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Results for “Choline Deficiency”

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At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Inhibition of hepatocarcinogenesis in mice by dietary methyl donors methionine and choline.

A dietary deficiency of methyl donors, the lipotropes methionine and choline, enhances the activity of hepatocarcinogens in rodents. To determine if the reverse is true, an excess of dietary choline, methionine, or both was fed to male mice given a carcinogenic dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Fifty weeks following the last dose of AFB1, all survivors were killed then examined for tumor incidence, and samples of nontumorous liver tissue were assayed for activities of mixed function oxidases (MFO). Survival was best in the high-methionine/high-choline group, with 36/38 surviving to termination of the study. Survival in the other groups was 35/38, 30/70, 33/38, and 34/37 in control with no AFB1, control with AFB1, groups with high methionine, and high choline, respectively. Combined adenoma/carcinoma incidence was 8/38, 30/37, 21/38, 20/37, and 10/38 in groups control with no AFB1, control with AFB1, high methione with AFB1, high choline with AFB1, and high choline and high methionine with AFB1, respectively. Cytochrome P450, cytochrome B5, cytochrome C, and ethylmorphine N-demethylase activities were all increased over controls, with most marked increases in the cytochrome P450 and ethylmorphine N-demethylase activities. The data presented here document a protective effect of dietary methyl donors on AFB1-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice probably acting, in part, via activation/detoxification mechanisms favoring an increased balance in detoxification of AFB1.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1990

Brain neurotransmitter changes in three patients who had a fatal hyperthermia syndrome.

The authors examined the autopsied brains from three patients who had a fatal hyperthermia syndrome. There was marked hypothalamic noradrenaline depletion in all three patients, severe brain choline acetyltransferase deficiency with nucleus basalis cell loss in two patients, and mild to moderate brain choline acetyltransferase loss in one patient. Striatal dopamine metabolite/dopamine ratio was below normal in two patients and not elevated, as would be expected after short-term neuroleptic administration, in the third. This suggests that reduced capability (aggravated by the cholinergic deficit) of the nigrostriatal dopamine system to respond adequately to stress and/or neuroleptic-induced receptor blockade may be important in the development and course of fatal hyperthermia syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The effect of lithium on choline transport in human erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes from lithium treated patients were separated according to the time they had been circulating in the plasma. Choline transport and choline content were measured in the erythrocyte fractions separated according to age, in order to investigate the relationship between decreased choline transport and increased choline content seen in lithium treated patients. The most recently formed erythrocytes of normal subjects had the greatest choline content and the most active choline carrier. The erythrocytes of lithium treated patients had reduced choline carrier activity and increased choline content in all age bands. However the greatest accumulation of choline and least inhibited choline carrier activity was seen in the most recently formed cells. The alteration in phospholipid concentrations measured could not of themselves account for elevated erythrocyte choline levels seen in lithium treated patients. It is concluded that the increase in choline content levels in lithiated erythrocytes does not have a simple inverse relationship with the deficiency in choline transport. The inhibition of the choline carrier is caused by modification due to circulation in lithiated plasma rather than a lack of its synthesis in reticulocytes.

Choline↗