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Results for “Water Intoxication”

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Lead intoxication from lead-contaminated water used to reconstitute infant formula.

The lead found in drinking water can be a source of lead poisoning to young children, particularly those who consume large amounts of water. The authors describe a 13-month-old infant who was discovered to have plumbism during routine evaluation. The lead source was ultimately traced to the daily administration of powdered formula which was prepared with home tap water having a first-draw lead content of 130 parts per billion. This case suggests that whenever infants are fed powdered formula, consideration should be given to analysis of the home tap water for lead content.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Excessive water drinking. A marker of caretaker interaction disturbance.

In children examined at a child development clinic the incidence of excessive water drinking was almost exclusively confined to the foster care population. A series of 11 patients is compared with other reports of excessive water drinking as a marker for parent-child problems and inadequate nurturance. The parent-child interaction patterns were characterized as rejecting and both overprotective and overindulgent. The family adaptational styles tended to be chaotic and rigid, and the family cohesion styles disengaged or separated. Excessive water drinking can be considered a marker for problems in parenting.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Polydipsia, psychosis, and familial psychopathology.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the demographic and clinical factors and familial psychopathology of chronic psychiatric inpatients with, and without, polydipsia. METHOD: We undertook a case-control study of chronic psychiatric inpatients both with, and without, polydipsia. Clinical and demographic data were gathered using a predesigned questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE), and the Family History-Research Diagnostic Criteria (FH-RDC). RESULTS: The prevalence rate of polydipsia was 20.2%. The group with polydipsia was significantly younger, both at the time of their first-ever psychiatric and current psychiatric admissions, compared with the group without polydipsia. The 2 groups were similar in terms of their illness characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses. In the group with polydipsia, alcohol abuse predated the psychotic illness by a mean of 10.5 (SD 4.4) years, compared with 4.8 (SD 1.6) years for the same period in the unaffected group. The 2 groups did not differ significantly regarding the antipsychotic medication dosage, the proportion on concomitant anticholinergic medication, the documented previous response to antipsychotic medication, or past treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). First-degree relatives of patients with polydipsia were found to have significantly higher rates of alcohol dependence. CONCLUSION: This study provides further evidence for the higher rate of polydipsia among chronic psychiatric patient populations and for high rates of alcohol-related problems among their first-degree relatives.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Anorexia nervosa.

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Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1989

Survey of diurnal weight gain and urine volume in chronic schizophrenia.

We found diurnal weight gain to be abnormal among 39 chronic schizophrenic patients. The patients were weighed and urine samples obtained weekly for three weeks at 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. We normalized the dirunal weight gain (NDWG) as a percentage by subtracting the 7 a.m. weight from the 4 p.m. weight, multiplying the difference by 100, and then dividing the result by the 7 a.m. weight. NDWG was 2.075 +/- 1.331% for the 38 study patients, .631 +/- .405% for 16 acutely psychotic controls and .511 +/- .351% for 29 normals. Seventy-seven percent of the study patients had abnormal NDWG values and 62% were polyuric. NDWG related to urine volume (n = 39, r = .356, p = .026) with the variability in urine excretion explaining 13% of the variability in NDWG. We discuss factors that may have contributed to our findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A demographic study of polydipsia in an institution for the intellectually disabled.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of primary polydipsia in an Ontario institution for residents with developmental disabilities and to explore the associations of polydipsia with age, sex and level of mental retardation. METHOD: All 798 residents were screened for polydipsia using a behavioural questionnaire completed by caregivers. RESULTS: Thirty-three cases were detected: the prevalence among the mobile resident population (n = 660) was 5%. We found no association of polydipsia with age, sex, or level of mental retardation. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians should be aware of polydipsia because it is common among residents with moderate, severe, and profound mental disability. Unless screened for specifically, polydipsia may go unrecognized and may place the residents with mental handicap at risk for serious acute and chronic complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyponatremia in critically ill patients.

Disorders of sodium and water metabolism are frequently encountered in hospitalized patients. Hyponatremia in critically ill patients can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Inappropriate treatment of hyponatremia can add to the problem. The diagnosis and management of salt and water abnormalities in critically ill patients is often challenging. The increasing knowledge about aquaporins and the role of vasopressin in water metabolism has enhanced our understanding of these disorders. The authors have outlined the general approach to the diagnosis and management of hyponatremia. A systematic approach by clinicians, using a detailed history, physical examination, and relevant diagnostic tests, will assist in efficient management of salt and water problems.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Addison's disease, psychosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

A case of tuberculous Addison's disease presenting with psychosis, profound hyponatraemia, and detectable plasma antidiuretic hormone is reported. Clinical and biochemical improvement after corticosteroid replacement was followed by relapse with further psychosis and inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: both were promptly reversed by demethylchlortetracycline. The association of psychological symptoms with Addison's disease, the role of anti-diuretic hormone secretion in Addison's disease, and the inter-relationship between Addison's disease, psychosis and anti-diuretic hormone secretion are discussed.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1989

Altered state of consciousness in a compulsive water drinker.

A relatively normal 16-year-old Chinese woman with a six-month history of compulsive water drinking resulting in a comatose state is reported. The drinking was perpetuated by an enjoyable altered state of consciousness after ingestion of an average of 20 litres of water per day. Treatment by fluid restriction and, later, simple education was successful. The subjective dimension of an altered state of consciousness may provide an important explanation for the obscure aetiology.

Adolescent↗