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Results for “Smiling”

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effects of the early ACE inhibition in diabetic nonthrombolyzed patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the ACE inhibitor zofenopril in a cohort of diabetic patients with nonthrombolyzed anterior acute myocardial infarction who were enrolled in the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-Term Evaluation (SMILE) trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Among the overall population of 1,512 patients, 303 (20.0%) had diabetes. The primary end point of this study was the effect of treatment on the 6-week combined occurrence of death and severe congestive heart failure (CHF). Secondary end points included the evaluation of the 6-week rate of major cardiovascular events as well as the 1-year survival rate. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of double-blind treatment, zofenopril significantly reduced both the incidence of the primary end point (8.6 vs. 18.3%; P = 0.019) and the 6-week incidence of severe CHF (0 vs. 7.3%; P = 0.001) in diabetic patients, and the effect was greater than that observed in nondiabetic patients. Conversely, 1-year mortality was significantly reduced among nondiabetic patients (9.1 vs. 13.8%; P = 0.010), whereas in the diabetic population, the decrease did not reach statistical significance (13.7 vs. 16.5%; P = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: The present data suggest that the clinical outcome of patients with diabetes and myocardial infarction can be significantly improved by early treatment with zofenopril. The lesser effect on 1-year mortality seems to suggest that long-term treatment is probably needed to maintain the benefits of the early ACE inhibition in patients with diabetes.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Mutual visual regard during mother-infant play.

Mutual visual regard was observed in 48 mother-infant dyads during a 6-min. play session. Infant-mother dyads containing 4 mo. -olds displayed significantly more mutual visual regard than dyads containing 6- or 8-mo.-olds. In addition, the more time infants spent in face-to-face interaction with mother, the more smiling they engaged in. No sex difference were observed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

From unidentified to 'misidentified' newborn: male bias in recognition of sex.

Our study tests in newborns the perceptual bias described in 1979 by Hildebrandt and Fitzgerald in recognizing the sex of infants, using videorecords instead of still photographs. Analysis showed a tendency for young adults to perceive newborn infants as male immediately after birth, and this perceptual bias diminished if the babies smile.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of humorous stimuli and sense of humor on discomfort.

The effects of humor on increasing discomfort thresholds were tested with Transcutaneous End Nerve Stimulation (TENS). Undergraduate students (n = 31) with high or low scores on Martin and Lecourt's Situational Humor Questionnaire were randomly assigned to a humor or nonhumor condition. Discomfort thresholds for TENS were assessed before and during treatment. There was a significant increase in discomfort thresholds in the humorous treatment compared to the nonhumorous condition. Evidence was found for subjects to smile "wryly" (an increase in zygomatic and corrugator tensions) more during humorous stimuli than nonhumorous stimuli when they were waiting to be stimulated with the TENS.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Differential diagnosis and treatment of excess gingival display.

Excess gingival display, commonly described as the "gummy smile," has received increased emphasis in the dental literature in recent years. There are several etiologies for this condition, including lip length and activity, clinical crown length, dentoalveolar extrusion, and vertical maxillary excess. For this reason, it is essential that a differential diagnosis be developed so that a specific therapy or group of treatments can be developed for a patient. It is the purpose of this article to describe a differential diagnosis for excess gingival display as well as recommendations for treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Multidisciplinary full-mouth restoration with porcelain veneers and laboratory-fabricated resin inlays.

Recent advances in dental materials, laboratory technology, and adhesive protocols have significantly expanded the contemporary restorative armamentarium. Utilized in combination with comprehensive treatment planning, these innovations enable clinicians to provide enhanced aesthetic care that achieves the increasing expectations of their patients. Using a detailed case presentation, this article highlights the harmonious integration of modern smile design, material selection, and interdisciplinary communication that must be addressed in order to deliver optimal treatment with porcelain laminate veneer and laboratory-fabricated resin inlay restorations.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Excellence in orthodontics. Interview by M. G. Choukroun and O. Sorel].

"Excellence is not an act, it is a daily exercise", is a sentence quoted by B. Zachrisson and is the cornerstone of his approach. He explains how, by a careful inspection and an analysis of the facial bone structure, using the patient's movement, he can establish a diagnosis and set the treatment's objectives. He defines the key points of a balanced smile, the rules and guidelines for enamel reproximation, the methods of bonding and the rules governing the stability of orthodontic treatments.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed2000

Using a system of diagnosis and treatment planning to reduce stress.

Because a thorough system of treatment planning was used, the dentist was able to change the patient's smile and discuss potential problems with the patient before treatment. This discussion allowed the patient and dentist to proceed with treatment knowing that any problems would be dealt with if they arose. The work-up of the case also made it easier for the laboratory to know exactly what outcome the dentist and patient were expecting. This enhanced communication allowed the case to proceed with a minimum of stress for everyone.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angular asymmetries of the human face.

PURPOSE: The determination of an acceptable occlusal plane is essential for the development of esthetic prosthodontic restorations. However, since most faces are not symmetric, a method was developed for measuring facial angular asymmetry, i.e., the divergence from the vertical or horizontal of the line joining the midpoint of the intercanthal line and the philtrum of the lip, the interpupillary line, the intermeatal line, the lip commissure line, and the intercuspid line. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Standardized frontal images (mouth closed, smiling, and biting on a wooden spatula) of 100 subjects were taken using a digital camera. These images were downloaded into a computer, and the angles between the various facial lines and the horizontal were measured. The subjects were grouped by sex, age, and history of trauma and orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between the mean values for each group. CONCLUSION: Asymmetry of the face can be measured using digital camera imaging and computer analysis. A range of facial asymmetries that can influence the choice of occlusal plane during prosthodontic treatment exists. Thus, the use of an occlusal plane parallel to the ala tragus and interpupillary lines, as often advocated by prosthodontists, may result in less than ideal esthetics in the final restoration.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Shades of a color. Illusion or reality?

Attaining the highest clinical level in esthetic and cosmetic dentistry necessitates the development of artistic skills; of balancing illusion with reality. The shade of a tooth is a combination of color and light and varies in different light conditions. Understanding the differences in color shades is the basis to creating illusions. Understanding light and color, and the reality of illusions, allows the clinician to design and sculpt a smile, to modify a flawed display artistically so that patients may perceive it as natural and more attractive, and to design laminates and veneers, class III, class IV, and cervical cavities.

Color↗
PubMed2001

Occlusal function. Beyond centric relation.

With the emphasis placed on esthetics today, anterior guidance has an important role in the development of a stable, anatomic, functional, and esthetic result. To develop a predictable and stable result requires a multidisciplinary approach to esthetics and function. The orthodontist is a major contributor in helping the restorative dentist achieve the anatomic and functional harmony that is needed for long-term stable function and esthetics. Harmony in function creates long-lasting smiles. In their continued quest for optimal results, and as members of their interdisciplinary teams, orthodontists should remind themselves of what Gottlieb wrote in 1986 in an editorial in the Journal of Clinical Orthodontics: "There is a difference between a beautiful alignment of teeth and an alignment of beautiful teeth. The orthodontist's job is not complete until there is a beautiful alignment of beautiful teeth."

Bite Force↗
PubMed2000

[A handbook project designed to sensitize the illiterate population to orodental preventive care].

In many poor countries, the number of "illiterate people" is often very high. In order to sensibilize these populations to dental caring, the authors propose a series of frames based on the mental association with their traditional lifestyles. With only ten series of drawings they deal with: morphology, hygiene, cares, smile, functional and aesthetic importance of mouths and teeth. To conclude, the authors insist on the fact that this way of sensibilisation is all the more efficient that it is beyond dialects, ethnic groups and boundaries.

Developing Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facial analysis: a comprehensive approach to treatment planning in aesthetic dentistry.

Patient aesthetic expectations and smile enhancement can be achieved through the use of facial analysis. This process allows each member of the restorative team (i.e., clinician, specialist, dental technician) to diagnose the patient and develop a comprehensive treatment plan for his or her specific needs. Treatment planning according to facial architecture and dental configuration allows function and harmonious aesthetics to be improved. This article demonstrates a predictable means to evaluate the components of an attractive face for use as a guide during aesthetic dental treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Missing upper lateral incisors: orthodontic considerations in young patients.

Missing lateral incisors are usually discovered by age 9 when general orthodontic treatment needs are becoming apparent. Whether to close, open or maintain a space for a missing lateral incisor is an orthodontic decision that needs to fit within a total plan of dental management. Factors to consider include:- Skeletal base relationship, severity of crowding, overjet, overbite, position into which the canine erupts, crown sizes, crown shapes, crown colours, gingival contours, gingival display on smiling, patient and parent attitude toward options, availability of appropriate prosthetic services, time delay before effecting "final" prosthetic treatment, space and bone required for implant fixtures and financial and biological costs.

Anodontia↗
PubMed2002

[The facial expression says more than words. Is emotional "contagion" via facial expression the first step toward empathy?].

The hypotheses of this investigation were based on the conception of automatic mimicking being an early component involved in the formation of emotional empathy. The parameters compared were facial mimicry reactions, as represented by electromyographic (EMG) activity when subjects were exposed to pictures of angry or happy faces, and the degree of correspondence between facial EMG reactions and their own reported feelings. The subjects in the high-empathy group were found to have a higher degree of mimicking behaviour, while the low-empathy group showed inverse zygomaticus muscle reactions; they "smiled" when exposed to angry faces.

Electromyography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using AMSA and P-ASA nerve blocks for esthetic restorative dentistry.

Esthetic restorative dentistry procedures represent an increasing segment of the services provided by the general practitioner. One important assessment criterion for a successful anterior esthetic restoration is how well it harmonizes with the lips to create a pleasing smile line. Unfortunately, traditional local anesthetic techniques interfere with this assessment by distorting the lips and face during anesthesia. The anterior, middle superior alveolar block and the palatal approach anterior superior alveolar block injections represent two recently defined techniques to anesthetize maxillary teeth effectively without numbness of the face, lips, or muscles of expression. Although safety and efficacy studies are only beginning to emerge, these injections appear to be useful additions to local anesthetic techniques, especially when anterior esthetic restorative procedures are being performed.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed2002

The role of periodontal plastic microsurgery in oral facial esthetics.

Periodontal plastic microsurgery incorporates the use of a surgical dissecting microscope in an attempt to increase visibility, minimize trauma, and enhance surgical results. This paper will attempt to demonstrate how periodontal plastic surgery utilizing periodontal microsurgery could contribute in the role of soft tissue modification to enhance the smile and ideally allow for improved oral facial esthetics.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗