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Results for “Retinal Neovascularization”

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Serum elastin-derived peptides in age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE: Dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Elastin is a fibrous protein constituent of the ECM, degradation of which may be detected by the presence of serum elastin-derived peptides (S-EDPs) in circulation. This study was undertaken to estimate levels of S-EDPs in patients with AMD compared with age-matched control subjects. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with AMD were classified into two groups: early age-related maculopathy (ARM) and neovascular AMD. The control group consisted of 15 age-matched subjects with no AMD. S-EDP levels in the serum of these subjects was estimated by competitive ELISA, using solubilized alpha-elastin from human aorta and polyclonal antibodies to this antigen. RESULTS: S-EDPs were significantly higher in patients with AMD than in control subjects. In addition, subjects with neovascular AMD had higher levels of S-EDPs than did those with early disease. CONCLUSIONS: The cause of this association between S-EDPs and AMD is unknown, but it suggests that systemic elastin degradation may increase the risk of conversion from early ARM to neovascular AMD. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the serum level of S-EDPs is a useful predictor of conversion from early ARM to neovascular AMD.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Transient fluorescein leakage simulating subretinal membrane: a diagnostic dilemma.

A 68-year-old woman with blurred vision had a foveal spot of fluorescein leakage that later was found to be a transient leakage. The clinical picture resembled central serous chorioretinopathy, a rare diagnosis in older patients. Other possible diagnoses (e.g., subretinal neovascular membrane or epiretinal membrane) are discussed as is the need for laser treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Tyndallometry for follow-up of iodine-125 brachytherapy of uveal malignant melanomas. Report of 2 patients].

BACKGROUND: Previous studies that used the noninvasive laser flare-cell meter (LFCM) have demonstrated impairment of the blood-aqueous barriers in eyes with uveal melanoma. Herein we report the use of the LFCM in the follow-up of brachytherapy in 2 patients after radiation therapy with iodine 125 for choroidal melanoma. CASE REPORT: Two women (59-and 57-years-old) with choroidal melanoma who were treated with iodine 125-plaque, were followed-up for 24 and 36 months, respectively. Complete ophthalmological examination including tyndallometry and echography were performed regularly. Following radiation, patient 1 showed decreasing flare values, that returned to normal level one year after radiation (5.9 photon counts/ms). The decrease in flare values correlated with fundoscopic and ultrasonographic signs of tumor regression. After 14 months, flare values suddenly increased up to 15 photon counts/ms, and fluorescein angiography revealed signs of radiation retinopathy. In patient 2, flare values (18.0 photon counts/ms) did not decrease after radiation but showed further increase one year after radiation (39.0 photon counts/ms). Slitlamp biomicroscopy revealed segmental iris neovascularization from 6 to 9 hours, corresponding to the site of the previous plaque application. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of aqueous flare with the LFCM appears to be a useful ancillary diagnostic method in following patients after radiation therapy for uveal melanoma. In eyes that show an increase of aqueous flare months or years after radiation therapy, recurrence of the tumor, radiation retinopathy and iris neovascularization should be excluded.

Blood-Aqueous Barrier↗
PubMed2005

[Role of chemokines in the vitreous of proliferative diabetic retinopathy].

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 41 eyes of 38 patients undergoing vitrectomy were divided into two groups; PDR and non-PDR. The PDR group was comprised of 30 eyes, and the non-PDR group of 11 eyes. Vitreous specimens obtained at vitrectomy were centrifuged and separated into supernatants and cellular components. Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES) in the supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) or chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay(CLEIA). Expression of VEGF in the cellular components was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Vitreous levels of VEGF(p < 0.05), IL8 (p < 0.0001) and MCP-1 (p < 0.05) in the PDR group were significantly higher than in the non-PDR group. However, there was no significant difference in RANTES between the two groups. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.0001, r = 0.84) between vitreous IL-8 and MCP-1 levels in the PDR group. After immunohistochemical staining with antiVEGF monoclonal antibody, VEGF positivity was localized in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes of the cellular components of PDR vitreous specimens. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that chemokines are possibly involved in the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes into the vitreous and that they play a role in the intraocular neovascularization characteristic of PDR.

Chemokine CCL2↗
PubMed1990

15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid stimulates migration of human retinal microvessel endothelium in vitro and neovascularization in vivo.

We evaluated 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), a major arachidonic acid product of vascular endothelium and leukocytes, for its effect on neovascularization. In a modified Boyden chamber assay, 15-HETE (10-7 M) stimulated human retinal microvessel endothelial cell migration by 42 +/- 10% (mean +/- S.E.M., p less than 0.01). 12-HETE, a major arachidonic acid metabolite of platelets, had no such effect. Further studies in the rabbit corneal pocket assay revealed that 15-HETE stimulated neovascularization in vivo. Concentrations at which the in vivo effects were observed are within the range generated by several cell types and are achievable in human serum. 15-HETE stimulation of human endothelial cell migration in vitro and neovascularization in vivo suggests that it may play a role in vasoproliferative disorders.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diode laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity.

Recent studies have suggested that laser photocoagulation may be a favorable alternative to cryotherapy in the treatment of progressive extraretinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity. Preliminary results of 10 eyes from 5 patients with so called "threshold" retinopathy of prematurity treated with indirect diode laser are reported. All 5 patients were less than 30 weeks gestational age. Laser therapy was performed on the avascular retina in both eyes. Nine eyes had one session of treatment with regression of neovascularization within 6 weeks. All eyes had good anatomical results in the posterior pole at the end of follow-up. One eye had 2 treatment sessions; neovascularization regressed after the second treatment. Mild disc dragging was noted. This report recommends the use of diode laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

A randomized clinical trial of scatter photocoagulation of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy.

A randomized prospective clinical trial of argon laser scatter photocoagulation therapy for proliferative sickle cell retinopathy was performed on 116 patients (174 eyes) in Kingston, Jamaica. Ninety-nine eyes were treated with scatter photocoagulation and 75 eyes served as controls. The average length of follow-up was 42 months for the control eyes and 47 months for the treated eyes. Prolonged loss of visual acuity was statistically significantly reduced in the treated eyes. The incidence of vitreous hemorrhage was also significantly reduced in the treated eyes after controlling for the previously defined risk factors of vitreous hemorrhage and extent of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy at entry into the study. There were no complications associated with argon laser scatter photocoagulation. Scatter photocoagulation of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy is currently the most effective and safe way to treat patients with sea fan neovascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Early vitrectomy for fundus-obscuring dense vitreous haemorrhage from presumptive retinal tears.

BACKGROUND: Published literature on the management of patients with fundus-obscuring dense vitreous haemorrhage due to presumptive retinal tears is sparse and advocates waiting for spontaneous resolution. Surgery is indicated only when a definite retinal tear or retinal detachment is identified. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent early vitrectomy for vitreous haemorrhage associated with posterior vitreous detachment was carried out. A comparison of initial visual acuity versus final visual acuity after vitrectomy was performed. The number of eyes that were found to have retinal tears and retinal detachment were documented. Initial and final Snellen acuities were used for statistical analysis. Categorical data were analysed using Fisher's exact test and statistical significance was considered to be p < 0.05. RESULTS: Sixteen eyes were identified and all these patients presented or were referred soon after the onset of vitreous haemorrhage. Associated ocular pathology (choroidal neovascular membrane, retinal branch vein occlu-sion, macroaneurysm) was suspected to be the source of the haemorrhage in 4 eyes. Vitrectomy was carried out in 12 eyes soon after presentation (mean time 6.3 days, range 1-28 days). Nineteen retinal breaks were seen in these eyes and 5 eyes had more than two breaks. None of the eyes were found to have proliferative vitreoretinopathy at the time of surgery. Two eyes needed repeat surgery for new retinal breaks. Excluding the eyes found to have an ocular pathology as the cause of vitreous haemorrhage, the mean visual acuity improved from hand movements to 6/12 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Early vitrectomy for spontaneous dense fundus-obscuring vitreous haemorrhage and posterior vitreous detachment is safe. Since the number of patients in this study was small, a prospective randomised controlled study comparing early versus late vitrectomy is needed to see whether early surgery also prevents proliferative vitreoretinopathy formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Surgical removal of subfoveal neovascularization in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

We treated two patients with presumed ocular histoplasmosis, subfoveal neovascular membranes, and progressive visual acuity loss to 20/400. Vitreoretinal surgical techniques were used to remove the subfoveal membranes. Visual acuity returned to 20/20 with seven months of follow-up in one patient (Case 1) and to 20/40 with three months of follow-up in the other patient (Case 2). No evidence of persistent or current subretinal neovascular membranes in either patient have been noted. These preliminary results suggest that vitreoretinal surgical techniques may be successful in mechanically removing subfoveal neovascular membranes with preservation of overlying neurosensory retina and thus preservation of central visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prognosis in idiopathic retinal periphlebitis. Apropos of 14 cases].

Fourteen patients (26 eyes) suffering from idiopathic retinal periphlebitis were followed during a mean time of 6 years (2 to 11 years). At the first examination, five eyes presented with irreversible loss of vision (tractional retinal detachment, neovascular glaucoma). At the end of follow-up, the visual acuity was inferior to 0.1 in 6 eyes, between 0.1 and 0.5 in 7 eyes, superior to 0.6 in 13 eyes. In 70% of cases, initial visual acuity was maintained or ameliorated. New vessels were present in association with significant capillary closure in 18 eyes (70%). Cystoid macular edema appeared in 7 eyes (27%). Steroid therapy, or immunosuppressants in few cases, were usefull to suppress intraocular inflammation. Laser photocoagulation was performed in 18 eyes in order to prevent or reduce ocular neovascularization; beneficial results were obtained in 13 eyes.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2003

Subretinal organization in stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity.

BACKGROUND: The subretinal organization (SRO) seen in patients who undergo vitrectomy for stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity has not previously been characterized. We report our observations of SRO and correlate its development with previous laser and cryotreatment for neovascular disease. METHODS: We surveyed data from 426 eyes in a retrospective chart review of 263 patients that underwent open-sky vitrectomy for stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity. RESULTS: Of 426 eyes evaluated, 130 eyes received laser, cryo, or a combination of both treatments. In 44 eyes (10.3%), SRO was observed and considered the cause of incomplete retinal attachment. Three forms of SRO were identified: subretinal bands (63.6%), subretinal plaques (15.9%), and diffuse SRO (18.2%). One patient had both a band and a plaque. SRO developed in 24 eyes after cryotreatment, 3 after laser, and 2 after combination cryo and laser treatment. Fewer untreated eyes than cryotreatment eyes developed SRO (15 of 296 eyes, 5.1%; ( P=0.0001). Eyes without laser or cryotreatment had a 5.1% frequency of developing SRO. CONCLUSION: Subretinal organization, a previously uncharacterized entity in retinopathy of prematurity, was most frequently identified in the form of subretinal band formation. SRO was identified in 10.3% of all stage 5 eyes evaluated, and was associated with incomplete retinal reattachment in all cases.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed1996

Clinicopathologic features of indocyanine green angiography-imaged, surgically excised choroidal neovascular membranes.

OBJECTIVE: The authors describe the clinicopathologic features of surgically excised choroidal neovascular membranes imaged by indocyanine green angiography (ICG). DESIGN: Fifteen eyes from 15 patients with surgically excised subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes underwent preoperative and postoperative ICG angiography. All excised membranes were examined by light microscopy for overall configuration and the presence of cellular and extracellular constituents. One membrane was examined by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Fourteen patients had age-related macular degeneration and one had ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. Constituents in more than 50% of membranes included retinal pigment epithelium (15/15), vascular endothelium (14/15), inflammatory cells (10/15), and basal laminar deposit (8/15). Basil laminar deposit was present only in membranes of patients with age-related macular degeneration. Eleven membranes were located primarily under the retinal pigment epithelium and four were located primarily under the neurosensory retina. There appeared to be no correlation between the ICG appearance and the histopathologic configuration of the membranes. CONCLUSION: Surgically excised ICG-imaged membranes correspond to subretinal pigment epithelium and subneurosensory retinal choroidal neovascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Idiopathic posterior subretinal neovascularization (IPSN) is related to myopia.

In 153 eyes with idiopathic posterior subretinal neovascularization (IPSN) and myopia of no greater than -6 dpt, the relative risk of this disorder was determined with regard to refraction. It was shown that the probability of developing this condition is directly proportional to the degree of myopia. By using data obtained from the literature for calculating the relative risk regarding refraction, it was demonstrated that the same is true for subretinal neovascularization in degenerative myopia greater than -7.5 dpt (Fuchs' spot). The relative risk for developing one of both disorders increases exponentially with increasing myopia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Identifying maculopathy after neodymium: YAG membranotomy for dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage.

PURPOSE: To assess the value of neodymium:YAG membranotomy in achieving rapid intravitreal dispersion of dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage and allowing the identification and treatment of maculopathy before panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). METHODS: A pilot study, in which nine eyes with dense diabetic premacular hemorrhages were treated with neodymium:YAG membranotomy, is described. After intravitreal dispersion of premacular blood, fundus examination and fluorescein angiography were performed to identify neovascularization and macular edema. Macular photocoagulation was performed before PRP in eyes with co-existing maculopathy and neovascularization. RESULTS: Complete intravitreal dispersion was achieved in all eyes within 1 week. Clinically significant macular edema was identified and treated, before PRP, in three eyes. No exacerbation of macular edema occurred after PRP, and visual acuity was stabilized at pre-hemorrhage levels in seven eyes and to within one line in the remaining two eyes. No traction retinal detachments or rebleeding occurred, and vitrectomy was not required in any eye. CONCLUSIONS: Early neodymium:YAG membranotomy may obviate the need for early vitrectomy for dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage, and allows early identification and treatment of maculopathy, before PRP, thus reducing the risk of exacerbation after PRP. Further studies to evaluate this treatment modality, particularly with respect to long-term visual prognosis, appear warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The early natural history of subfoveal neovascular membranes in eyes with age-related macular degeneration.

During the course of age-related macular degeneration, the visual prognosis is abruptly changed when the presence of a subretinal neovascular membrane (SRNVM) is established by intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA). Patients who have been alerted to this condition may notice distortion on the Amsler grid and report within days of the onset of symptoms. Unfortunately most patients either do not notice the early changes in central vision or incorrectly attribute these symptoms to the development of cataracts and defer proper retinal evaluation for several months. We reviewed our records to determine the natural history of those SRNVMs which on initial IVFA either originated or extended into the foveal portion of the macula. Our results clearly indicate that treatment must be undertaken early in the course of this disease to maintain useful visual function for as long as possible.

Aged↗