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PubMedDate not supplied

Informatics at the National Institutes of Health: a call to action.

Biomedical informatics, imaging, and engineering are major forces driving the knowledge revolutions that are shaping the agendas for biomedical research and clinical medicine in the 21st century. These disciplines produce the tools and techniques to advance biomedical research, and continually feed new technologies and procedures into clinical medicine. To sustain this force, an increased investment is needed in the physics, biomedical science, engineering, mathematics, information science, and computer science undergirding biomedical informatics, engineering, and imaging. This investment should be made primarily through the National Institutes of Health (NIH). However, the NIH is not structured to support such disciplines as biomedical informatics, engineering, and imaging that cross boundaries between disease- and organ-oriented institutes. The solution to this dilemma is the creation of a new institute or center at the NIH devoted to biomedical imaging, engineering, and informatics. Bills are being introduced into the 106th Congress to authorize such an entity. The pathway is long and arduous, from the introduction of bills in the House and Senate to the realization of new opportunities for biomedical informatics, engineering, and imaging at the NIH. There are many opportunities for medical informaticians to contribute to this realization.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1993

Metabolic engineering--methodologies and future prospects.

Attempts to improve the productivity of cellular systems or to increase metabolite yield often require radical alteration of the flux through primary metabolic pathways. However, achieving the desired result often proves difficult because the control architectures at key branch points have evolved to resist flux changes. Identification and characterization of these metabolic nodes is a prerequisite to rational metabolic engineering.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized maintenance management systems: how to match your department's needs with commercially available products.

Computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) are used by clinical engineering departments to collect, store, analyze and report data on the repair and maintenance performed on medical devices and other equipment. Evaluation of commercial CMMS require a careful requirements analysis and then a comprehensive evaluation of the products available in the marketplace that can come the closest to meeting those requirements. This paper provides a comprehensive list of evaluation questions to use to determine the best software system for a clinical engineering department's needs.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2002

Tissue-engineered skin substitutes.

The last two years have seen new tissue-engineered skin substitutes come onto the market and begin to resolve the various roles to which each is best suited. It is becoming evident that some of the very expensive cell-based products have cost-benefit advantage despite their high price and are valuable within the restricted applications for which they are intended. The use of skin substitutes for testing purposes has extended from epidermal keratinocytes to other integumentary epithelia and into preparations containing multiple cell types in which reactions resulting from paracrine interactions can be examined. Challenges remain in the application of gene therapy techniques to skin substitutes, both the control of transgene expression and in the selection of suitable genes to transfect. A coming challenge is the production of tissue-engineered products without the use of animal products other than human cells. A challenge that may be diminishing is the importance of acute rejection of allogeneic tissue-engineered skin substitutes.

Animals↗