Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Mining”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Cohort mortality study of dust exposed miners in iron mine].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the main diseases jeopardizing the health of the iron miners and to explore the relationship between dust exposure and malignancies as well as other diseases. METHODS: A retrospective study with a cohort of 7,469 workers employed between January 1, 1972 and December 31, 1974 in Daye Iron Ore Mine Co. in Hubei Province was conducted. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated for the main causes of death using Chinese national mortality rates for reference. RESULTS: All subjects were followed up through December 31, 2003 with an accumulation of 199, 108.0 person years. A total of 1,752 workers died. The cumulative mortality was 23.5%. The cancers, cerebrovascular diseases, non-malignant respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases were main diseases that threatened workers' life span. The SMR for all subjects was a little higher than expected based on the Chinese national mortality rates. The diseases causing the significantly higher death rate were the nasopharynx cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, pneumoconiosis and accident with SMR 1.84, 1.51, 1.83, 14.94 and 1.25 respectively. Increased mortality was observed among dust-exposed workers in the cohort. The cumulative mortality from all causes such as stomach cancer, lung cancer, nonmalignant respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and accident in dust exposed workers were significantly increased compared with those in non-exposure workers with RR 1.35, 1.83, 1.61, 2.27, 1.34 and 1.69 respectively. CONCLUSION: The risk factors especially dust exposure affect the health and lifespan of the iron mine workers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and morphologic characteristics of lung cancer in miners of Krivoy Rog iron-ore region and of uranium mines of Zhovti Vody].

Clinical and morphological features of cancer were observed in two groups of miners (of Krivoy Rog iron-ore and Zholty Vody uranium mines), working in hazardous labour conditions. In both of groups the disease course had typical features for lung cancer. Roentgenologic changes were observed, central cancer of left and right lung was revealed by bronchoscopy method. In all the cases lung cancer was morphologically proved and classified as squamous. Rapid progression of the disease and late medical aid appealability cause the patients consulted with their doctors only at the stage of II-III, sometimes III of the disease and it makes a distinction of lung cancer in miners of iron-ore and uranium mines. In order to prevent such a late diagnostics all the miners should be referred to the group of risk on lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Acoustic and vestibular analysers in patients with mine explosion trauma].

The aim of the study was examination of the acoustic and vestibular functions in patients with mine explosion trauma. Acoustic and vestibular functions were studied in 27 patients (16 females and 11 males aged 19-66 years, mean age 37.2 +/- 4.12) admitted to the ENT clinic of Moscow city hospital N 1. All the patients had suffered from explosion in closed space. General clinical and complex otoneurological examinations were made including gustatory and olfactory investigations, studies of the facial skin sensitivity, nasal mucosa, corneal reflex, soft palate motility, audiometry and vestibulometry. The findings of the tests suggested the following conclusions: mine explosion damages hearing by impairment of both sound conduction (85.7%) and sound perception (61.2%), the latter suffering primarily at the cochlear level; damage to the cranial nerves V and XIII occurs at the level of the brain stem; mixed affection of the vestibular analyzer is seen primarily at the level of stem nuclei.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health care and illness in Lihir, New Ireland Province, in the context of the development of the Lihir gold mine.

During 2000 a review of health care and illness in Lihir, New Ireland Province, was carried out while I was employed as a Community Health Research Officer with the Lihir Management Company, the manager of a gold mine on Lihir. The review aim was to document the health care providers for the local population and the illness burden suffered by Lihirians, and then to shape services to have a more preventive emphasis. It was discovered that the health care services available were well utilized by Lihirians. Health care was provided by the church, government and the mining company, and needed better coordination of services. Lihirians faced a relatively heavy burden of illness, with malaria the most common affliction. They also suffered significantly from lymphatic filariasis and tuberculosis, and children were poorly nourished. A considerable number of recommendations have been adopted since the health review to improve the health of, and delivery of health services to Lihirians.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Occupational diseases in South African mines--a neglected epidemic?

A major difficulty in assessing incidence and prevalence of occupational diseases among the workforce employed on South African mines is the lack of epidemiological data. Published and unpublished data were collated and analysed for the period 1915-1988 in order to provide insights into occupational disease trends. Using proxies for incidence rates, it was demonstrated that the rates of silicosis and tuberculosis were likely to be high. In the case of silicosis among black miners, disease was contracted in a relatively short period on average. The stabilisation of the black workforce on the mines, which started in 1975 and continues, is an important factor likely to lead to an increase in occupational disease rates. Recommendations for improved data reporting and research are made, in particular the need to identify occupational groups at high risk and the calculation of prevalences.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of organic and inorganic components of Diesel engine exhaust absorbed on ore-mine aerosol particles].

The article proposes results of research into exhausts' major components absorption in accumulated and floating dusts in ore mines in which self-propelled diesel vehicles are predominantly used. It was established that ore-mine aerosol particles had a large specific surface and contained a high percentage of carbon-black (1,1-35.1%). Different results were received for both organic and non-organic substances' sorption indices. In the samples, in addition to 3,4-benzapyrene, 11 more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified, with concentrations 10-15 times higher than those of 3,4-benzapyrene.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the pulsimetric method for estimating energy value of food rations for miners in deep coal mines].

Pulsimetry proved to be the most acceptable method for estimating energy requirements of miners working under extreme conditions with constantly changing ergometric parameters. It has been established that the mean daily energy requirements of miners working in deep coal mines under conditions of high temperature comprise 3500 kcal. Energy requirements for the main types of the physical activity of workers in deep mines have been calculated, basing on basal metabolism, metabolic constants for varying activities have been determined.

Coal Mining↗
PubMed1991

[Supplementary criteria of evaluation of health status in selecting the personnel for work in coal mines].

200 newly-engaged young miners were medically examined in an outpatient department. The routine examination techniques were supplemented with studies of the changes after 2 minute-long inhalations of 0.6% acetylcholine chloride and mine dust (78 mg/m3), hemodynamics and electrocardiography indices, as well as the indices of the immunologic and hormonal state. Established was diversified manifestations of the respiratory tract's response to the aerogenic irritations, combined with deviations in the immunologic state indices. The studies provide basis for further improvements in the preventive examination techniques for workers in coal-mining industries.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of malaria and economic loss in two major iron ore mines in Sundargarh district, Orissa.

A cross-sectional study on malaria was undertaken in May 1989 in the settlements of Kalta and Barsuan iron ore mines situated in a hilly area of Sundargarh district. Fever surveys revealed slide positivity rates of 33.9% and 34.8% in Kalta and Barsuan, respectively. Malaria infection rates as recorded through mass blood surveys in the resident population were 23.5 and 13.8%, respectively. Children up to 9 years age suffered most from malaria and in the age group of 2-9 years 37.3%, children had enlarged spleens with an average enlarged spleen (AES) index of 1.7. P. falciparum was the most prevalent species followed by P. vivax and P. malariae. Malaria vectors viz., An. fluviatilis and An. culicifacies were present in high densities. The present paper also brings out the economic loss due to malaria to the mining industry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of the effect of the detergent Rokafenol N-8 on the development and course of experimental pneumoconiosis caused by coal mine dust].

Experimental investigation was conducted in order to evaluate the impact of the Rokafenol N-8 detergent upon the development and course of experimental pneumoconiosis caused by mine dusts. albino rats were used for the experiment. Methodological assumptions were elaborated based on the analogy with the conditions observed at the workplaces, where means of dustiness control are used. Following experiments constituted the basis for the evaluation of the influence of Rokafenol N-8 detergent upon the development of pneumoconiotic and reactive changes in the lungs of experimental animals: following the introduction of the dust suspended in Rokafenol N-8 solution into the lungs, and following the intratracheal dust introduction--the animals were exposed to Rokafenol N-8 aerosol. After the close of the experimental period (3 and 6 months respectively), histopathological investigation of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes, and the hydroxyproline (collagen) levels in the pulmonary tissue were determined. On the basis of the investigation results obtained it has been established that Rokafenol N-8 does not eliminate coniotic changes caused by mine dusts, and additionally, it presents an impact detrimental for the organism. Rokafenol N-8 administered both intratracheally and through inhalation causes a significant increase in the hydroxyproline (collagen) level in the pulmonary tissue.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1991

[Occupational hygiene and miners' health status in the main coal mining areas of the RSFSR].

The article deals with the methological issues of preventive measures in the process of technological restructuring of mines in the Russian Federation, with due account of the hygienic stratification of different mines as to the degrees of the labour conditions' potential hazardness, regularities in and prognostics of occupational pathologies decreases and morbidity with temporary disability rates.

Anthracosilicosis↗
PubMed1991

[Occupational morbidity of miners engaged in the capital building of iron ore mines].

The article contains data on the 1961-1985 occupational morbidity rates in the workers engaged in the Krivbass iron-ore mines, and narrates on the morbidity rates, structure and dynamics for different professions, age-groups and duration of work. An analysis is given of the concomitant somatic diseases, along with proposals for investigating ways and means of improving technologies in non-blasting iron-ore mines.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of 1-octen-3-ol as an attractant for Coquillettidia perturbans, Mansonia spp. and Culex spp. associated with phosphate mining operations.

Field studies were conducted in phosphate mined areas of Polk County, FL, to determine the responses of mosquitoes produced as a result of mining operations to octenol and carbon dioxide. There was a highly significant response of all species except Culex erraticus and Anopheles quadrimaculatus to CO2. Also, a significant negative octenol response was shown for An. quadrimaculatus. Coquillettidia perturbans, Mansonia titillans and Cx. salinarius had an increased response to octenol relative to no attractant. There was a slightly negative interactive effect between octenol and 500 cc/min CO2 for Anopheles spp. and Culex (Melanoconion) spp. Both Cq. perturbans and Ma. titillans showed a significant synergistic enhancement in catch with octenol supplemented CO2 when compared with CO2 alone. However, their response to CO2 was not significantly different at 2 release rates (200 and 500 cc/min). There was a slightly greater than additive effect for the combination of octenol and CO2 for Cx. nigripalpus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Occupationally-induced diseases, a contribution to epidemiologic methodology with results from mining].

For mining exposures the work-relatedness of morbidity measures and functional organ-related disorders was analysed on the base of data concerning medical screening, occupational exposure and disablement. Morbidity corresponds with intensity of occupational exposure. Using risiko measures results for disorders were interpreted in relation to a hypothesis, which allows to distinguish in our opinion diseases without work-relatedness from work-related and occupational diseases. The availability of a "normal exposed" control group and the choice of a well-defined exposed group, for which the definition of selected diseases as work-related is applicable alone, are decisive for the results. For mining exposures functional disorders of muscular and skeletal system require particular consideration.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1991

[Physiological and hygienic evaluation of controllers' work in coal mines].

The article contains data on the results of the on-the-spot studies of coal mine controllers' labour conditions and relating hygienic factors. It was established that the work at the dispatcher's control point in coal mines was considerably affected by unfavourable factors (low degree of illumination, constructional shortcomings of the control point and seat) with concomitant neuropsychic stress conditions. Revealed were specific functional shifts in CVS and CNS, neuromuscular disorders and the analyzers' malfunctioning. A set of measures was proposed for labour conditions improvement, ergometric perfection of the working place and reduction of neuroemotional tension.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental study on induction of lung cancer in hamster by fifteen chemical elements in the industrial dust from Yunnan Tin and other mines].

To exclude the carcinogenicity of trace radioactive elements in the mine powder and flue dust and clarify those inorganic chemical elements related to carcinogenesis of lung cancer, 15 non-radioactive inorganic chemical elements (CM1) responsible for mutagenesis, tumorigenesis and promotion of cancer from mine powder and flue dust were mixed for Ames test and carcinoma-inducing-experiment in animals. The results were as follows: 1. Ames test of CM1 showed positivity. 2. Lung cancer-inducing-experiment of CM1 in the hamster was successful with an incidence of 8.8% whereas in the control group, no lung cancer developed which showed that CM1 was related to the development of lung cancer. 3. Hyperplastic cells under light microscope showed Type II alveolar cells and Clara cells under electron microscope. It is possible that hyperplastic, precancerous and malignant cells in the lung are derived from these two kinds of cells. One case of multiple microcarcinoma was found in this experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Measurement systems and indices of miners' exposure to radon daughter products in the air of mines.

This paper presents the classification of measurement systems that may be used for the assessment of miners' exposure to radiation in mines. The following systems were described and characterized as the Air Sampling System (ASS), the Environmental Control System (ECS), the Individual Dosimetry System (IDS), the Stream Monitoring System (SMS) and the Exhaust Monitoring System (EMS). The indices for evaluation of miners' working environments, or for assessment of individual or collective miners' exposure, were selected and determined. These are: average expected concentration (CAE), average observed concentration (CAO), average expected rate of exposure cumulation rate (EEXP), average observed exposure cumulation rate (EOBS), average effective exposure cumulation rate (EEFF). Mathematical formulae for determining all these indicators, according to the type of measurement system used in particular mines, are presented. The reliability of assessment of miners' exposure in particular measurement systems, as well as the role of the possible reference system, are discussed.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗