Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Arm Injuries”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Penetrating arterial trauma. Analysis of missed vascular injuries.

From 1976 to 1981, 677 patients with potential vascular injuries from penetrating wounds to the upper and lower extremities and the neck were treated. Surgical exploration was used to evaluate 237 patients; 440 patients were evaluated by arteriography alone, with negative results. In the group that underwent surgery, there were 137 arterial injuries detected. Follow-up studies were performed to assess the rate of missed vascular injuries using each diagnostic modality. Short-term follow-up was obtained in 81% of all patients. Long-term follow-up, averaging 5.1 years, was obtained in 33% of the patients. Vascular injuries, which went undetected at the time of initial evaluation, were present in both the group evaluated by vascular exploration and the arteriography group. The combination of arteriography and exploration detected no missed injuries on follow-up.

Angiography↗
PubMed2000

Manual wheelchair pushrim biomechanics and axle position.

OBJECTIVE: The biomechanics of wheelchair propulsion have been linked to upper extremity injury. Specifically, prior studies have correlated increased median nerve dysfunction with increasing propulsion frequency and a higher rate of rise of the resultant, or total, pushrim force. Despite this link, there is little research on the effect of wheelchair setup on propulsion biomechanics. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of rear axle position relative to the shoulder on pushrim biomechanics. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Forty individuals with paraplegia who use manual wheelchairs for mobility. INTERVENTION: Subjects propelled their own wheelchairs on a dynamometer at two different steady-state speeds and going from a dead stop to maximum speed. Bilateral biomechanical data were obtained using a force- and moment-sensing pushrim and a motion analysis system. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Position of the axle relative to the shoulder at rest both horizontal (XPOS) and vertical (YPOS), and pushrim biomechanical variables including frequency of propulsion, peak and rate of rise of the resultant force, planar moment, and push angle. Partial correlation coefficients between relative axle position and propulsion biomechanics variables were calculated. RESULTS: After controlling for subject characteristics, XPOS was significantly correlated with the frequency of propulsion (p < .01) and the rate of rise of the resultant force (p < .05). In addition, both XPOS and YPOS were significantly correlated with the push angle at multiple speeds (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Specific biomechanical parameters known to correlate with median nerve injuries were found to be related to axle position relative to the shoulder. Providing wheelchair users with adjustable axle position and then fitting the user to the wheelchair can improve propulsion biomechanics and likely reduce the risk of injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Arterial shunting as an adjunct to major limb revascularization.

Temporary arterial and venous shunting has been employed to reduce warm ischemia in major limb replantation and revascularization on eight occasions. This has allowed identification of vital structures, thorough debridement, and rigid internal or external skeletal fixation prior to definitive arterial repair. Arterial shunting has not been associated with any significant complications and has improved our operative technique in these severe vascular injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Gunshot wounds of the extremities in children.

A ten-year review of gunshot trauma in Manitoba was prompted by an increasing incidence in gunshot trauma in children. Of 54 children treated from 1964 through 1973 60% sustained injury to one or more extremities. Fifteen children sustained long bone fractures, usually complete and often comminuted. All fractures united and there was only one instance of osteomyelitis. The major complication in gunshot wounds to the skeletally immature was limb length inequality secondary to epiphyseal plate injuries. This complication occurred in nine children. In three children there was in epiphyseal growth disturbance, even though the missile did not appear to pass through the plate but only in close proximity to it. Joint contractures secondary to skin loss and resulting subsequent skin contracture were also common. The amount of debridement required following gunshot trauma in children appears to be somewhat less than is recommended for similar injuries sustained by adults in time of war.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Temporary intraluminal shunts: resolution of a management dilemma in complex vascular injuries.

Complex vascular injuries of the extremities in which acute arterial insufficiency is combined with severe or prolonged shock, extended periods of ischemia, or associated fractures or soft-tissue injuries have unacceptably high limb loss rates, frequently because the allowable warm ischemia time for skeletal muscle is exceeded before adequate revascularization. In a 1-year period, ten patients with complex vascular injuries identified at our metropolitan trauma center underwent routine introduction of temporary plastic intravascular shunts at the site of vessel disruption, thus permitting immediate limb revascularization. This rapid reperfusion permitted appropriate attention to be directed toward skeletal fixation, soft-tissue debridement, and other procedures without the urgency usually associated with the presence of acute limb ischemia. Following various local and distant orthopedic or general surgical procedures, arterial and venous continuity were uneventfully re-established. This experience suggests that the routine use of plastic intraluminal shunts in complex vascular injuries of the extremities has the distinct potential of reducing the excess morbidity from prolonged acute arterial insufficiency noted in such injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Results of suture of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves after missile injury below the axilla.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional outcome and return to work after suture of upper extremity nerves after low-velocity missile injury. METHODS: Forty-one patients had suture of the radial, median, and/or ulnar nerves between the wrist and axilla, 3 to 17 weeks after low-velocity missile injury. Postoperative functional outcome was good if no supplemental techniques (permanent splints, tendon or muscle transfer, fusion) were required, fair if supplemental techniques were required to restore a functional hand, and poor if the hand was severely deformed. The follow-up period was 14 to 38 months. RESULTS: Supplemental techniques followed the suture of 11% of radial, 45% of median, 72% of ulnar, and 100% of combined median and ulnar nerve injury. After suture +/- supplemental techniques, patients returned to work in 100% of radial, 55% of median, 57% of ulnar, and 0% of combined median and ulnar nerve injuries. CONCLUSION: Nerve suture between the wrist and axilla and supplemental techniques achieve functional recovery in the majority of patients after missile injury with good expectations for return to work, except in combined median and ulnar nerve injuries.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2005

Ice hockey injuries.

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the distribution and determinants of injuries reported in the pediatric ice hockey literature, and suggests potential injury prevention strategies and directions for further research. DATA SOURCES: Thirteen electronic databases, the ISI Web of Science, and 'grey literature' databases were searched using a combination of Medical Subject Headings and text words to identify potentially relevant articles. The bibliographies of selected studies were searched to identify additional articles. Studies were selected for review based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. MAIN RESULTS: A comparison between studies on this topic area was difficult due to the variability in research designs, definition of injury, study populations, and measurements used to assess injury. The majority of injuries were sustained during games compared with practices. The two most commonly reported injuries were sprains/strains and contusions. Players competing at the Minor hockey, High School, and Junior levels of competition sustained most of their injuries to the upper extremity, head, and lower extremity, respectively. The primary mechanism of injury was body checking, followed by stick and puck contact. The frequency of catastrophic eye injuries has been significantly reduced with the world-wide mandation of full facial protection for all Minor hockey players. CONCLUSIONS: Specific hockey-related injury risk factors are poorly delineated and rarely studied among pediatric ice hockey players leaving large gaps in the knowledge of appropriate prevention strategies. Risk management strategies should be focused at avoiding unnecessary foreseeable risk, and controlling the risks inherent to the sport. Suggestions for injury prevention and future research are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The effect of time delay on infection in open long-bone fractures: a 5-year prospective audit from a district general hospital.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a time delay of greater than 6 h from injury to surgical debridement affected the infection rate in open long-bone fractures in a typical district general hospital in the UK. DESIGN: Prospective audit over 5 years. METHODS: 142 open long-bone fractures in 130 patients were seen over a 5-year period between 1996 and 2001 in our hospital. 115 fractures in 103 patients were available for study. The data were collected prospectively in weekly audit meetings. Patients were followed until clinical or radiological union occurred or until a secondary procedure for non-union or infection was carried out. RESULTS: Surgical debridement was carried out in less than 6 h from injury in 60% of cases and in greater than 6 h from injury in 40% of cases. Infection rates were 10.1% and 10.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We could not demonstrate a significantly increased infection rate in patients in whom surgical debridement occurred greater than 6 h after injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Occupational repetition strain injuries. Guidelines for diagnosis and management.

Occupational repetition strain injuries (RSI) are a major, unchecked source of disability in industry and commerce, and have considerable social and economic consequences. The long-term morbidity associated with these injuries is preventable, but a coordinated approach to awareness, diagnosis, management, and prevention has been lacking. Confusing diagnostic terminology on medical certificates makes it difficult to obtain accurate data on the incidence and prevalence of different types of repetition injury. The terminology in use at present includes RSI, "tenosynovitis" and "overuse injury". Uniformity of diagnosis on an anatomical basis in relation to repetition or static load would greatly assist in epidemiological study, and improve notification and the impact of prevention programmes. Therefore, the Occupational Repetition Strain Injuries Advisory Committee, which was convened by the Division of Occupational Health, New South Wales Government Department of Industrial Relations, has prepared a set of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of these injuries.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed2001

A continuum between scapulothoracic dissociation and traumatic forequarter amputation: a review of the literature.

Both traumatic forequarter amputation and scapulothoracic dissociation are rare and life-threatening injuries. We present the case of a 31-year old woman who was ejected from a car after a motor vehicle accident and sustained an apparent partial forequarter amputation. Upon examination her injury was found to share many characteristics with a scapulothoracic dissociation injury. With both injuries mortality is high and prompt diagnosis and treatment imperative. By viewing scapulothoracic dissociation and forequarter amputation as a continuum faster recognition and appropriate treatment may be implemented for these devastating injuries.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗