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Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography for the evaluation of cardiac tumors, thrombi, and valvular vegetations.

Echocardiography is commonly used for the detection, assessment, and diagnosis of intracardiac masses. Since the introduction of M-Mode ultrasound in 1954, the subsequent development of two-dimensional Doppler, and transesophageal echocardiographic techniques have shown clinical efficacy in the evaluation of intracardiac pathology. The various presentations of cardiac tumors, thrombi, and valvular vegetations can pose a diagnostic challenge. In addition, once a diagnosis is established, data regarding risk stratification and prognosis are often required for further management. Echocardiography can serve these clinical needs.

Echocardiography↗

[Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system. Apropos of a case with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies, and review of the literature].

The authors report a new case of cerebral malignant rhabdoid tumour in an eight year old girl. The diagnosis was confirmed on immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations showing cytoplasmic perinuclear inclusions composed of whorled filaments of vimentin. Base on a review of six cases reported in the literature, they analyse the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of this exceptional central nervous system neoplasm. Different histogenetic hypotheses are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗

[Rhabdomyomatosis of the heart and ventricular septal defect (author's transl)].

An unusual case of cardiac rhabdomyomatosis associated with a ventricular septal defect without signs of tuberous sclerosis is described. On 3 different angiocardiographies the region of the tumor seemed to be a right ventricular aneurysm. The tumor was identified as such only on operation and its nature defined histologically. Subtotal excision of the tumor and closure of the large ventriccular septal defect and debanding (pulmonary banding at the age of 8 month) was successfully undertaken at the age of 10 years.

Heart Neoplasms↗

Granular cell tumors of the heart.

In a study of granular cell tumors arising in the hearts of three patients, no evidence was found, either histologically or ultrastructurally, to support the hypothesis that these tumors are derived from striated muscle or cardiac muscle. The anatomic location of the tumors in all three cases suggests that granular cell tumors are derived from Schwann cells or from the same precursor cell as the Schwann cell.

Adult↗