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Results for “Knee Dislocation”

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PubMed1986

Isolated dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint.

We have reported the case of an anterolateral dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint in a soccer player, apparently the second case in the literature. As in that reported by O'Rourke and McManus, this patient was attempting to gain his balance and this may indeed be an important contributing factor. Ogden's classification is now well accepted and has been reviewed along with a discussion of the mechanisms of injury. The diagnosis can generally be made by clinical examination and confirmed by roentgenographs. Treatment usually consists of closed reduction with 3 weeks of casting. In complicated cases, however, resection of the fibular head may be required.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Management of compound injuries of the lower extremity.

The reconstructive surgeon experienced in the use of rotated or free muscle and myocutaneous flaps, skilled in microvascular surgery, and interested in lower extremity trauma, may favorably alter the course of management of these historically difficult problems. It can be of great advantage to the patient if this surgeon is involved in the primary evaluation, so that all initial therapy can be performed with the future reconstructive goals in mind.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ambulation in patients with myelomeningocele: a multivariate statistical analysis.

Factors determining ambulation in 163 patients with myelomeningocele were studied by a multivariate statistical method. Neurological dysfunction unrelated to the plaque was analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging. There were no ambulators at the thoracic or L1-L2 level. At the L3 level, 54% ambulated, and at the L4 level, 67% ambulated. Eighty percent were ambulators at L5 and all at the sacral level. Below L1-L2, one-half of the nonambulators had neurological deficiencies caused by syringohydromyelia or Chiari malformations preventing ambulation. Severe scoliosis was closely, age moderately, and hip flexion contracture slightly related to the inability of the other nonambulators to walk, while pelvic obliquity, hip dislocation, or knee flexion contracture was not.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Avulsion fractures of the patella.

Forty-seven skeletally immature patients with marginal fractures of the patella were evaluated. We showed that avulsion fractures may affect the superior, inferior, and medial margins of the patella, separating through the subchondral bone along the biomechanically susceptible margin of progressive chondroosseous transformation and expansion of the ossification center. In children, the small size of the osseous fragment may belie the actual size of the more peripheral, radiolucent cartilaginous component. Treatment may be either conservative or operative, depending on the extent of separation of the fragments and the functional capacity of the patellar/quadriceps mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fractures of the distal femoral epiphyseal plate.

A retrospective analysis of 30 consecutive fractures of the distal femoral epiphyseal plate showed the best results occurred when fractures were anatomically reduced and fixed with pins. No fractures with internal fixation displaced, whereas 43% of fractures reduced without fixation displaced during cast treatment. Complications were more frequent in displaced than nondisplaced fractures. We were unable to demonstrate that gentle reduction under general anesthesia offered protection against subsequent physeal arrest when compared with closed reduction in the emergency room; however, reductions in the operating room were more likely to be anatomic.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The correlation of canine patellar luxation and the anteversion angle as measured using magnetic resonance images.

Measurements from magnetic resonance (MR) images can be used to examine the anteversion angle (AT-angle) and its influence on the lateromedial or mediolateral luxating forces on the patella. The AT-angle of the femoral neck was measured with the aid of MR imaging in 45 pelvic limbs without patellar instability, in 33 limbs with patellar luxation and in 6 limbs with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. The limbs with medial patellar luxation were divided into three groups based on clinical examination. The mean (range) AT-angle was 7.6 degrees (0 degrees to 24 degrees) in the "normal" group, 8.6 degrees (-10 degrees to 29 degrees) in the group "grade II," and -0.4 degrees in the group "grade III" (-28 degrees to 12 degrees). A mean (range) AT-angle of 4.8 (-4 degrees to 11 degrees) was measured in the pelvic limbs with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Compared to literature that described AT-angles based on radiographs of normal limbs, reduced AT-angles were found in this study due to different lines of measurement of the femoral neck. This study documents that the AT-angle of the femoral neck does not influence patellar instability. This study also demonstrates that MR images can be used to make exact measurements of the canine AT-angle that represent the true anatomy of the femoral neck.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Popliteal sesamoid displacement associated with cruciate rupture in the dog.

Distal displacement of the popliteal sesamoid is a useful parameter in the interpretation of tibial compression radiographs in cases of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog. An accuracy of 99 per cent and a specificity of 100 per cent were achieved by assessing the localisation of the sesamoid bone in the diagnosis of cruciate disease.

Animals↗