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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[The first pregnancy and birth after cryopreservation of oocytes in the Czech Republic--importance of the method for reproductive medicine].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to develop methods for successful cryopreservation of human oocytes. DESIGN: Case-controlled study and case report. SETTING: Sanatorium Pronatal, Prague. METHODS: Propanediol (PrOH)-sucrose was used as cryoprotectant medium for cumulus-free oocytes and stepwise dilution of cryoprotectant post-thaw. RESULTS: The method was used in three patients (38 denuded oocytes) and yielded excellent survival and fertilization rates (89.5% and 73.5% respectively). In all patients embryo-transfer was possible, one patient got pregnant and delivered a healthy baby. CONCLUSION: Our data show that cryopreservation may ensure that the integrity of the human oocyte is adequate for normal fertilization and embryo development.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The association of body fat distribution with lifestyle and reproductive factors in a population study of postmenopausal women.

We examined the cross-sectional association of fat distribution with a number of lifestyle and reproductive factors in a random sample of 40,980 postmenopausal women, aged 55 to 69 years. The relationship of weight history with current fat distribution was also explored. Body fat distribution, defined by the ratio of waist-to-hip circumferences (WHR), was most strongly related to body mass index (BMI). WHR was also significantly and negatively associated with physical activity, alcohol consumption, and education, and was significantly positively associated with age, cigarette smoking, and a number of reproductive factors, such as history of infertility, number of live births, age at first live birth, and replacement estrogen use. WHR was not related to past BMIs, after adjusting for current body mass. The best-fit final regression model included (beta +/- s.e.) age (0.003 +/- 0.0001), BMI (0.02 +/- 0.0005), a curvilinear term for BMI (-0.0002 +/- 0.00001), greater than high school education (-0.007 +/- 0.001), cigarette smoking (0.02 +/- 0.001), alcohol drinker (-0.005 +/- 0.001), and number of live births (0.001 +/- 0.0002). The model R2 was 0.21. BMI (R2 = 0.18) and age (R2 = 0.02) accounted for most of the variation in WHR. The association of these lifestyle and reproductive factors with WHR suggests that the deposition of fat in the abdominal versus the gluteal region may be influenced somewhat by factors other than overall adiposity and genetics.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1990

Preference for infant-directed speech in the first month after birth.

2 experiments examined behavioral preferences for infant-directed (ID) speech over adult-directed (AD) speech in young infants. Using a modification of the visual-fixation-based auditory-preference procedure, Experiments 1 and 2 examined whether 12 1-month-old and 16 2-day-old infants looked longer at a visual stimulus when looking produced ID as opposed to AD speech. The results showed that both 1-month-olds and newborns preferred ID over AD speech. Although the absolute magnitude of the ID speech preference was significantly greater, with the older infants showing longer looking durations than the younger infants, subsequent analyses showed no significant difference in the relative magnitude of this effect. Differences in overall looking times between the 2 groups apparently reflect task variables rather than differences in speech processing. These results suggest that infants' preference for the exaggerated prosodic features of ID speech is present from birth and may not depend on any specific postnatal experience. However, the possible role of prenatal auditory experience with speech is considered.

Attention↗
PubMed1989

Effect of intraperitoneal administration of amino acids on the food intake of piglets on a liquid diet during the first month after birth.

The effect of single intraperitoneal 1 g.kg-1 doses of a solution of 20 amino acids (AA) on food intake was investigated in 20 piglets examined repeatedly between 2 and 26 days of age. The animals were reared individually from day 1 after birth in cages and bottle-fed a liquid diet nine times per day at two-hour intervals from 6 to 22 h. Although amino acid administration did not significantly affect plasma concentrations of total free AA throughout the experiment (as measured just before and 2 and 5 h after AA administration in blood withdrawn from the external jugular vein) it did produce a downward trend in food intake of piglets at 9-10 d of age. In older animals, the depressive effect on food intake was significantly greater and lasted longer. It is suggested that the aminostatic component of food intake regulation in piglets does not begin to operate until the weaning period.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Microcirculatory measurements in the same conscious rats (WKY and SHR) during their first year from birth.

To study peripheral circulation, it is desirable to avoid anesthesia and surgical trauma to the experimental animal. The depilated auricle (external ear) of rat provides this as a model and is used to facilitate numerous analyses of age-related changes in hemodynamics in the same animal. The rat is placed in a plastic tube and the right auricle is positioned on a transparent block with electronically controlled temperature using intravital microscopic techniques (transmitted light). Red blood cell (RBC) velocities and capillary diameters (phi cap, column of blood) were measured in the course of 15 months from birth (flying spot technique, angiometer or ruler). Between week 13 to week 27 from birth, RBC-velocities increase significantly (p less than 0.01) to steady-state levels (WKY: 0.16 mm/s; SHR:0.19 mm/s); the velocities were higher in SHR than in WKY (about 20 to 25%). phi cap decrease from values of about 7.0 microns to 6.3 microns (p less than 0.05). RBC-velocities depend on ambient temperature and reach maximum values between 35 degrees C and 37 degrees C surface temperature.

Aging↗