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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Osteoporosis and fracture patterns. A study of split-compression fractures of the lateral tibial condyle.

The initial radiographs of 42 split-compression fractures of the lateral tibial condyle were studied. The breadth of the wedge-shaped fragments, measured at the level of the articular surface, was found to decrease with increasing severity of osteoporosis. Ranks were assigned to the breadths and average ranks to the grades (low ranks for normals). Spearman's rank correlation co-efficient was -0.507, which is significant at the 1% level. The length of the fragments showed a similar decrease with advancing bone loss. Rank correlation with the degree of osteoporosis was -0.393, which is significant at the 5% level. These results support the hypothesis that the fracture pattern depends on the changes in bony architecture which results from osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of 75 operated thoracolumbar fractures and fracture dislocations with and without neurological deficit.

Seventy-five surgically treated patients with thoracolumbar fractures and fracture dislocations, operated on between 1978 and 1982 at the Orthopedic Department of the University of Basel, were analyzed. The follow-up ranged from 18 months to 6 years. There were 45 men and 21 women, and 60% of the patients were not more than 30 years old. Additional injuries were common: 30% of the patients had craniocerebral injuries and 20% were polytraumatized. Ninety-six percent of all patients reached a hospital within 6 h, but only 23% initially presented at a center for spinal surgery. Sixteen patients had anterior surgery (fusion alone or with plating), and two of these had laminectomy as a second operation. Fifty-seven patients had posterior surgery, in 34 cases combined with a laminectomy. The Harrington instrumentation was used 45 times (29 distraction, 14 compression, and two combinations of distraction and compression rods). Luque rods with segmental sublaminar wiring was used seven times, the locking-hook distraction-rod system of Jacobs twice, and miscellaneous procedures five times. A total of 24 patients (greater than 30%) presenting neurological deficits improved postoperatively. None of the 18 patients with normal neurological findings deteriorated during the operation. Neurological improvement was seen more frequently after early than after delayed surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant. Laminectomy had no statistically significant effect on postoperative neurological status. Twenty-two patients required reoperation because of insufficient or failed instrumentation. Luque instrumentation had the highest rate of reoperations. Anterior surgery did not prove superior to posterior procedures. Hospitalization and immobilization time was significantly reduced with surgery for the neurologically normal or minimally damaged patients, but not for completely or incompletely paraplegic patients. Postoperative back pain occurred in 22 patients, of whom 14 had nonanatomic postoperative reductions. Complications directly due to the surgery were rare. It is our conclusion that the instrumentation used in this series was not good enough to be proposed for standardized use. These technically unsatisfactory results induced the development of the internal fixator system in the senior author's (E.M.) department.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Giardia duodenalis: a freeze-fracture, fracture-flip and cytochemistry study.

The freeze-fracture technique was used to study the structural organization of the membranes of trophozoites of the protozoon Giardia duodenalis. No special array of intramembranous particles was observed in the membrane lining the protozoon body or the flagella. A large globular protuberance located in the ventral region displayed several small circular indentations similar to those seen in the dorsal region. These also occurred on the parasite surface as revealed in fracture-flip replicas. A large number of vesicles were observed below the plasma membrane; they corresponded to an acidic compartment as indicated by fluorescence microscopy of acridine orange-stained cells and contained acid phosphatase as indicated by cytochemistry. In addition, gold-labeled macromolecules (albumin, peroxidase, transferrin, and low-density lipoprotein) accumulated in the vesicles. These observations suggest that the peripheral vesicles of trophozoites are part of the endosomal-lysosomal system of G. duodenalis.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2001

Traumatic posterior atlantooccipital dislocation with Jefferson fracture and fracture-dislocation of C6-C7: a case report with survival.

Atlantooccipital dislocation (AOD) is a rare and usually fatal injury. In the current study, the authors reported an extremely rare case of posterior AOD with Jefferson fracture and fracture-dislocation of C6-C7. The patient survived the injury and had only incomplete quadriplegia below the C7 segment with anterior cord syndrome. He was successfully managed with in situ occipitocervical fusion using the Cotrel-Dubousset rod system, corpectomy of C6, and anterior interbody fusion of C5-C7 with plating. To our knowledge, this is the first report of posterior AOD with two other non-contiguous cervical spine injuries. A high index of suspicion and careful examination of the upper cervical spine should be considered as the key to the diagnosis of AOD in cases that involve multiple or lower cervical spine injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pathology of spinal cord injuries due to fracture and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine.

Autopsy was performed on 31 patients with spinal cord injuries at Chugoku Rosai Hospital between 1957 and 1987. The pathology of intervertebral disc injuries and hyperextension injuries of the cervical spine have been reported previously. This paper describes and discusses the pathological features of spinal cord injuries of 11 patients with fracture and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine. Sex, age, cause of injuries, bone injuries seen on roentgenograms, level and grade of neurological deficits, survival time, and findings of postmortem studies are presented in the table. Roentgenograms and pathological features of five cases are illustrated in color.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Traumatic medial malleolar fracture of a fibula flap donor leg.

A 50-year-old male presented with a T4 N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth and alveolus. Treatment included a partial mandibulectomy with a free osseocutaneous fibula flap reconstruction. He made a good postoperative recovery and was given adjuvant radiotherapy. No problems were reported with the donor site or ankle. Five months after harvesting the flap the patient sustained a fracture of the medial malleolus having jumped over a ditch playing golf. This was treated successfully with a below knee plaster of Paris cast. The interosseous membrane was not ruptured in the accident indicating that the distal fibula left in situ was adequate to maintain the integrity of the mortice. A degree of ankle instability may be present after fibula flap harvest which is only revealed by athletic activity. (c) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd Copyright 2000 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons DOI: 10.1054/bjps.1999.3227.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Simultaneous avulsion fracture of the insertion of the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.

We present a case of simultaneous avulsion fracture of the insertion on the volar base of the proximal phalanx of the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. To our knowledge this combination has never been published before. The mechanism of this injury is not clearly understood. (c) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd Copyright 2000 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons DOI: 10.1054/bjps.1999.3227.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: localization of wheat-germ agglutinin and concanavalin A binding sites on freeze-fractured pancreatic cells.

The combined application of thin-section and critical-point-drying "fracture-label" is used to determine the pattern of distribution and partition of wheat-germ agglutinin and concanavalin A binding sites on the membrane faces of freeze-fractured exocrine and endocrine rat pancreatic cells. Whereas the exoplasmic face of plasma membrane is preferentially labeled by both lectins, the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope are strongly and uniformly labeled by concanavalin A but not by wheat-germ agglutinin. The results support current views in the glycosylation of membrane proteins and do not support the backflow of sialidated glycoproteins to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Lumbosacral fracture-subluxation associated with bilateral fractures of the first sacral pedicles: a case report and review of the literature.

A case of an unusual lumbosacral fracture-subluxation associated with bilateral fractures of the first sacral pedicles is described. The authors are aware of only one reported case in the literature. A 58-year-old man was involved in an accident during which his trunk was severely twisted toward the left and flexed. He also demonstrated L5 and S1 radiculopathies. He was successfully treated with surgical decompression of the L5 and S1 nerve roots with bilateral foraminotomies, followed by posterolateral arthrodesis at the lumbosacral junction using a transpedicular screw system that extended fixation into the ilia.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1978

Cervical fractures and fracture-dislocations sustained without head impact.

Because of its flexibility and structure, the cervical spine is disposed to various mechanisms of injury: although not so common as injuries caused by head impacts, cervical fractures and/or fracture-dislocations have been reported without direct impact to the head. Some cervical injuries reported have been sustained by wearers of lap and shoulder belts in auto accidents; however, we do not consider belt use a potential hazard because ample evidence has accrued in the medical and engineering literature to document general injury and fatality reduction by use of seatbelts. We believe that in many instances occupants would be more seriously injured or killed were belts not worn. The present paper reviews reports of cervical injuries without head impact found in the literature and case histories of such injuries from the Highway Safety Research Institute of The University of Michigan, as well as experimental studies in animals, cadavers, and volunteer subjects.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1989

Combination Jefferson fracture of C1 and type II odontoid fracture requiring surgery: report of two cases.

Two cases of simultaneous Jefferson fracture of C1 and Type II odontoid fracture requiring surgical stabilization are reported. One patient required early stabilization because alignment could not be maintained in a halo vest, and the second patient required late stabilization for nonunion after a 3-month period of immobilization in a two-poster cervical brace. Although this uncommon injury can often be managed conservatively, surgical fusion will need to be considered in the setting of early or late instability.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supracondylar fractures of the femur in children: closed reduction and percutaneous pinning of displaced fractures.

The authors reviewed nine children with 10 displaced supracondylar femoral fractures that were treated by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. The average age of the patients was 8.3 years (range 5-13). After removal of the pins and plaster at 5 weeks, full range of movement was regained within 3 weeks. At late follow-up (average 7.4 years [range 4-10]), seven of the eight patients reviewed (nine fractures) had a satisfactory result. One patient had a valgus deformity of 6 degrees. There was no growth plate arrest and no leg length discrepancy. Intra-articular pin placement was avoided, considering the different synovial attachments on the medial and lateral sides. One patient developed a common peroneal nerve palsy, and therefore a cadaver study was performed to determine whether movement of the knee after pin placement affected the nerve. Although the lateral pin did tether the iliotibial band, the common peroneal nerve was not affected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Forced eruption after crown/root fracture with a simple and aesthetic method using the fractured crown.

Forced eruption offers a method of treatment of teeth fractured close to the alveolar crest. We introduce a modification of this common technique. The fractured fragment of a patient's crown is bonded to the adjacent teeth and used as anchorage, permitting the root extrusion while offering acceptable aesthetics. The bonded crown does not impede the eruption of the root so that the frequent occlusal adjustment of other methods is not required. The final result is acceptable and a low cost alternative to common techniques.

Adult↗