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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps in children].

In paediatric patients colorectal polyps are less frequent than in adults. In infancy, more than 70% of colorectal polyps are non-neoplastic (juvenile or amartomatous). Intestinal and pharmacological preparation are different in children with respect to adults. In infants and young children, endoscopic polypectomy is performed under general anaesthesia. From the technical viewpoint, there are no substantial differences between adult and paediatric patients. Moreover, the fact that juvenile polyps are not neoplastic in nature, generally influences the modalities of follow up. In the Division of Endoscopy of the I.N.T., from 1974 to 1987, 33 colorectal polyps were removed in 20 patients (13 M, 7 F). The age range was 2 to 14 years. Only one complication was observed: a post-polypectomy bleed, which was treated endoscopically. Histologically, there were 18 juvenile polyps, 6 hyperplastic polyps, 1 tubular adenoma; 8 polyps (6 in the same patient) were not retrieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Rectoscopies in a family medicine clinic].

As part of an ongoing quality-control program, a retrospective survey of all rigid rectoscopies performed by a family physician as a diagnostic procedure in 1985-1986 was undertaken. 35 men and 27 women were examined after an average wait of 2.5 days. Most were referred because of rectal bleeding. 3 malignant and 4 benign rectal tumors were diagnosed. In cases with no pathological finding, a subsequent barium enema and/or colonoscopy resulted in the diagnosis of 2 more proximal cancers. This frequency of tumors is relatively high compared with other series, in which there had not been systematic screening for early detection of colonic cancer. There were no complications of the rectoscopies. This survey strengthens our impression that rectoscopy can be carried out effectively by the family physician in the clinic.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Solitary ulcer of the rectum. Description of a case].

A case of solitary rectal ulcer is presented. Different views on the pathogenesis are discussed. Symptoms were nonspecific: anal pain, rectal tenesmus and bleeding. On sigmoidoscopy, the lesion has a characteristic appearance, but the definitive diagnosis of benignity must depend upon the recognition of specific histopathologic features in rectal biopsy specimens from ulcer margins. In this case, the surgical treatment was satisfactory, but frequently neither medical nor surgical treatment achieve relief of symptoms or healing of the lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The role of epidemiologic research of the natural history of cancer for evaluating cancer screening programs--a prospective study of colorectal polyps on the occurrence of colorectal cancer].

In order to elucidate the natural history of colorectal polyps and to examine the effectiveness of endoscopic polypectomy in reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients who had undergone endoscopic examination at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka in 1970-82. The study subjects consist of 653 non-polyp cases and 431 colorectal polyp cases including 222 cases treated by endoscopic polypectomy. These were followed up until the end of 1985 by the method of a record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry's file. The colorectal polyp group and the endoscopic polypectomy group experienced 4.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, as much incidence of colorectal cancer as the non-polyp group. The magnitude of the prevented fraction by the use of endoscopic polypectomy was estimated at 31.3%. A large-scale and long-term study is necessary to elucidate the original study purpose.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Results of 10 years' experience with peranal Parks and Stuart extirpation of villous and tubulo-villous adenomas of the rectum].

From 1973 to 1983 68 patients with villous and tubulovillous adenomas were operated by the peranal technique of Parks and Stuart. Seven patients had a circumferential adenoma and in ten patients (14.7%) an invasive cancer was found, four patients with Dukes A and six patients with Dukes B. The lethality of the 68 patients was 1.5% and the morbidity 4.5%. By a follow-up between 5 and 15 years the recurrence rate was 20.9%. There was no recurrence of cancer, especially not in the two patients with primary excision of an invasive carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Combined endoscopic treatment of villous adenoma of the stomach and large intestine in middle-aged and elderly patients].

Electroexcision combined with laser photocoagulation was performed in 12 patients with creeping neoplasms of the stomach and in 39 patients with the same condition of the large intestine. One-year follow-up studies showed that 2 patients with a malignant gastric tumour had recurrence 9 months after the combined treatment; I patient has recurrence in the same terms after similar treatment of creeping benign adenoma. Combined treatment proved to be more effective in 39 patients with large-intestinal tumour, including invasive cancer, with no recurrence during a year. It follows that the effectiveness of combined treatment was 94.2 per cent.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Anxiety reduction in children receiving medical care: developmental considerations.

The present investigation examined the importance of considering age-related conceptual abilities when designing preparation interventions for hospitalization and medical procedures. Forty-eight children, ages 3-5 years and 7-10 years, viewed videotaped information about an upcoming medical procedure. The children were assigned to one of three treatment conditions: control, developmentally appropriate information, developmentally advanced information. Results suggest that information which is designed to match the age-related conceptual abilities of the recipient more effectively reduces anxiety and increases cooperation. Implications for future research evaluating efficacy of preparation strategies are noted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

[Value of rectosigmoidoscopy in the secondary prevention of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Results of a study of ours carried out in elderly patients].

Secondary prevention is undoubtedly a vital consideration in the early diagnosis of cancer of the large bowel. The examination of asymptomatic subjects considered to be at high risk of colorectal carcinomas will improve the prognosis for this tumour by identifying lesions at an early stage or, even better, pathologies considered precancerous. Rectosigmoidoscopy was therefore employed on a sample of asymptomatic geriatrics, at high risk because of their age. The examination of 245 elderly people revealed various asymptomatic conditions (haemorrhoids, rhagades, polyps, etc.) and, more importantly, 4 cases (1.6%) of rectosigmoid tumours, 2 of them Dukes stage A and 2 polyps in the initial phase of degeneration into malignancy. The paper concludes by emphasising the value of mass screening of the elderly and indeed of other high risk groups using a flexible rectosigmoidoscope, in the hope of identifying early-stage tumours or precancerous lesions with a view to reducing the incidence of colorectal carcinoma and therefore significantly improving the prognosis for that condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Solitary ulcer of the rectum].

In our center solitary ulcer of the rectum has a low incidence. There has been only one case in more than 13,000 distal endoscopic studies performed in the last ten years. Its rarity, and its possible confusion with other pathologies of the distal colon motivated our interest in this disease. The clinical and diagnostic features and therapeutic attitude in solitary rectal ulcer are remarked.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevention and early diagnosis of cancer in the rectal stump of ulcerative colitis patients after colectomy and topical treatment.

Ulcerative colitis with malignant degeneration and dysplasia can be a precancerous lesion. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent or, at least to diagnose as early as possible any development toward neoplasia in the colon or rectum of the colitis patients. The only reliable guide for a risk of malignant tissue degeneration is dysplasia of the mucosa. A group of 31 patients was studied after total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis and subsequent topical treatment with enemas containing sulphasalazine and corticosteroids. Two of these patients had mild rectal dysplasia before surgery, seen in a biopsy specimen obtained endoscopically. All the patients were followed for a long time after surgery, with endoscopy and microscopic and ultrastructural observation of rectal biopsy material taken from different sites in the mucosa, both from areas that looked dysplastic by endoscopy and from those that appeared normal. The two patients with presurgical dysplasia, when examined later, one 12 months and one 18 months after surgery, had no rectal dysplasia; the mucosal covering was moderately complete and the anastomosis was functioning. It is considered that to prevent development of cancer in the rectal stump, colectomy should always be followed by regular topical treatment and there should be a check-up at short intervals for early diagnosis of any premalignant areas that might develop. Regression of such lesion was observed to lesser degrees after continuous treatment with the topical medication.

Adolescent↗