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PubMed1979

A comparison of dentine abrasion data generated by radiotracer and surface profilometer methods.

Six toothpastes were despatched to two research stations where a radiotracer method of dentine abrasion measurement is used (British Standards, 1974: Hefferren, 1976) and three research stations where a surface profile method is used (Ashmore, Van Abbé & Wilson, 1972). Each station measured the abrasivities of the pastes with respect to dentine by their own method. The ranges of abrasion data were found to be wider from the surface profile method than from the radiotracer method.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical performance of dentine bonding agents in the enamel-etched Class V abrasion lesion.

Ninety-three non-undercut cervical abrasion lesions were restored with one of five dentine bonding agents and composite resin, using enamel etching to supplement retention. The restorations were reviewed at approximately one, six, 12 and 24 months. The loss rate at one year ranged from zero to 50 per cent, and marginal staining became apparent over the one-year period. It is evident that even with enamel etching, some dentine bonding agents are not effective enough to reliably retain composite in Class V abrasion lesions.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1994

The effect of dentine conditioning with polyacrylic acid on the clinical performance of glass ionomer cement--3-year results.

Forty cervical abrasion lesions were restored with a self-cure Type 2A glass ionomer cement. Prior to placement of the restorations, 20 lesions were scrubbed for 15 seconds with 25 per cent polyacrylic acid and 20 lesions were cleaned with a pumice and water slurry on a rubber cup. After three years, there was negligible marginal staining, and one restoration from each group was partly lost. There was no evidence to suggest that polyacrylic acid was preferred to pumice and water in the restoration of cervical abrasion lesions with glass ionomer cement.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2006

Abrasion resistance of composites polymerized by light-emitting diodes (LED) and halogen light-curing units.

This study compared the abrasion resistance of direct composite resins cured by light-emitting diodes (LED) and halogen light-curing units. Twenty specimens (12 mm in diameter; 1.0 mm thick) of each composite resin [TPH (Dentsply); Definite (Degussa); Charisma (Heraus Kulzer)] were prepared using a polytetrafluoroethylene matrix. Ten specimens per material were cured with the LED source and 10 with the halogen lamp for 40 s. The resin discs were polished, submitted to initial surface roughness reading (Ra initial - microm) in a roughness tester and stored in water at 37 degrees C for 15 days. The specimens were weighed (M1) and submitted to simulated toothbrushing using slurry of water and dentifrice with high abrasiveness. After 100 minutes in the toothbrushing simulator, the specimens were cleaned, submitted to a new surface roughness reading (Ra final - microm) and reweighed (M2). Mass loss was determined as the difference between M1 and M2. Data were recorded and analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey Test at 5% significance level. The composite resin with greater size of inorganic fillers (TPH) showed the lowest mass loss and surface roughness means, indicating a higher resistance to toothbrush abrasion (p<0.05). Definite cured with LED presented the least resistance to toothbrush abrasion, showing the highest means of surface roughness and mass loss (p<0.05). The LED source did not show the same effectiveness as the halogen lamp for polymerizing this specific composite resin. When the composite resins were cured a halogen LCU, no statistically significant difference was observed among the materials (p>0.05). It may be concluded that the type of light-curing unit and the resin composition seemed to interfere with the materials' resistance to abrasion.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2004

Toothbrushing with vegetable oil: a clinical and laboratorial analysis.

The dentifrices currently available in the marketplace contain many anticariogenic substances, fluoride and abrasives aimed to better clean the dental surface, remove dental plaque, improve salivary flow and its buffer capacity and reduce colonies of bacteria such as S. mutans, the causative agent of dental caries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of adequately removing dental plaque using an experimental almond oil dentifrice (Titoil) with no abrasives or antiplaque agents. This study was carried out with 80 volunteers, all of them 18-year-old recruits from the military training school of Araçatuba -- SP. Saliva sampling and dental plaque disclosing were undertaken both before and after 28 days of toothbrushing with a low abrasive dentifrice (Group 1: 40 volunteers) or with Titoil (Group 2: 40 volunteers). Statistical analysis of the results revealed that the experimental dentifrice (Titoil) did not interfere with salivary flow and reduced dental plaque more than the low abrasive dentifrice, improved the salivary buffer capacity and decreased salivary S. mutans (Caritest-SM) as much as regular dentifrices. It was concluded that if the dental industry replaces abrasive by vegetable oil in dentifrices, these will be more effective in maintaining oral health and will cause less dental abrasion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on silicate-containing and silicate-free adhesives compared to composite materials II].

The photo-polymerisable adhesive Estilux glaze and its successor product Estiglaze microfill as well as a compound from the same firm were subjected to comparative investigations. Maximal polymerisable thickness of the named materials were ascertained by means of variable intensive light sources. Electron-microscopic investigations were carried out on the matrices in order to estimate the wetting behaviour. No generally valid connection between hardness and abrasion of comparative materials could be observed, but Estiglaze microfill, containing filling-substance shows reduced abrasiveness to the factor 2.5 in comparison to products free from filling substance.

Composite Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profilometric and microradiographic studies on the effects of toothpaste and acidic gel abrasivity on sound and demineralized bovine dental enamel.

The objective of this study was to assess the abrasive effects of toothpastes and acidic F gels on sound and demineralized enamel. Pairs of enamel specimens were cut from bovine incisors, embedded in epoxy resin and polished. An artificial subsurface lesion of 80-90 microm depth was created in one specimen from each pair. The samples were covered with adhesive tape, thereby exposing the enamel for abrasivity testing. All samples were divided into six groups of 15 and brushed with a slurry (1:3) of F gel or toothpaste and human saliva. Brushing with water (control) or with slurry was carried out (16,000 strokes) using a medium toothbrush (load 275 g) mounted in a brushing machine. Abrasion was evaluated using laser profilometry, and was about 50% less on sound than on demineralized enamel (p < 0.001). In the latter, brushing with water (0.09 +/- 0.03 microm) or with fluoride-free gel (0.08 +/- 0.03 microm) resulted in negligible wear. With a medium-abrasive paste (1.76 +/- 0.85 microm) and an acidic F gel (2.48 +/- 0.72 microm), brushing abrasion was significantly greater (p < 0.001) than with a low-abrasive paste (0.84 +/- 0.38 microm). The greatest wear (16.6 +/- 10.8 microm) was observed with high-abrasive paste (p < 0.001), and here transversal microradiography revealed a complete loss of the pseudointact surface after brushing. In vitro formed caries-like lesions can be abraded (by toothbrushing) more easily than sound enamel; hence, initial white spot lesions should preferably be brushed with oral hygiene products of low abrasivity.

Amines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dependence of the dentinal abrasion of human teeth on their microhardness].

The dentin resistance against abrasion was studied as related to its microhardness. Sections of 15 intact teeth were investigated (central upper incisors). Water suspensions (40% weight-to weight) of dicalcium phosphate (DCP, FRG; and DKF-1 and DKF-2, USSR) were used as abrasives. Dentin microhardness was measured with a PMT-3 device, and abrasion assessed with profilographic technique. Dentin abrasion was related to its microhardness and to the kind of abrasive used. Dentin abrasion increased as its microhardness decreased. DCF showed minimal abrasive effect, DKF-2 had maximal effect with DKF-1 keeping the intermediate position.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dentifrice abrasiveness on microfill composite resin and dentin: a comparative study.

This in vitro study evaluated the abrasiveness of seven dentifrices on microfill composite resin discs and dentin surfaces. The composite resin discs and dentin surfaces were brushed in groups using slurries of the different dentifrices. Each specimen was subjected to 2400 strokes using medium bristle toothbrushes at a brush tension of 150 g. Any changes in surface roughness were noted through the use of a mechanical profiler or profileometer and scanning electron micrographs. The results of this study have indicated that Rembrandt Whitening Toothpaste was significantly less abrasive to the microfill composite discs and dentin surfaces compared to the other dentifrices tested (p < .05, ANOVA). Further clinical studies may be warranted to test the abrasiveness of dentifrices, especially if they are used over extended periods of time.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Brushing with and without dentifrice on gingival abrasion.

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate two factors possibly influencing incidence of gingival abrasion during toothbrushing: (1) the abrasiveness of a dentifrice and (2) the possible influence of feedback of oral sensory perception. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, two separate, single blind, randomized clinical experiments were performed. The two groups of subjects were requested not to brush their teeth 48 h, prior to the experiments. After staining with disclosing solution gingival abrasion sites were recorded as small (< or =5 mm) and large (>5 mm), both before and after brushing. The dentifrice experiment was a split-mouth design, including 36 subjects, brushing their teeth in two randomly selected contra-lateral quadrants, either with or without dentifrice, whereas the remaining two quadrants were brushed, using the alternative choice. The sensory perception feedback experiment was a full-mouth design, including 43 subjects and two separate brushing exercises with use of dentifrice. The first brushing-exercise was performed by a dental hygienist, excluding the feedback of oral sensory perception of the brusher. After a 4 weeks period of familiarization to the manual toothbrush, subjects brushed themselves in the same random order as the hygienist, using a fresh brush, thus including oral sensory perception. RESULTS: In the dentifrice experiment, the increment of small abrasion sites was 5.86 for brushing with and 5.75 without dentifrice. There was no statistically significant difference between brushing with and without dentifrice. Both with and without dentifrice, more small abrasions were found vestibular, (3.78 and 4.22, respectively) as compared with lingual (2.22 and 1.42, respectively) (p=0.027, p<0.001). In the sensory perception feedback experiment, the increment in small gingival abrasion sites was larger for the subjects brushing themselves (8.86) as compared with the professional brushing (2.94, p <0.0001). Subjects caused more abrasion on the vestibular surfaces (6.28) as compared with the lingual (0.60, p=0.0001), where the professional did not show this difference (vestibular: 1.88, lingual: 1.30, p=0. 1388). CONCLUSIONS: No statistically significant difference in the incidence of gingival abrasion was found between brushing with dentifrice or without dentifrice. Neither did oral sensory perception seem to affect the incidence of gingival abrasion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Oral conditions among workers in the Danish granite industry.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the oral health situation of workers in the Danish granite industry, in particular, to describe the prevalence and severity of dental abrasion. Measurements of the work environment showed that the workers were exposed to abrasive quartz dust. A total of 39 workers (72%) completed a questionnaire on their dental health, work environment, and symptoms from the masticatory system. Only 10% had been treated by school dental services, and only 51% made regular visits to the dentist. Consequently, the clinical examinations revealed a high prevalence of dental caries (mean number of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces 87.2). The workers' periodontal conditions were poor; the mean percentage of teeth with gingivitis, calculus and pockets deeper than 5 mm was 13.4. The prevalence of dental abrasion was 100%; in particular, abrasion was observed on the front teeth. The severity of abrasion and the affection ratio increased by duration of exposure to dust. In conclusion, dental abrasion induced by work-related dust should be considered an occupational disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of powered electric toothbrushes: laboratory determination of relative abrasion of three powered toothbrushes.

Previously established data on average forces applied to various brushing instruments during in vivo toothbrushing were incorporated into a laboratory abrasion model. The apparatus included a specially constructed and standardized brushing machine and utilized an acrylic resin substrate. Three powered brushing instruments (Rota-dent, Interplak and Braun Oral-B Plaque Remover) and a manual toothbrush (Oral-B P40), were compared in this model. The system demonstrated excellent precision and could distinguish between brushing instruments with as little as 10% difference in abrasivity. It was found that brushing abrasivity increased in the order of Rota-dent < Braun < Interplak.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

Enamel surface abrasion from ceramic orthodontic brackets: a special case report.

The purpose of this report is to present a dramatic case of enamel abrasion from ceramic orthodontic appliances that was discovered only after appreciation of the initial findings of a study underway at the Department of Orthodontics, University of Minnesota. An artificial oral environment used in this study to simulate mastication also is described. The potential detrimental effects of ceramic appliances on tooth contact are discussed. All aspects of any new material should be investigated before its clinical application to prevent undesired side effects.

Adult↗