil migration into the infected gut was reduced by depleting circulating cells through the use of a specific antibody, or by preventing migration through the use of a function-blocking anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody. Either treatment reduced the number of neutrophils recoverable from the small intestinal epithelium and was paralleled by reduced mRNA levels for epithelial cytokines. These results demonstrate that neutrophil infiltration of the small intestinal epithelium contributes to the stimulation of epithelial cell cytokines.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Hernia through the foramen of Winslow.

The authors present a patient who has ascarid-containing jejunum herniated through the foramen of Winslow and incarcerated. Some remarkable anatomic abnormalities were noticed upon operation. These consisted of a short ascending colon, an unusually large foramen of Winslow, and smallness of the greater omentum. Before reduction, resection of the herniated and incarcerated segment of jejunum were performed. Barium enema and swallow are valuable diagnostic acids, as well as the plain film of the abdomen, but we prefer gastrographin study. With it the dangers of perforation and peritonitis are avoided.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed2002

[Disseminated strongyloidiasis, a rare cause of multiple organ failure].

INTRODUCTION: Strongyloidiasis is an parasitic intestinal disease, frequent in tropical countries and fairly rare in temperate areas under certain conditions. Disseminated forms can provoke multivisceral damage. CASE REPORT: A 75 year-old woman, hospitalized for occlusion, developed multivisceral (cerebral, renal, cardiac pulmonary and hepatic) damage over 48 hours, attributed to strongyloidiasis. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of larvae in the tracheal and gastric aspiration fluids. Treatment combined ivermectin and albendazole. COMMENTS: Disseminated stronglyloidiasis is essentially observed in immunodepressed patients, under corticosteroids or HTLV1 carriers, although an HIV status does not appear to intervene. Larvae can be found in all the organs. Death occurs by multivisceral failure in 50 to 70% of cases. Broncho-alveolar washing and examination of the gastric fluids is the key to diagnosis. Treatment relies on thiabendazole, ivermectin or albendazole, and the symptomatic management of all the visceral deficiencies.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Anguilluliasis of the small intestine and AIDS. A case and review of the literature].

The authors report about one patient with an Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) presenting with strongyloidiasis involving the small bowel. On the basis of this observation, they describe the appearances of small bowel involvement by strongyloidiasis in patients with AIDS. They emphasize the main features differentiating these cases from the usual affection, namely the severity and diffusion of the lesions, as well as the presence of a very extensive associated lymphoid nodular hyperplasia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗