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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The populatin dynamics of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae during treatment with suramin and diethylcarbamazine.

During treatment with suramin the numbers of O. volvulus microfilariae in the blood, urine, sputum, and anterior chambers of the eye fell before those in the skin. When diethylcarbamazine (DEC) was given after suramin, increased numbers of microfilariae appeared in the blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sputum, but the increase in the blood was less marked, and of shorter duration, than in similar patients receiving DEC without previous suramin. Microfilariae are thought to enter the urine, sputum and CSF directly from the blood by penetrating the capillary walls in the glomeruli, pulmonary alveoli, and choroid plexuses. Those in the aqueous humour do not appear to come directly from the bloodstream. The total numbers of microfilariae in the skin of some heavily infected onchocerciasis patients are estimated, as are the total numbers moving into the blood-stream under the influence of DEC and the proportion which escape into the urine, sputum and CSF. It is concluded that the majority of the microfilariae which appear in the blood during DEC therapy must be destroyed in the body, probably in the liver.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1976

[Investigations on the Filariidae of the Cervidae in Southern Germany. 4. Onchocerca garmsi Bain and Schulz-Key, 1976, a subcutaneous Filaria of red deer (Cervus elaphus)].

O. garmsi is a filaria living free in the subcutaneous tissues on the chest of red deer. The microfilarial distribution pattern in the skin of the host is studied. The convergent distribution of microfilariae of O. garmsi, O. tubingensis and O. cervicalis on the one hand and of O. tarsicola and W. rugosicauda on the other hand is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The burden of Onchocerca volvulus in Sudan.

Onchocerciasis has been reported in Sudan since 1908 and now prevails in three endemic regions known as the southern, northern and eastern foci. The southern focus is the largest, with nodule and blindness rates exceeding 80% and 12%, respectively, in certain villages. Onchocercal infection in this region causes only a mild skin reaction although microfilarial loads in the skin are high. In contrast, those with onchocerciasis in the northern focus, located between the fourth and fifth Nile cataracts, present with limited but severe skin reactions, low nodule rates (16%), low microfilarial loads in the skin and no ocular involvement. The characteristics of patients from the eastern focus, close to the border with Ethiopian border are similar to those in the north, although most onchocercal skin disease in this area comprises the severe localized pruritus known as sowda.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Onchocerciasis in Malawi. 2. Subjective complaints and decreased weight in persons infected with Onchocerca volvulus in the Thyolo highlands.

In the course of an onchocerciasis survey in southern Malawi, body weight was recorded for 10,335 persons aged 20 years and older, and the body mass index was calculated for 5572. A history of symptomatic complaints was elicited from 5653 persons 20 years of age and older. Persons with microfilariae in the skin snips weighed significantly less than persons with negative skin snips. Symptomatic complaints of musculoskeletal pains, itching, dizziness and poor vision were reported more commonly in the group with microfilariae. These findings suggest that onchocerciasis should no longer be considered a disease affecting the eye and skin only but an infection which produces systemic effects as well. Systemic effects of onchocerciasis may lessen productivity of an endemic region by a process distinct from the effects of visual impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mechanisms of resistance to Onchocerca infection in blackflies.

In this article Peter Ham, Hans Hagen, Andrea Baxter and Jorg Grunewald focus on the susceptibility of blackflies to parasitic filarial infection (particularly Onchocera spp, most of the vectors of which belong to the genus Simulium). They outline what is known about, as well as speculating on, the various defence mechanisms of these insects. Investigations have involved the use of natural and surrogate vectors of bovine onchocerciasis as models for the human vector-parasite relationship.

Journal Article↗