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Results for “NOCARDIA INFECTIONS”

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Clinics in diagnostic imaging (32). Opportunistic pneumonia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A 24-year old HIV-positive patient presented with fever and productive cough. Chest radiograph showed a cavitating pulmonary infiltrate. Diagnosis of Nocardosis was made from modified acid-fast stain of his sputum specimen. He responded well to antibiotics. The radiographic patterns of opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS, with emphasis on cavitary pneumonia, is discussed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1981

Infection of bone by Mycobacterium fortuitum masquerading as Nocardia asteroides.

A case of traumatic osteomyelitis of the leg yielded on culture a branching partially acid-fast organism that failed to respond to therapy directed at Nocardia asteroides. Subsequent laboratory investigation revealed the organism to be Mycobacterium fortuitum. N. asteroides and M. fortuitum can demonstrate similar staining and morphologic patterns microscopically, as well as common colonial and cultural characteristics. Separation can be aided by careful examination of the branching pattern, and can be established by thin-layer chromatography of lipid extracts of the organism. Correct identification of these species in the laboratory is important because of some overlap in their clinical syndromes and because of differences in their susceptibilities to antibiotics.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Nocardia osteomyelitis in the setting of previously unknown HIV infection.

We present a case of primary Nocardia osteomyelitis in the setting of HIV infection. The clinical and radiographic manifestations of musculoskeletal nocardiosis are nonspecific and resemble those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. To our knowledge no other cases of Nocardia osteomyelitis have been reported in the radiology literature.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Primary soft-tissue nocardiosis.

A 20-year-old Latin American man presented with a 4 1/2-year history of a left infrapatellar mass with multiple draining sinuses. Multiple courses of oral antibiotics before referral were unsuccessful in eradicating the mass. Microscopic examination of material obtained by punch, core needle, and incisional biopsies demonstrated nonspecific acute and chronic inflammation. Surgical resection demonstrated an inflammatory mass with multiple abscess cavities. Intraoperative cultures grew Nocardia asteroides. The infection was successfully treated with a prolonged course of a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nocardia, nocardiosis and mycetoma.

The recent emergence of invasive infections due to Nocardia spp., including nosocomial outbreak, is now evident. Newer molecular diagnostic and typing methods are developed. Although sulfonamide-based therapy is generally effective, optimal treatment may be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates. The improved classification of nocardiae and other related genera such as actinomadurae, using the 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, provide a sound basis for improved diagnostic methods for the identification of members of clinically significant species. The commonest cause of eumycetoma in Sudan is Madurella mycetomatis, and Streptomyces somaliensis and Actinomadura madurae for actinomycetoma. The humoral immunity response in actinomycetoma patients and in experimental mice was measured and significant titre of anti-P24 antibody was demonstrated.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1992

Human pulmonary nocardiosis.

The involvement of Nocardia species in human pulmonary infections was investigated. Pulmonary nocardiosis mimics pulmonary tuberculosis in both clinical symptoms and radiological characteristics. In third world countries where diagnosis is based solely on such findings, anti-tuberculosis regimens may indicate chronic tuberculosis when in fact pulmonary nocardiosis should have been treated. Differential diagnosis is recommended for efficient health care and cost-effective drug use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Disseminated nocardiosis in an immunocompetent child.

We report a 2-month-old child with a disseminated Nocardia farcinica infection that presented with suppurative lymphatic abscess. The child did not have any predisposing factors and responded to treatment with co-trimoxazole and amikacin. This is first case report of disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia farcinica in an immunocompetent child.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serological diagnosis of Nocardia brasiliensis and clinical correlation with mycetoma infections.

We previously identified three immunodominant antigens obtained from a Nocardia brasiliensis cell extract and recognized by sera from mycetoma patients (M. C. Salinas-Carmona, L. Vera, O. Welsh, and M. Rodríguez, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. 276:390-397, 1992). In the present work, we obtained a crude extract from a mass culture of N. brasiliensis HUJEG-1 and purified two immunodominant antigens, the 26- and 24-kDa proteins, by using simple physiochemical techniques. With these antigens, we developed a conventional solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and tested 30 serum samples from mycetoma patients, 29 from tuberculosis patients, 24 from a leprosy group, and 31 from healthy individuals. Our results show for the first time statistically significant differences in serology among these groups. All mycetoma patients with a positive culture for N. brasiliensis had absorbance values higher than 0.3. On the other hand, the mycobacterium-infected patients as well as the healthy individuals all had absorbance values below that level. Moreover, we found a close correlation between the clinical condition of the mycetoma patients and the anti-26- and anti-24-kDa protein antibody concentrations. We therefore propose the use of this assay in routine clinical laboratories to confirm the diagnosis of N. brasiliensis infection in human mycetoma cases. In addition, the possible application of this assay in the serodiagnosis of Nocardia asteroides infection is also discussed.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Causes of para-allergy to tuberculin].

Experiments on 56 rabbits infected with microorganisms of the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus revealed that in response to the action of different antigens used T and B systems of immunity induced synthesis of antibodies reactive with nonspecific antigens (mycobacterial antigens, tuberculin). In some cases the statistically significant correlation between the dynamics of blast transformation and the specific lysis of lymphocytes in animals with Nocardia and Rhodococcus infections (in comparison with the controls) was determined when P.P.D. tuberculin was used as specific antigen. In the rabbits sera infected by Nocardia and Rhodococcus complement-fixation and hemagglutination antibodies to mycobacterial antigens were detected. These rabbits also exhibited skin reaction to P.P.D. tuberculin. The presence of common group-specific antigens in Nocardia and Rhodococcus, as well as in mycobacteria, determined the capacity of the former to sensitize experimental animals to tuberculin, with should be taken into consideration in making the allergic test to tuberculosis.

Animals↗