Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “RADIATION MONITORING”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

CT fluoroscopy--guided interventional procedures: techniques and radiation dose to radiologists.

PURPOSE: To determine the radiation dose to radiologists who perform computed tomographic (CT) fluoroscopic interventional procedures by using a quick-check method and a low-milliampere technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred twenty CT fluoroscopy--guided interventional procedures were performed in 189 patients. Procedures included 57 spinal injections, 17 spinal biopsies, 24 chest biopsies, 20 abdominal aspirations, 44 abdominal biopsies, and 58 abdominal drainages. Procedure details were prospectively recorded and included site, depth, target diameter, milliampere value, kilovolt peak, fluoroscopic time, and CT technique (continuous CT fluoroscopy, quick-check method, or a combination of these techniques). An individual collar and finger radiation detector were worn by each radiologist during each procedure to determine the dose per procedure. RESULTS: The quick-check technique was performed in 191 (87%) of 220 procedures. Four procedures were performed with continuous CT fluoroscopy, and a combination technique was used for 25 (11%) procedures. The overall mean CT fluoroscopic time was 17.9 seconds (range, 1.2--101.5 seconds). The mean milliampere value was 13.2 mA (range, 10--50 mA). The overall mean radiologist radiation dose per procedure was 2.5 mrem (0.025 mSv) (whole body). Individual procedure doses ranged from 0.66 to 4.75 mrem (0.007--0.048 mSv). The finger radiation dose was negligible. CONCLUSION: By using a low-milliampere technique and the quick-check method, CT fluoroscopic time and radiation exposure can be minimized.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Radiation exposure in the myelomeningocele population.

Radiation-induced carcinoma is known to occur with lower doses of radiation exposure than previously recognized. The myelomeningocele population, because of its complex medical problems, is exposed to relatively high doses of radiation from diagnostic radiographs performed throughout their lives. To quantify the amount of exposure, we have calculated the total lifetime radiographic exposure for patients in a myelomeningocele clinic. Out of a myelomeningocele clinic of 248 patients, 112 were identified who had been followed in the clinic since birth. A retrospective history of radiographic exposure was obtained for each patient by reviewing the hospital X-ray jackets. Using standard radiographic dose tables, calculations of total radiation exposure were performed for each patient. The total skin dose exposure ranged from 3.96 to 171.29 rad with a mean of 42.99 rad (SD 33.58). The total skin dose per year of life ranged from 0.79 to 37.81 rad/year of life with a mean of 6.38 rad/year of life (SD 5.72). The total red marrow dose ranged from 0.3 to 29.04 rad with a mean of 7.02 rad (SD 6.24). The total red marrow dose per year of life ranged from 0. 1 to 5.35 rad/year of life with a mean of 1.01 rad/year of life (SD 1.06). These data suggest that the radiation burden from diagnostic radiographs in the myelomeningocele population may ultimately contribute to carcinogenesis, mutagenesis and other radiation damage. Specific strategies for reducing the lifetime radiographic exposure in these patients are discussed in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation exposure during fluoroarthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate reconstruction.

We prospectively evaluated the radiation exposure during 50 consecutive fluoroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Three different methods of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were performed using either rolled fascia lata allograft or bone-tendon-bone autograft. For the 50 procedures, total time using the fluoroscope was 119.61 minutes, or 2.38 minutes per procedure. The 16 primary fascia lata allograft reconstructions averaged 1.38 minutes of fluoroscope use per procedure compared with 4.69 minutes for the two revision allograft fascia lata surgeries, 3.14 minutes per procedure for the 30 primary bone-tendon-bone reconstructions, and 4.18 minutes per procedure for the two surgeries performed with an allograft meniscal transplant. The difference in exposure time between the 16 primary allograft fascia lata surgeries and the 30 primary allograft or autograft bone-tendon-bone surgeries was statistically significant. The average radiation exposure to the surgeon was 0.67 mrem per minute of fluoroscope use. It would take 7463.08 minutes of fluoroscope time, or 11,139 primary fascia lata allograft reconstructions, to exceed the recommended occupational exposure limit of 5000 mrem per year. It appears that the orthopaedic surgeon receives minimal radiation when using the fluoroscope to assist in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, especially when doing a primary fascia lata allograft procedure.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1991

Radiation detriment: its quantification and use in setting standards.

At the end of 1990 the International Commission on Radiological Protection adopted new recommendations for the control of exposure to ionizing radiation. The main reasons for the revision of existing standards were first, the new estimates of the risks associated with exposure and second, the need to develop a conceptual framework that covered not only occupational exposures but also radon in homes and the consequences of accidents. This paper addresses these issues and shows how the definition of radiation detriment is used to set new standards in a System of Radiological Protection.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Health and safety at work in orthodontic practice--Part II.

On April 1st, 1992 practice inspections came into force and the remit of the inspector takes into consideration not only whether the practice is a safe place in which patients may be treated, but also whether the environment is safe for staff to work in. Gone are the days therefore when one could ignore health and safety at work, for to do so could result in a new practice not being added to a FHSA list or at the worst an existing practice made to close down!

Cross Infection↗
PubMed2004

Radiation safety guidelines for radioimmunotherapy with yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan.

Radioimmunotherapy is a new cancer therapy that combines the cytotoxicity of radiation with the tumor-specific targeting of monoclonal antibodies. Yttrium 90 (Y-90) ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin, IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Diego, CA) is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), including patients with rituximab-refractory follicular NHL. Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan requires only universal safety precautions and does not impose undue risks or radiation safety restrictions on patients or healthcare workers. The ibritumomab tiuxetan regimen can be administered safely in an outpatient setting. Nurses should become familiar with the necessary precautions in caring for patients treated with Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan, both to educate patients about safety issues and to minimize the risk of radiation exposure to staff and others.

Ambulatory Care↗