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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Conservative treatment and long term prophylactic thyroxine in the prevention of recurrence of multinodular goiter.

It has not been universally agreed upon that there is an optimum treatment for multinodular goiter and that use of thyroxine postoperatively in preventing recurrence is effective. We have studied a group of 185 patients who underwent thyroid gland operations and who were observed for a mean period of 10.25 years. Of these, 171 patients received postoperative thyroxine in a dose of 100 micrograms per day and a small group (14 patients) received no medication. In the group receiving no thyroxine, there were six recurrences, and in the group that received postoperative prophylactic thyroxine, there were nine recurrences, which is statistically significant (p = 0.003 per cent). When recurrences did occur in the thyroxine treated group they were small and easily managed by increasing the dose of thyroxine. No patient who took thyroxine postoperatively continuously underwent a second thyroidectomy. We conclude that, in this series, our policy of resecting only macroscopically pathologic thyroid tissue and prescribing prophylactic postoperative thyroxine is successful in preventing recurrent nodular goiter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Experience of the malignant complete intrathoracic goiter: discussion on 13 cases of Japan].

A 56-year-old woman was found to have a mediastinal mass on routine examination. Chest X-ray, CT scan, MRI and superior vena cavography showed a right upper mediastinal tumor invading the SVC. And it was diagnosed malignant intrathoracic goiter by histological examination by percutaneous needle biopsy. On thoracotomy and mediastinotomy, the tumor located only in the right upper mediastinum and had no relation to the cervical thyroid gland. Histological examination revealed papillary adenocarcinoma. We reported a malignant complete intrathoracic goiter and added discussion on another 12 cases seen in Japanese literature.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1990

[Survey on goiter in elementary school children in the Bisagno and Trebbia valleys (Liguro-Emilian Apennines)].

The authors have made an inquiry about school-children of two villages of Northern Appennines: Bargagli and Ottone, formerly seats of endemic goiter. The disappearance of endemic goiter in the younger generations of these villages, is in accordance with previous observations by one of the writers suggesting that sheep represent an important ecologic factor in endemic areas.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Clinico-morphological features of cancer of the thyroid gland associated with goiter and its surgical treatment].

Concomitant pathology of the thyroid was established in 244 out of 533 (45.8%) patients with primary cancer of the organ. The latter group are main contributors to the increase in thyroid cancer incidence. Slow progression and low frequency of metastatic dissemination of cancer concomitant to other thyroid pathology suggest an inhibiting effect of benign tumors, toxic goiter and autoimmune thyroiditis on growth and dissemination of cancer which is, in turn, attributed to autosensitization to unaltered thyroid antigens. In regions nonendemic for goiter, examination and surgical treatment of nodular lesions of the thyroid should be carried out in specialized surgical clinics to prevent cancer or to assure treatment at early stages of the disease. Since solitary carcinomas are extremely likely to disseminate, surgery should be supplemented with regional lymph node biopsy involving intraoperative chromothyrolymphography.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The treatment of diffuse euthyroid goiter with indomethacin].

Clinico-instrumental and hormonal investigation of 31 patients with diffuse euthyroid goiter was conducted. To test the efficacy of indometacin as an antigoitrogenic drug, these patients were given it for 2 mos. Combined examination of the patients showed the absence of thyroid decrease and changes in thyroid function against a background of indometacin monotherapy. The results point out to the fact that the drug should not be used for elimination of thyroid hyperplasia in persons with diffuse euthyroid goiter.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

["Goiters and the associated idiocy in several countries. Attempts of Vincenzo Malacarne from Saluzzo". Current interpretation of endemic cretinism].

Two hundred years ago V. Malacarne pathologist and surgeon, born in Saluzzo, a town on the foot of the Cottian Alps, published a booklet about goiter and endemic cretinism being diseases prevalent at that time in the countryside. In 1940-45 goiter epidemics spread through these still endemic regions. On the basis of his own observations on autoptic specimens he suggested that the main cause of cretinism was brain damage due to impeded blood circulation by the neck swelling, and invited the pathologists of the Po and Aosta Valleys to send him "il capo ed il collo (the head and the neck)" of these goitrous idiots for a control. Also today we believe the thyroid and the brain to contain crucial factors of cretinism, both sporadic and endemic, and we assume that iodine deficiency is the causal link between the two diseases. Yet we do not know either the factors which damage and prevent, in the myxedematous cretin, postnatal thyroid growth, or the aetiopathogenesis of the deaf-mutism, spastic paraplegia and severe mental deficiency of the neurological non hypothyroid cretin. While these questions remain unanswered, ample evidence has matured during the last two centuries regarding the practical importance of iodine prophylaxis to prevent these scourges, today referred to as "iodine deficiency disorders". Some recent findings on diencephalon inflammation in human and canine goitre are quoted.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The superior vena cava syndrome in retrosternal goiter].

A case of superior vena cava syndrome in an 82-year-old woman who had been suffering from multinodular hyperfunctioning goiter for a long time is presented. The goiter was partially intrathoracic, benign, but affecting the superior mediastinum. The patient decided not to be operated on because of personal fears and the slow growth produced developments of collateral prethoracic circulation. The etiology of superior vena cava syndrome is of malignant tumor origin in 95% of cases. This case is presented because of its rareness, and the literature is reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Simple goiter and hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Diagnosis--monitoring--treatment].

37 cases of maternal hypothyroidism in 92,130 births (0.04%) were studied: post surgical (40%) or congenital (35%) hypothyroidism or after-effects of thyroiditis (11%) or of undetermined etiology (14%). The past history of these women, shows a sterility (11%) and spontaneous abortions (18%). Substitute hormonal therapy was usually well monitored, with almost always a stable thyroid function. These pregnancies progressed without any specific problems, the children's birth weight was normal and only one presented a hypothyroidism. 94 cases of goiters (0.10%) were reported including 1 out of 3 received an inhibiting hormonal therapy. Here also the pregnancies developed without problems and there was no difference with regards to the stability of the goiter and the development of the pregnancy between treated and non-treated women. The authors insist on strict monitoring of the treatment with assays of FT3, FT4, TSH and anti-thyroid antibodies, performed one or twice per trimester. The interest of thyroid hormones assays in the amniotic fluid or the blood cord may occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical tactics in non-toxic nodular goiter].

Surgical policy in 246 cases of nodular euthyroid goiter was reviewed. Urgent histological examination of operative biopsy specimens of the removed thyroid tissue has disclosed subclinical thyroid cancer in 6.6% of the patients. The authors hold that surgical intervention is an effective measure in prophylaxis and early detection of thyroid cancer in clinical cases of nodular nontoxic goiter.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian rhythms in urinary trace element and electrolyte excretion in children with and without endemic goiter.

Six boys and six girls 11 +/- 1.5 years of age living in the endemic goiter area of Tîrgovişte, Romania were studied. Three of the children of each sex did have a palpable endemic goiter, three did not. The children followed a diurnal activity pattern synchronized by their school routine and ate their usual three meal diet. Urine was collected at 4-hour intervals over a 24 hour span (six samples). Urinary volume, pH, total (T) solids, protein, glucose, phosphorus, uric acid, urea nitrogen, creatinine, total and nondialyzable (ND) sodium and potassium were determined by conventional methods and the total and nondialyzable (ND) portion of urinary calcium, magnesium, and zinc and the ND portion of aluminum, copper, boron, lead and silicon were determined by an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The transformation of Basedow's struma into nodular goiter: a reason for recurrence of hyperthyroidism].

Graves' disease is characterized by a diffuse and homogeneously hyperfunctioning goiter, presumably caused by thyroid stimulating, TSH-receptor directed antibodies (TRAB). However, in many patients the serum concentration of TRAB is in no way parallel to the severity of the clinical course of Graves' hyperthyroidism. In particular, hyperthyroidism may persist or repeatedly relapse over many years despite the absence of high TRAB titers. The present study summarizes the existing evidence that this course of Graves' disease may be due to gradually evolving autonomously growing and functioning micro- or macronodules within the originally diffuse goiter.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On goiters and the stupidity which in some countries accompanies them. Endeavours of Vincenzo Malacarne, from Saluzzo.

Two hundred years ago, V. Malacarne, pathologist and surgeon, published a booklet entitled "Su i gozzi e sulla stupidità che in alcuni paesi gli accompagna". Malacarne was born at Saluzzo, a town at the foot of the Cottian Alps, in Western Piedmont. Goiter and endemic cretinism were prevalent at the time (1789) in the countryside. In 1940-45 goiter epidemics spread through these still endemic regions. On the basis of his own observations on autoptic material, he suggested that the main cause of cretinism was brain damage due to impeding of the blood circulation by the neck swelling, and invited the pathologists of the Po and Aosta valleys to send him the head and the neck of these goitrous idiots for his researches. Today, too, we believe the thyroid and the brain to contain crucial factors of cretinism and assume that iodine deficiency is the main cause of the disease. Yet we do not know either the factor which damages and prevents in the myxoedematous cretin postnatal thyroid growth, or the pathogenesis of deaf-mutism, spastic paraplegia and severe mental deficiency of the neurological, non-hypothyroid cretin. While these questions remain unanswered, ample evidence has been gathered during the last two centuries regarding the practical importance of iodine prophylaxis to prevent these scourges, today referred to as "iodine deficiency disorders".

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Amyloid goiter with hypothyroidism.

Whereas the microscopic infiltration of the thyroid by amyloid is a common phenomenon, significant enlargement of the gland due to the deposition of amyloid is infrequent. Amyloid goiter usually occurs as one of the unusual manifestations of systemic amyloidosis. The rapid growth associated with local pressure symptoms often suggests malignancy. In spite of the extensive infiltration of the gland by amyloid, thyroid function usually remains euthyroid. We have recently observed an unusual case of multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia in a patient who developed amyloid goiter with hypothyroidism. The amyloid material was of AA type.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of 286 patients with goiter in the Algerian People's Democratic Republic].

The paper is concerned with the results of the investigation of 286 patients with different types of thyroid pathology, operated upon by the authors over a 2-year period in the Algerian People's Democratic Republic. Of them 61.5% were patients with diffuse euthyroid goiter. The results obtained indicate that the mountainous areas of this country are goiter endemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Simple nodular goiter. Treatment of 58 cases.

The treatment of 58 cases of simple nodular goiter, over a three-year period, is reported. This study was done in the Asella Regional Hospital, situated in the Arssi Region, in the central highland of Ethiopia. This is a frequent disease in this Region, and two provinces at high risk have been identified. Simple nodular goiter masked a carcinoma in 15.4% of cases. The treatment and results are discussed in details.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Postoperative recurrence of simple goiter and replacement therapy. Study of 210 patients.

The incidence of recurrent goiter after different surgical procedures for colloid-cystic goiter has been studied in 210 patients. The results of the study confirm the high incidence of recurrence (35.7%). This incidence was shown to be higher in patients undergoing more conservative surgery. Furthermore, the incidence resulted also higher in younger patients, while it was lower after postoperative replacement therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Detection of TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins in patients with Graves' disease and non toxic goiter.

The test of TSH-binding inhibiting antibodies is proving to be very useful for diagnosis and prognosis of hyperthyroidism. The aim of this investigation was to detect, with radioreceptor assay system, the incidence of TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TIBAb) in our people. Therefore were examined sera of 19 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism (150 and 40, mean age 39.9 years, range 24-62) and 9 patients with non toxic goiter (70, 20 mean age 46.6 years, range 25-46) at the first assessment, during treatment along twelve months and after another four months at the end of drug management. 12/19 patients with Graves' syndrome were TIBAB positive (sensitivity 63%) before drug therapy. The prevalence of TIBAb in sera increased after therapy (14/19) but values at the end declined. Three patients (two with persistent high levels of TIBAb at the end of treatment) relapsed. TIBAb were negative in patients with non toxic goiter (and in all normal subjects).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of various beta-adrenolytic drugs and calcium channel blocker (nifedipine) on selected indicators of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism and simple goiter].

The study was aimed at evaluation of the effect of short-term treatment with one of the six beta adrenolytic drugs (propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, pindolol, nadolol, acebutolol) and calcium antagonist nifedipine on the values of several parameters of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in 81 patients with hyperthyroidism (14 patients with Graves' disease, and 67 patients with toxic nodular goiter), and 82 patients with simple goiter. The patients studied have been divided into seven groups, each receiving one of the investigated drugs during four days. A significant decrease in the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline was found only in the patients with hyperthyroidism receiving propranolol. This effect of propranolol on hydroxyprolinuria was not related to the degree of lowering of serum T3 concentration observed in these patients.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗