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PubMed2002

Assessment of blood flow velocity waveforms of the pulmonary circulation by multigate spectral Doppler scanning and traditional pulsed Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: To assess (1) pulmonary artery and peripheral pulmonary blood flow by using a multigate spectral Doppler system and standard pulsed color Doppler ultrasonography and (2) the reproducibility of peripheral pulmonary artery blood flow velocity waveforms. METHODS: Thirty-three women were enrolled in the study Fetal pulmonary artery flow velocity waveforms were investigated by multigate spectral Doppler scanning and traditional pulsed Doppler ultrasonography plus color flow mapping. To establish the relationship between these 2 methods, we calculated the correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, and limits of agreement. RESULTS: The 2 methods were not significantly correlated. The range of measurement agreement for these 2 methods suggests that there is a significant difference between the main and peripheral pulmonary artery blood flow, and the difference should be taken into account in the interpretation of Doppler flow velocity studies of the pulmonary artery. CONCLUSIONS: Multigate spectral Doppler scanning with power Doppler imaging may be a better way to assess the average flow impedance in a highly vascularized organ. This technique supplies a large number of Doppler signals in the region of interest and offers a quantified range of Doppler measurements, improving our understanding of fetal hemodynamics.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1994

The pulmonary circulation and the heart in chronic lung disease.

Most studies devoted to the investigation of pulmonary haemodynamics and right ventricular function in chronic lung diseases have concerned patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In COPD, pulmonary hypertension is closely linked to the presence of chronic alveolar hypoxia. Pulmonary hypertension is most often mild to moderate (mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in the range 20-35 mmHg) but it may worsen markedly during acute exacerbations of the disease, sleep and exercise. Long-term oxygen therapy is the logical treatment for hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. In time, pulmonary hypertension leads to right ventricular enlargement, which includes right ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation. This is a beneficial adaptation, allowing the right ventricle to cope with an increased afterload and to maintain a normal cardiac output. The right ventricular function, and in particular the right ventricular contractility, are generally preserved in patients with advanced COPD. "True" right ventricular failure can be observed during acute exacerbations of the disease, when worsening of hypoxaemia induces a marked increase in afterload (PAP and pulmonary vascular resistance).

Heart Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Changes in the hemodynamic indices of the pulmonary circulation and in the functional state of the right ventricular myocardium in stage II hypertension under certain types of hypotensive therapy].

The author observed 76 patients with Stage II essential hypertension undergoing combined therapy with Rauwolfia serpentaria, Isobarine and Hypothiazid, 37 patients treated with Dopegit, and 44--with Obsidan. The examined patients demonstrated pulmonary arterial hypertension or a tendency towards its development, an increasing lung-ear time interval, and a reduced functional capacity of the right ventricular myocardium. A direct correlation was established between the level of blood pressure in the general circulation and the pressure in the pulmonary artery and the degree of blood flow deceleration in the lung-ear interval. Combined therapy results in a reduction of the elevated blood pressure not only in the general, but also in the pulmonary circulation.

Adult↗