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PubMedDate not supplied

Mental health outreach program following the earthquake in Armenia: utilizing the nursing process in developing and managing the post-natural disaster plan.

This article provides a description of the eight phases of the Mental Health Outreach Program (MHOP) cofounded by the author to address the needs of the surviving community following the 1988 earthquake in Armenia. For the purposes of the MHOP, the nursing process was expanded from five to eight phases: 1) preassessment, 2) assessment, 3) analysis, 4) community diagnosis, 5) planning, 6) implementation, 7) evaluation, and 8) remodification. A framework for assessing the level of trauma in an unfamiliar community (with its mnemonic acronym COPE), which was formulated by the author to expedite the assessment and implementation phases, is described. The article concludes with a set of recommendations for psychiatric mental health nurses in mitigating the negative impact and consequences of disasters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Disaster management: lessons from immediate responses to the tsunami.

There are many lessons learnt from the immediate reactions of people in the aftermath of the vast destruction from the giant waves that hit Sri Lanka. Reactions of victims fell between extremes of resilience and helplessness. Responses of those not directly harmed illustrated the two extremes--selflessness and depravity. These responses offer insight into how we live and how we react to situations, and also to an extent how we should be reacting. Among these is that helpers should respect and involve, from the inception, the resources within the group or community affected by the disaster. Control of the relief effort to the maximum feasible extent, should be in the hands of those at whom it is directed.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Material management's role in disaster planning.

This article discusses lessons learned about disaster preparedness when the authors' institution, the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston, was buffeted by Hurricane Hugo.

Communication↗
PubMed1991

Disaster preparedness.

A natural disaster can be a frightening experience, where events are out of our control. Safety in such an emergency cannot be taken lightly. It is important to remember that safety is everyone's responsibility; plan ahead and know what you are to do! Review and rehearse emergency plans, know your work area and be prepared. Above all, stay calm. Your survival may depend on it!

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1991

Emergency preparedness: the best defense for major disasters.

This article discusses how Silver Cross Hospital in Joliet, Illinois developed its disaster plan and how that plan was successfully tested when a tornado plowed through its service area, causing mass casualties who required both inpatient and outpatient care.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1993

The power of volunteers in disaster relief.

Hurricane Andrew, one of the worst natural disasters in American history, brought out the spirit of caring in medical personnel as volunteers from all over the country came to aid the hurricane's victims. The following is an example of how one massive relief effort can make a difference in thousands of lives.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1993

Channeling home care expertise in disaster relief.

After a disaster hits, home care personnel have the instinct to run out immediately and help as many people as possible. Yet they can be most effective if they are part of an organized relief effort within the community. This article gives an idea of who the other players are and how they can best work together.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1994

Natural disasters: how to resume operations and prioritize your infrastructure.

Earthquakes! Floods! Hurricanes! How is a managed care organization to cope with both delivering health care to its members and maintaining the integrity of its organization? This first article of a two-part series, prompted by the recent spate of natural disasters, discusses how a managed care organization can recompose itself so that it may optimally deliver care to the many people in need after such a catastrophe.

Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance Plans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine and international disaster response. Medical consultation to Armenia and Russia via a Telemedicine Spacebridge.

UNLABELLED: The Telemedicine Spacebridge, a satellite-mediated, audio-video-fax link between four United States and two Armenian and Russian medical centers, permitted remote American consultants to assist Armenian and Russian physicians in the management of medical problems following the December 1988 earthquake in Armenia and the June 1989 gas explosion near Ufa. METHODS: During 12 weeks of operations, 247 Armenian and Russian and 175 American medical professionals participated in 34 half-day clinical conferences. A total of 209 patients were discussed, requiring expertise in 20 specialty areas. RESULTS: Telemedicine consultations resulted in altered diagnoses for 54, new diagnostic studies for 70, altered diagnostic processes for 47, and modified treatment plans for 47 of 185 Armenian patients presented. Simultaneous participation of several US medical centers was judged beneficial; quality of data transmission was judged excellent. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that interactive consultation by remote specialists can provide valuable assistance to on-site physicians and favorably influence clinical decisions in the aftermath of major disasters.

Armenia↗
PubMed2000

[Disaster management lessons can be learned from the Gothenburg fire].

On the night of October 29, 1998, a fire broke out in an old warehouse in Gothenburg, where nearly 400 teenagers had gathered for a disco party. More than 200 patients were brought to four different hospitals in the region. Sixty-one people died at the scene due to inhalation of toxic fumes caused by the fire. Another two died later in the hospital due to severe burns. Disaster management in Sweden is based on mobile medical teams consisting of hospital staff supporting ambulance crews in the event of major incidents. Only one team together with a GP was able to be mobilized during this incident. Thus, medical care at the scene was limited. The principle of OEload and go pi was used, placing the major burden of triage on the hospitals. The limited numbers of medical personnel and available supplies caused major stress for the physicians involved at the scene.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The 'terrifying' Seattle/Olympia earthquake: a learning experience for area hospitals about disaster plans.

A 6.8-magnitude earthquake that struck the Seattle/Olympia area about an hour before lunchtime on Wednesday, February 28, caused an estimated $2 billion in damage but resulted in only one death. The quake was centered near Washington's state capital, Olympia, about 50 miles from Seattle. Scientists attribute the relatively small amount of damage to the fact that the quake was a deep one centered about 30 miles below the earth's surface. Experts also credit modern building codes, which require new buildings to be quake-resistant, and the retrofitting of older buildings to resist quakes for the lack of damage and casualties (less than 400 injuries). Hospitals in the region escaped serious damage and emergency rooms received relatively few casualties. However, in carrying out disaster plans, security and safety officials uncovered a number of problems that could have had serious impact in another emergency situation.

Building Codes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disaster management: the iceman cometh.

How a small, rural Canadian hospital learned valuable disaster management lessons when it was called to help the community survive an intense ice storm.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine and international disaster response: medical consultation to Armenia and Russia via a Telemedicine Spacebridge.

UNLABELLED: The Telemedicine Spacebridge, a satellite-mediated, audio-video-fax link between four United States and two Armenian and Russian medical centers, permitted remote American consultants to assist Armenian and Russian physicians in the management of medical problems following the December 1988 earthquake in Armenia and the June 1989 gas explosion near Ufa. METHODS: During 12 weeks of operations, 247 Armenian and Russian and 175 American medical professionals participated in 34 half-day clinical conferences. A total of 209 patients were discussed, requiring expertise in 20 specialty areas. RESULTS: Telemedicine consultations resulted in altered diagnoses for 54, new diagnostic studies for 70, altered diagnostic processes for 47, and modified treatment plans for 47 of 185 Armenian patients presented. Simultaneous participation of several US medical centers was judged beneficial; quality of data transmission was judged excellent. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that interactive consultation by remote specialists can provide valuable assistance to on-site physicians and favorably influence clinical decisions in the aftermath of major disasters.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1958

Preparation for disaster.

Standardization of county medical society plans for dealing with casualties in disasters would greatly facilitate integration with the state Civil Defense organization. Without such plans there can be no hope of coping with the great number of casualties that would come should this area be attacked. The plan of the Alameda-Contra Costa County Medical Association herein described, has been tested in actual emergency and has been found effective.

Civil Defense↗