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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Multiple hospital admissions in a calendar year.

Hospital in-patient workload is routinely measured as episodes of care. We report on the extent to which counts of episodes of care differ from counts of patients treated in different specialties and in different age groups. Linked records of hospital care in a population of 1.9 million people, collected over an 11-year period (1976-1986), were analysed. The all-ages multiple admission ratio (the number of admissions per 100 people admitted in the same specialty and year) varied between specialties from 102 to 171. Medical specialties tended to have higher ratios than surgical ones. The influence of age on multiple admission ratios varied between specialties, although in general the ratios increased with increasing age. There were progressive but small increases in multiple admission ratios over the period studied in a number of specialties but, by and large, stability over time was more striking than any change. The information presented could be used to estimate person-based admission rates from available episode-based data where the former are not available. This should be helpful both in managing hospital resources and in purchasing care on behalf of resident populations. Purchasers in particular should be aware of numbers of people being treated as well as the numbers of episodes of care provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Human factors engineering: a tool for medical device evaluation in hospital procurement decision-making.

A human factors evaluation was conducted to inform hospital procurement decision-making in selecting a general-purpose infusion pump to be used hospital-wide. Three infusion pumps from different vendors were involved in the evaluation, which consisted of two phases: a human factors heuristic assessment of the pumps according to several criteria, and user testing in five clinical areas. The clinical areas were: Oncology, Medical/Surgical, Pediatric, ICU, and Anaesthesiology. Fourteen nurses and three anaesthetists participated in the user testing. Reasonable agreement was observed between results of both phases of the evaluation, and overall results clearly favoured one of the infusion pumps over the others. It is recommended that a human factors evaluation should be performed to influence all hospital procurement decisions when purchasing medical devices, to ensure the best devices are selected for the end users and to ultimately enhance patient safety.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1991

Estimating replacement costs for hospital equipment.

This paper presents a methodology for predicting future replacement costs of hospital capital equipment. The methodology is applied to the equipment inventory of a large Canadian teaching hospital. The authors used forecasted Producer Price Indexes for several equipment categories, and applied them to the estimated equipment replacement needs. The Canadian Management Information System schedule and the American Hospital Association schedule were used to determine the estimates, which varied considerably between the two schedules. However, the test case demonstrated that such estimates can help hospitals to document capital funding needs in relation to available funds.

Alberta↗
PubMed2003

How health care organizations can establish and conduct a program for a latex-safe environment.

BACKGROUND: The advent of universal precautions brought about a dramatic increase in the use of natural rubber latex gloves, and reports of rubber latex allergies began appearing in the literature. In 1997 the Johns Hopkins Hospital created the interdisciplinary Latex Task Force to address the issue of creating, implementing, and evaluating a latex-safe environment. CONVERSION TO NONLATEX PRODUCTS AND EXAMINATION GLOVES: When suitable alternatives were available, all medical products that contained latex were to be removed from the hospital and nonlatex alternatives substituted. Latex medical gloves, especially powdered latex examination gloves, which were used in all patient care areas, were replaced by vinyl gloves. Yet because of the ongoing concern about strike-through and the minimal level of acceptance of fit with the vinyl gloves, the search for alternatives to the vinyl gloves continued. The task force recommended switching to nitrile examination gloves throughout the hospital. To facilitate the transition to another examination glove, new educational pamphlets about the nitrile gloves were developed. POSTSCRIPT: The switch to nitrile examination gloves was successfully completed, but conversion to nonlatex surgical gloves was less successful, with costs being the overwhelming impediment. Monitoring of latex-containing products and ongoing evaluations of alternatives are crucial in ensuring patient and health care worker safety.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed1991

Medical technology transfer in major Chinese hospitals.

The objective of this article is to describe and analyze the decision-making process and its consequences for medical technology transfer in China. Data were obtained in 1987 from 35 elite teaching hospitals affiliated with 13 medical universities, directly supervised by the Ministry of Health in the People's Republic of China. This article focuses on three kinds of diagnostic equipment: computerized tomographs, ultrasonic diagnostic units, and high-power x-ray diagnostic apparatuses. Decision-making on the transfer of medical technology in China is decentralized. Most hospitals rely on foreign medical sales representatives and medical exhibits, and their decisions on the acquisition of equipment rely more on the services available than on the price of the product. Chinese hospitals also encounter serious infrastructure problems when buying medical equipment. A number of alternatives are suggested for improving the efficiency of medical technology transfer in China.

China↗
PubMed1977

Clinical engineering: an in-depth review of its economic potential.

Clinical Engineers are currently employed in hospitals to see that the more complex instrumentation is electrically safe and well maintained. Such an objective fails to capitalize on the economic advantages which can be derived from specialist management. This paper proposes that the objective be broadened to cover the application of engineering technology for lower cost-higher quality health care. The functions involved and the staff needed to attain this objective are analyzed, together with the modus operandi for selecting and integrating cost-effective equipment, designing practical maintenance programs, and training the staff to avoid equipment abuse. Details of recent equipment-oriented malpractice suits are reviewed to identify already proven vulnerable areas. The results achieved from this approach at a 450-bed University Hospital show an estimated reduction of from $144 to $59 for the average cost of a repair, and an overall 60 per cent cost saving in the handling of the biomedical electronic equipment.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1994

Getting research into practice: facing the issues.

The translation of research into practice is currently a high-profile issue in the NHS. A number of regions have undertaken work in this area. Reports on a project that is part of the Anglia and Oxford Regions's "getting Research into Practice" (GRiP) initiative. The work focuses on the use of steroids in pre-term delivery, a procedure that medical evidence suggests can reduce neo-natal mortality and morbidity. Presents a number of findings which suggest that getting research into practice does not merely rest on the availability of well-researched evidence.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

An interdepartmental, standardized equipment pool.

AIM: To solve problems concerning patient equipment with emphasis on patient care, nursing quality and better nursing management. METHODS: A monitoring system, designed to follow the patient around in the hospital was discovered. Based on this concept a special, standardized pool system managed by the Clinical Engineering Department was developed. RESULTS: An all-department standardization of monitors and pumps was tried. With pumps it was a success. With monitors, two of 21 departments preferred non-standardized equipment. The equipment pool has successfully been run for 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: An evaluation showed that nursing care is better and that only 2% of those asked disapproved of the system. The pool eliminated problems like lack of equipment when needed, the wrong type of equipment found, lack of fitting disposables, the items that could be found being out of order or too dirty to be used. Nurses no longer waste time searching for equipment ready for use. Bedside equipment in working order can always be found in one of the storerooms. As a result, patient safety was greatly enhanced. We also show that this is economically a good system.

Equipment and Supplies↗