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At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser therapy of inflammatory lesions of the soft parts of the locomotor system].

Soft Laser has been suggested as a useful tool in the management of a large number of pathologies. The aim of this study has been to test the utility of this radiation in the treatment of some Locomotor Apparatus Soft Tissues Inflammatory Conditions. One hundred and fourteen patients with clinical data suggesting tendinitis, bursitis or enthesitis entered this study; 97 patients (Group I) were treated with Infra-Red or/and Helion-Neon Laser using a pontual and/or a scanning technique. The remaining 17 patients were considered as a comparison group (Group II). For evaluation purposes, a semi-quantitative data file was used and the pain, mobility, edema and muscular status were observed. The observation of these items was done prior, two weeks and one month after the Laser treatment. Results were classified as positive when complete or significant remission of symptoms and signs were observed, and negative when there was no improvement or a very slight regression of the complaints observed. A significant difference (p. 001) between Group I and II was found; the acute cases registered better results than the chronic ones (86.8% positive results versus 69.4%). The shoulder patients showed the worst results with only 62% positive cases. Significant differences among the different kinds of Laser applications weren't found. This study seems to confirm the Soft Laser utility in the treatment of the Locomotor Apparatus Soft Tissues Inflammatory lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnostic exercise tests in adult men with no symptoms or with non-angina complaints].

STUDY OBJECTIVE: to investigate clinical and ECG stress test differences in middle aged males either asymptomatic or with non-anginal symptoms and no previous myocardial infarction. DESIGN: retrospective stress data file analysis. SETTING: Outpatients at the stress test laboratory. PATIENTS: 296 consecutive patients referred to diagnostic treadmill testing from January-1988 to June-1989. RESULTS: no differences were found between symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals in the 17 variables analysed. CONCLUSIONS: despite the fact that patients with chest symptoms even if obviously non-anginal have an increased coronary disease prevalence when compared with age-matched asymptomatics, this difference seems to insufficient to be demonstrated by the ECG stress test results, making questionable the practical relevance of this symptomatic classification.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New adventures in biomedical engineering: radiation safety program management.

As biomedical/clinical engineers expand their managerial expertise into nontraditional areas, it makes sense that they pursue areas where their formal training in physics and mathematics can be applied. Radiation safety requires having the educational background to understand atomic structure, the nature of radioactivity, mathematics, biology, chemistry, and instrumentation. Program management requires having the administrative experience to manage people, data, files, documentation, and budgets. Radiation safety program management also requires an understanding of how best to prepare for a surprise inspection, similar to but technically more specific than other inspections and surveys previously experienced by the BME/CE professional.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1991

Record linkage strategies: Part II. Portable software and deterministic matching.

Software to perform record linkage should have several characteristics: (1) portability in being able to function with researchers' current arrangement of computer systems and languages, (2) flexibility in handling different linkage strategies, and (3) low cost in both computer time and researchers' efforts. A linkage package (LINKS) is described which satisfies these criteria; LINKS provides tools for both deterministic and probabilistic linkage as well as test modules for assessing data quality and structure. Because each linkage project is different, the modular nature of the software allows for better control of the programming process and development of unique strategies. Since the user provides the weights and decision rules, he may modify data between steps and/or develop extra steps to supplement the basic modules. In two information-rich linkage projects involving California AIDS data, LINKS identified mortality using deterministic approaches and permitted comparisons with other software and strategies. Flexible software and a deterministic approach would have eliminated the expensive key entry used to add full names and social security numbers as additional identifiers to one of the California data files.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacture (CAD-CAM) applications in cosmetic below-elbow prostheses.

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacture (CAD/CAM) techniques, though often technologically associated with engineering and applied sciences, has opened new horizons in the medical field. In CAD, a product is first geometrically modelled in three dimensions in a computer and it can be viewed and examined from any direction. This model can then be used for many downstream applications such as manufacturing and analysis. In CAM, numerically controlled machining processes are used for cutting out a prosthetic device of the hand for prosthesis. The paper aims at establishing the basis of using CAD/CAM techniques in prostheses in particular, a review of our present work done in the area of below-elbow prostheses using CAD/CAM. A laser scanning device has been used to capture the geometry of human hands. The algorithm used in processing the images is discussed. The processed 3D data file is then interfaced with a CAD modeller where reconstruction, mirroring, scaling, etc., can be performed. The resultant CAD model is then passed on to CAM, which concentrates purely on producing a "positive core" mould for moulding the prosthetic device.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analysis of death ascertainment and follow-up through statistics Canada's Mortality Data Base system.

The Canadian Mortality Data Base (MDB) was utilized in mortality follow-up of 17,446 refinery and petrochemical workers throughout Canada. The performance of the system in detecting 757 previously known deaths was evaluated. Of the deaths submitted, 93.1% (90% confidence interval (CI) 91.5-94.5) were detected, including 97.6% (90% CI 96.5-98.4) of deaths which occurred in Canada. Detection was generally unaffected by age, year of death (1964-1973), and the presence of middle initial or the remainder of first name. Slightly lower ascertainment was found for deaths occurring in Quebec (94.5%) and Newfoundland (93.3%). This could be due to several factors, including fewer MDB records with complete identifier information for these provinces, or lower accuracy of linking fields for records supplied to the Agency. Few links were made to employees presumed to be alive, indicating 99.8% specificity for these records.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Ethological studies of depressed patients.

The use of ethological methods for characterising the non-verbal behaviour of depressed patients and quantifying change during treatment is described. Approximately 150 individual motor patterns--expressions, gestures and movements--have been defined and this element list provides the basis for encoding video-recordings of interactions. Data quality is controlled by inter- and intra-observer comparisons and by a split-screen technique which simultaneously displays a computer animation of a data file and the original video-recording. Two investigations of the characteristics of non-verbal behaviour in Depression are discussed. The first showed that the frequency and duration of many items of behaviour of depressed patients interviewed soon after admission to hospital differed significantly from matched controls. Recordings of an interview at an intermediate point in treatment showed a reduction in these differences and they had disappeared when examined shortly before discharge. The second study was of mothers suffering from Post Natal Depression who were interviewed once. This study provided evidence that quantification of non-verbal behaviour can distinguish between diagnostic subcategories and showed some of the fine detail of behaviour which can be revealed in this way.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of individual follow-up and computerized record linkage using the Canadian Mortality Data Base.

We compared two methods of ascertaining mortality in a historical prospective mortality study. Computerized Record Linkage (CRL) with the centralized historical Canadian Mortality Data Base (CMDB) was carried out on 2469 men and an attempt was also made to trace the subjects by individual follow-up (IFU). All but 88 were traced and 60 were reported to be dead. CRL was able to locate the deaths of three men who had been untraced by IFU. Contradictory information on vital status was obtained on 5 subjects--in 4 of them, the discrepancy was resolved in favour of CRL. Overall, CRL using the CMDB performed very well. We also consider factors that affect the relative costs of the two methods, which should be balanced against the accuracy of information obtained.

Canada↗
PubMed1989

Is routine pre-operative electrocardiogram necessary?

Among 3,371 ECG (electrocardiograms) performed at Hat Yai Municipal hospital in 1981, at least 424 were done presumably for a routine preoperative investigation. Analysing the data file of each patient, it was found that 14 per cent had definitely abnormal ECGs of the type that generally implies ischemic heart disease. Another 9 per cent had ECGs that were possibly abnormal and needed, at least, a medical evaluation. However, only a fifth (22 out of 100) of those with abnormal ECGs were eventually examined and of these, less than half (9 out of 22) had their management altered. These results suggest that routine preoperative ECG lacks the potential usefulness given constraints present in several health centers in this country.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A descriptive study of continuity of care as an element in the process of ambulatory medical care utilization.

Continuity of care is one of the components of the medical care utilization process. This process includes a number of components. Here two of these other components are considered so that variations in the continuity of care may be studied: the volume of utilization and the regularity of utilization. Volume of utilization is the number of visits to physicians in a period of time, while regularity of utilization is the extent to which an individual visits physicians at regular intervals. When data on utilization from an administrative data file were used, analysis showed that continuity varied with the volume and regularity of use. Sex, a diagnosis of chronic illness, visits to specialists and age were introduced as predictors of continuity, given the levels of both volume and regularity of utilization. Sex did not have any effect on continuity. Age had an effect only for individuals with a low volume of utilization. Continuity scores varied for chronic illness only if use of medical care was regular, while it varied for physician specialty only for those with few visits. An interaction effect of chronic illness with the specialty of the physician was also identified.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Practical use of a personal computer at the work site].

Examples for data processing in forensic medicine: special functions of text programs as mail-function or working with flourishs allow effectual working of printed forms or simple making of bills with adjustment of all individual data and automatic calculating. Based upon a frame of the always necessary text passages and 15 data files of flourishs (one belonging to each letter) an autopsy report was builded up. Using th database program dBase III plus the postmortems of the last 10 years (nearly 6000 cases) were registered (about 50 variables). Evaluation followed from a selfmade program, which supplies two sides tables. The organization of the bibliography (beginning already in subscription) and the administration of (several thousand) dia slides was managed by this database program too.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Design of a data-acquisition system for monitoring sleep organization in preterm infants.

A portable data-acquisition system suitable for long-term noninvasive monitoring of physiologic and behavioral variables in preterm infants is described. The system includes two video cameras, a video screen-splitter and amplifier, a time-lapse video recorder, a microphone, a force-responsive transducer, an analog signal conditioner, and two microcomputers. One microcomputer, located in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) acquires electrophysiologic signals and preprocesses data in real time, during a continuous 48-hour session. After each session, the data file is transferred by telephone line to the other microcomputer, located in a laboratory, for editing, reduction, display, and final analysis. This arrangement enables noninvasive and nonintrusive monitoring, which is crucial for long-term recording of sleep-wake state organization of preterm infants.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1988

[Experience in the development of an automated information retrieval system in roentgenoradiology].

The first version of an automated data retrieval system in radiology, radiobiology and oncology has been developed in the Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology of the Ministry of Health, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. The system is realized on the basis of a packet of applied programs of an automated document processing system, computerized data-bases of the All-Union Scientific and Technical Information Institute and the ES-1022 computer. The system functions in the following modes: 1--selective propagation of information on 194 fixed requests of users; 2--personal search in the dialogue mode; 3--updating of data files. The use of the automated system made it possible to enhance the effectiveness and quality of document search as compared to conventional forms of operation.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Potential use of the monosaccharide composition of bacteria for their identification].

The monosaccharide composition of cell hydrolysates can be used as a criterion for the chemical differentiation of gram-positive bacteria. The monosaccharide composition of six bacterial species belonging to the genus Bacillus has been determined using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and computers. The qualitative composition was similar, glucose, galactose, ribose and glucosamine being the main components in all of the species. Some Bacillus species differed in their minor components. Although the monosaccharide composition appeared to be homogeneous, bacteria can be identified in terms of their carbohydrate profile using computers. To this end, the monosaccharide composition of bacterial cells is represented as a two-dimensional data file including the qualitative composition of components and the quantity of each component.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1988

[Surgery of symptomatic interauricular communication in the first year of life].

Symptomatic atrial septal defect (ASD) is rare in infancy and even more is symptomatic ASD requiring surgery at that age (13.7% and 3.7% respectively in our series). Our experience on surgery for symptomatic ASD in infancy with 6 cases out of 161 consecutive ASD surgically corrected during an experience of 17 years is presented. Ages ranged between 5 and 11 months (9.5 +/- 2.5 months) and weight between 4 and 6.400 kg (5.3 +/- 0.8 kg). In all cardiomegally was present with cardiothoracic ratio between 0.6 and 0.7 in 4 and over 0.7 in the remainder two cases. Isolated ASD was present in 3 cases, associated partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage ein 3 and additional ventricular septal defect in one. Mortality was present in one case due to hypoplasia of the left ventricular cavity. Follow up ranged between 30 and 156 months with a cumulative follow up of 442 months, mean 88.4 +/- 50.8 months/patient. Clinically all are asymptomatic without medication. Clinical and hemodynamic data file, surgery complications and possible risk factors for development symptomatology in the ASD in infancy are widely commented.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of unlinked infant death certificates from the NIMS project.

The National Infant Mortality Surveillance (NIMS) project used linked birth and infant death certificates to calculate birth weight-specific infant mortality risks for the 1980 U.S. birth cohort. Record linkage depends on complete registration of vital events, interstate exchange of vital records, accurate information on certificates, and a comprehensive linkage system. States reported 2,604 unlinked infant death certificates for 1980, ranging from 0 to 397 per State. Age at death for these infants ranged from 1 minute to 11 months. More than 41 percent of the unlinked death certificates were for postneonates, compared with 32.5 percent found in the cohort's total infant death experience. Only 38.2 percent of the unlinked infant death certificates showed strictly intrastate events (birth and death occurrence, and residence at death all in one State), compared with 92.9 percent in the cohort's total infant death experience. Estimates of the percentage successfully linked by State ranged from 86.0 to 100.0. After adjusting for the certainly unlinked infant death certificates, nine States' infant mortality risks increased by more than 0.2 per 1,000 live births. Improvements are needed both within and between States to ensure more complete birth and infant death certificate linkage.

Birth Certificates↗
PubMed1985

An application of statistical matching with the survey of income and education and the 1976 Health Interview Survey.

This article outlines an alternative procedure to household surveys for obtaining individual observation-level data. The procedure, called statistical matching, integrates data on an individual observation from one source with data on a different observation identified as the "best matching" or "most similar" record from a second source. The best match is determined by objective statistical criteria. Also reported is a significant application of the procedure between the Survey of Income and Education and the 1976 National Health Interview Survey. The success of merging these two large, nationally representative data files shows statistical matching as a viable method of creating databases for health services research.

Adolescent↗