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PubMedDate not supplied

[The plant cover of Russia in the area of the Braun-Blanquet syntaxonomy: the development of an approach and the results].

Theoretical basis of ecologo-floristic classification according to Braun-Blanquet approach is discussed with the special attention to the contribution of Russian scientists. Principal results concern presentation of vegetation continuum in discrete classification units: polymodal conception of plant communities, principle of plural syntaxonomic decisions, pragmatic approach to classification, method of homological rows of plant communities, etc. Current ecologo-floristic classification of vegetation in Russia consists of 77 classes. This system is a good basement for estimation of rarity of plant communities and biodiversity protection. The first variant of "Red Book" of plant communities of Russia and other eastern European countries is discussed.

Ecosystem↗
PubMed2003

[Methodological aspects of laparoscopic sanitation in patients with diffuse peritonitis].

In 60 patients with acute diffuse peritonitis 103 laparoscopic sanitations of the abdominal cavity were performed. The personal experiences, investigation of hydrodynamic parameters and peculiarities of redistribution of liquid in the abdominal cavity affected by pneumoperitoneum were used by the authors for developing a method of the sanitation using an irrigation-aspiration device "Brusan". Experimental investigations in 50 rats were carried out for studying the degree of traumatic action on the stomach of different variants of sanitation of the abdominal cavity. They have shown advantages of the apparatus method. The indications and contraindications for using the method were developed. The working classification of the sanitation laparoscopy is proposed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma: a newly described variant.

A report by Tozawa and Ackerman (Am J Dermatopathol 9(6):474, 1987) upon a distinctive type of basal cell carcinoma with a particular type of follicular differentiation has stimulated lively correspondence in the literature of dermatopathology. The lesion in question presents itself clinically as a basal cell carcinoma on the face and histopathologically as a neoplasm typified by small size, sharp circumscription, and a unique combination of kinds of follicular differentiation, namely, follicular germs and infundibula. The principal point of contention concerning this neoplasm has been whether it is truly a special variant of basal cell carcinoma or whether it is actually a trichoepithelioma. More extensive studies of this singular neoplasm, including its occurrence in patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, and review of the very few portrayals of it in the literature, have consolidated our view that it is indeed a special variant of basal cell carcinoma. We now present (a) new information about an early stage in the evolution of the neoplasm in point, (b) evidence to validate classification of it as a basal cell carcinoma, and (c) a critical appraisal of other lesions that might pose problems in differential diagnosis. Finally, justification is provided for the designation "infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma."

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-roentgenological characteristics of acute leukemia].

Combined clinico-roentgenological investigations of the thoracic organs, spleen, bone and lymphatic systems (using low lymphography) were conducted in 123 patients with acute leukemia. Clinico-roentgenological variants of acute leukemia have been distinguished, they differ in the organs and systems affected, in the process spreading by the lymphatic routes+, in the clinical course pattern and response to the treatment. Clinico-roentgenological variants of acute leukemia have shown that different pathogenetic mechanisms may act in the same cytomorphologic type of the disease. They should be taken into consideration in classification of acute leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A resected case of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma simulating fetal lung tubules which is a variant of pulmonary blastoma].

A case of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma simulating fetal lung tubules which is a variant of pulmonary blastoma is reported. A 31-year-old female with an abnormal shadow in the right upper lung field detected by chest X-P during a follow-up for sarcoidosis during pregnancy underwent right upper lobectomy. Post operative histological diagnosis was well-differentiated adenocarcinoma simulating fetal lung tubules. This tumor might be a variant of pulmonary blastoma lacking the sarcomatous features and showing one-sided development of the epithelial component. However, it has been reported by various names, and classifications of pulmonary blastoma differed slightly depending on the reporter. There are also some discrepancies in the clinical course and prognosis of the tumor. Therefore it is considered that further examination of this tumor is necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Scheuermann's kyphoscoliosis associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome.

Much confusion and disagreement exists regarding the classification and characteristics of inherited disorders manifesting neurogenic muscular atrophy. Many authors consider Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome (CMTS) and Roussy Levy syndrome (RLS) forme fruste or variants of Friedreich's ataxia (FA). Familial kyphoscoliosis has often been described in FA and RLS but not with CMTS. The purpose of this paper is to present detailed clinical and laboratory findings in a family with three cases of Scheuermann's kyphoscoliosis and CMTS in three generations. In all cases Scheuermann's kyphoscoliosis was associated with pes cavus, markedly diminished vibratory and position sensation in the lower extremities, absent deep tendon reflexes and muscular atrophy, predominantly of the distal muscles. Fine rhythmic tremor of outstretched hands and positive Romberg sign were present in one case only. Serum creating phosphokinase was elevated in two cases. Motor nerve conduction studies revealed impaired function in the median, ulnar, tibial and peroneal nerves. Sensory nerve conduction wal also impaired in median and ulnar nerves. There was evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy in one case only. The nosology and relationship between CMTS, RLS and FA are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Complicated migraine and migraine variants.

This article reviews the less frequently encountered varieties of migraine. It is suggested that these disorders be approached by evaluating possible underlying etiologies before positively diagnosing migraine. This decreases the likelihood of "missing" structural or metabolic disorders. The classification, diagnostic evaluation, differential diagnosis, and treatment options of these disorders is reviewed and a selection of references appended for additional information.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Classification of peste des petits ruminants virus as the fourth member of the genus Morbillivirus.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a virus disease of sheep and goats in West Africa. When first described, the virus was considered a variant of rinderpest virus. The biological and physicochemical characteristics of the virus indicate that it is closely related to measles, rinderpest and canine distemper viruses. These three viruses form the genus Morbillivirus of the Paramyxoviridae. PPR virus is sufficiently distinct from these 3 viruses to justify considering it as the fourth member of the Morbillivirus genus.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Support vector machine classification of 18F-FDG PET scans across subtypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PURPOSE: While 18F-FDG PET imaging has demonstrated diagnostic value in people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (PwALS) and group-level differences were identified between different disease subtypes (e.g., genetic and clinical variants), refining and validating a machine-learning-based subject-level diagnostic algorithm may improve the general applicability and reliability of 18F-FDG PET as a diagnostic tool in ALS. In this study, we employed support vector machines (SVM) to further explore the diagnostic potential of 18F-FDG PET in ALS, alongside its ability to classify between different genetic subtypes or clinical phenotypes. METHODS: 18F-FDG PET data of 36 healthy volunteers (HV), 25 people with ALS-mimicking diseases (Mimics), and 167 PwALS, grouped by genetic status (e.g., sporadic (sALS) or carrying a C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (ALSC9orf72RE) and onset (bulbar or spinal) type, acquired with Biograph 'TruePoint' PET/CT scanner, were included in the study (Dataset 1). A second dataset of 183 PwALS and 31 Mimics acquired with Biograph 'HiRez' scanner was included as an independent cross-validation set (Dataset 2). PET images were spatially normalised to MNI space to fit linear SVMs with cross-validation. Only age-matched groups were considered to eliminate age-related effects. RESULTS: For Dataset 1, the linear SVM resulted in an average accuracy of 0.86 for the classification of ALS vs. HV, 0.53 for ALS vs. Mimics, 0.83 for ALSC9orf72RE vs. sALS, and 0.58 for bulbar vs. spinal onset. These findings were corroborated with Dataset2, with an accuracy of up to 0.76 for ALSC9orf72RE vs. sALS, and 0.59 for bulbar vs. spinal. CONCLUSION: 18F-FDG brain PET imaging, combined with SVM and age-matching, can distinguish between ALSC9orf72RE and sALS with good accuracy, but lacks sufficient discriminative power to differentiate between ALS and Mimics and between different sites of onset.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

The low complexity proteins from enteric pathogenic bacteria: taxonomic parallels embedded in diversity.

The number and functions of the low complexity (LC) proteins from four enteric bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli O157, Vibrio cholerae, Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni were compared. For this purpose the LC proteins were grouped into 3 categories for pairwise comparisons. These were COMMON, VARIANT and LC proteins with No Homologues (LCNH). Homologous LC proteins in both species in a given pairwise comparison were grouped as COMMON. LC Proteins of same function but not of low complexity in either of the species in a given pair were grouped as VARIANT. LC proteins without any homologues in either species were grouped as LCNH. Conservation patterns were inferred by comparing them under 3 functional classes CELLULAR PROCESSES (CP), TRANSPORT and MEMBRANE ASSOCIATED (TM) and CHARACTERISTIC (CH). In the COMMON category, highest similarity was found between E. coli O157 and V. cholerae on the one hand and H. pylori and C. jejuni on the other under the functional class CP. This parallels taxonomic classification in that E. coli and V. cholerae are classified under gamma subdivision of proteobacteria whereas H. pylori and C. jejuni are classified under the epsilon subdivision. The data from LCNH group, although more diffuse, was complementary the to pattern drawn from COMMON category in that the numbers of LCNH in the pair [E. coli O157, V. cholerae] and in [H. pylori, C. jejuni] were lowest. No consistent patterns were observed in the VARIANT category. These observations indicate that although low complexity segments are thought to undergo variations, species patterns do exist in a limited set of low complexity proteins that parallels taxonomic classification.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Accurate prediction of scorpion toxin functional properties from primary structures.

Scorpion toxins are common experimental tools for studies of biochemical and pharmacological properties of ion channels. The number of functionally annotated scorpion toxins is steadily growing, but the number of identified toxin sequences is increasing at much faster pace. With an estimated 100,000 different variants, bioinformatic analysis of scorpion toxins is becoming a necessary tool for their systematic functional analysis. Here, we report a bioinformatics-driven system involving scorpion toxin structural classification, functional annotation, database technology, sequence comparison, nearest neighbour analysis, and decision rules which produces highly accurate predictions of scorpion toxin functional properties.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1996

Myoclonus.

Myoclonus is defined as sudden, brief, shocklike, involuntary movements caused by muscular contractions or inhibitors. Myoclonic movements have now been recognized to have many possible variants and pathophysiologic features. Myoclonus may arise from several sites within the neuraxis, of which the cortex and brain stem reticular formation are the most common. An etiologic classification scheme and electrodiagnostic tests are useful for clinical purposes. Therapy is limited and usually involves symptomatic treatment with valproic acid or clonazepam. Careful attention to the basic characteristics of the movement appearance, the clinical circumstances in which the myoclonus occurs, and the results of the electrodiagnostic assessment techniques provide a basis for identifying the syndrome in which the myoclonus occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Integration of multi-omics data uncovers novel germline susceptibility candidates in early-onset colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly diagnosed in individuals under 50 years of age, yet the underlying genetic predisposition remains largely unexplained, particularly in mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient cases. This study aimed to identify novel hereditary CRC susceptibility genes by integrating germline and tumour whole-exome sequencing (WES) with transcriptomic profiling across a cohort of early-onset CRC (EOCRC) patients. Tumours were categorised using Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) classification and analysed for mutational signature and burden. We used a novel 'All vs One' multi-omic integration approach to identify loss-of-function rare germline variants with concordant gene expression alterations in tumour tissue. Five candidate genes (ADCY4, NOXO1, CDHR2, ARHGAP10, EEF2K) were prioritised based on this approach and potential biological relevance in CRC. These findings highlight the molecular heterogeneity of EOCRC and demonstrate the utility of multi-omic approaches in refining germline variant interpretation. Integrating tumour transcriptomics enhances gene discovery efforts and supports a more comprehensive understanding of CRC heritability in younger individuals.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Clear cell meningioma of the fourth ventricle.

Clear cell meningioma (CCM) has been identified and included in the World Health Organization classification of CNS tumors recently. CCMs are histologically characterized by sheets of polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm, which is the expression of high glycogen concentration. Compared with other variants of meningiomas, CCMs occur in younger patients and usually are located in the spinal canal and posterior fossa, the last ones mainly in the cerebellopontine angle. Some reports suggest that CCMs have high recurrence rate and potentially aggressive behavior. Poor outcome has been shown in intracranial and spinal tumor location, but indicators that predict outcome have not been established. The authors present two cases of intracranial CCMs, with excellent outcome in patients harboring tumor location (restricted to the fourth ventricle) and some clinical particular features (young age, gender, obesity, and moderate impairment of intellectual capacity). To the best of our knowledge, these are the two first reported cases of clear cell meningioma located primarily in the fourth ventricle.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ovarian Brenner tumors and transitional cell carcinoma: recent developments.

Brenner tumor variants--such as metaplastic, proliferating, and low-malignant-potential (three categories recently designated as intermediate Brenner tumors)--and malignant Brenner tumors are unusual tumors presenting problems in classification. DNA ploidy and S-phase reflect the intermediate status of metaplastic, proliferating, and low-malignant-potential Brenner tumors. The category of "transitional cell carcinoma of the ovary" has been proposed for those primary ovarian carcinomas in which definite urothelial features are present, but no benign, metaplastic, and/or proliferating Brenner tumor is identified. Two subtypes have been described, the papillary and the malignant Brenner-like types. These tumors are more aggressive than malignant Brenner tumors, but they appear to respond better to chemotherapy than other types of ovarian epithelial cancer.

Brenner Tumor↗
PubMed2003

Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is a heterogeneous group of diseases. Recently, the importance of a detailed differentiation of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia from other idiopathic interstitial pneumonias has been demonstrated. Most critical appeared to be a proper classification based on clinical presentation, high-resolution CT findings, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell findings, and histopathology. This classification may guide the most appropriate therapeutic approach and has significant implications regarding prognosis. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, cellular and fibrosing variants, are discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

Prevalence of organisms described as Actinobacillus suis or haemolytic Actinobacillus equuli in the oral cavity of horses. Comparative investigations of strains obtained and porcine strains of A. suis sensu stricto.

Evidence was obtained to indicate that equine strains of organisms previously described as Actinobacillus suis or hemolytic variants of Actinobacillus equuli might constitute a separate group of organisms provisionally designated taxon 11. Four biovars were noticed within taxon 11. Selected DNA:DNA hybridizations support the classification of the mannitol positive biovar 2 of taxon 11 distinct from porcine A. suis. The final taxonomical position of taxon 11, however, has to await more detailed genetic studies including all biovars of taxon 11. A species name has not been suggested for the same reasons. The present observations also indicate that strains identified as taxon 11 apparently constitute a part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity of horses.

Actinobacillus↗