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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Temporomandibular disorders: Part II. A comparison of psychologic profiles in Australian and Finnish patients.

Recent recommendations regard musculoskeletal disorders of the masticatory system as dual-axis disorders, but little comparative data of psychologic factors across different pain populations are available. In this study, presenting psychologic profiles were assessed in 40 Australian and 42 Finnish patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders. Findings were compared with those of a group of Australian patients reporting acute dental pain and with reference to response to conservative management. The psychologic testing instrument incorporated cognitive, motivational/affective, and illness behavior variables, and it was based on validated general pain questionnaires (Coping Strategies Questionnaire and Illness Behavior Questionnaire). This instrument was found internally reliable in the majority of its subscales in the group studies and provided comparable data to other pain populations. Significant differences in the presenting psychologic profiles were found according to nationality, type of pain suffered, and treatment outcome. Affective disturbance, hypochondriasis, lack of cognitive control, and feeling ill with symptoms were identified in discriminant function analysis as potential predictors of treatment outcome, and they correctly classified 79% of the Australian and 87% of the Finnish patients with temporomandibular disorders. It was concluded that psychologic profiles differed in the two nationalities and were related to treatment outcome. The concept of multiaxial assessment was supported.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Clinical audit of emergency out-of-hours service in general practice in Sefton.

Management of out-of-hours emergency services varies throughout the United Kingdom. A clinical audit of out-of-hours services was carried out by a group of general practitioners over a three-month period and the results compared with criteria agreed at the inception of the new General Dental Services (GDS) contract in 1990. Results showed that the management of all cases was within the standards set, with one exception, and that the criteria required modification.

Dental Audit↗
PubMed1998

What hurts during dental hygiene treatment.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine clients' pain reports for routine clinical procedures during dental hygiene treatment, and to examine the degree to which physical and psychological variables contribute to pain. METHODS: A convenience sample consisting of 53 (18 male, 35 female) undergraduate students enrolled at Dalhousie University participated as dental hygiene clients. Before treatment, the demographics, dental anxiety, and pain catastrophizing of students were measured. During procedures, dental status was measured. Following procedures, the amount of pain associated with procedures was recorded. Data was analyzed using an SPSS/PC statistical package. RESULTS: Most procedures were associated with little or no pain. However, probing and scaling were associated with greater pain. Furthermore, 25 percent of the sample reported their pain was > or = 7/10 on at least one dental hygiene procedure. Dental status measures and treatment difficulty did not correlate with pain. Individuals higher in dental anxiety and pain catastrophizing reported greater pain. Multiple regression showed that all predictor variables combined to account for approximately 1/3 of the variance in pain reports. CONCLUSION: On average, clinical dental hygiene treatment is associated with low levels of pain, but approximately 25 percent of subjects experienced at least one of the seven procedures as being moderately to severely painful. Findings illustrate the need for effective pain management that may be physiologically or psychologically based. Interventions geared toward reducing anxiety and pain catastrophizing may be useful additions to the curriculum of dental hygiene programs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Natural remedies recommended for the management of oral health.

This paper discusses various practices recommended by homeopaths, herbalists, spiritual and natural healers for the management and maintenance of oral health. It is intended as a partial guide to educate the dental professional on self-administered, over-the-counter remedies that are easily available to the general population. Since few if any clinical studies exist assessing the efficacy or side effects of these ingested products, little is known about the beneficial or potentially harmful course these remedies may take on the human body.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The differential diagnosis of sensitive teeth.

A major presenting complaint in dental practice is of sensitive teeth. In order to manage the problem well, a correct diagnosis is essential. Whilst it is true that 'common things occur commonly', one should consider all possible causes of pain in taking a history and examining the patient. This paper summarizes how to identify the potential causes of such a complaint.

Dentin Sensitivity↗
PubMed1998

Change in pain threshold by meperidine, naproxen sodium, and acetaminophen as determined by electric pulp testing.

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in pain threshold caused by meperidine, naproxen sodium, acetaminophen, and placebo. The change in pain threshold was measured by electric pulp testing. Acetaminophen elevated the pain threshold statistically significantly. Clinically, however, the superiority of acetaminophen is questionable. No elevation of the pain threshold occurred with narcotic drugs or with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: our research shows that the electric pulp tests of patients who have taken these drugs preoperatively will have results similar to those of patients who have taken no drugs. We question the philosophy of administering these drugs for change in pain threshold at the levels used here preoperatively.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1999

Utilisation of oral health services, oral health needs and oral health status in a peri-urban informal settlement.

Interviews were conducted with 294 black residents (155 females and 138 males) of a peri-urban informal settlement in Gauteng to ascertain utilisation of oral health services, oral health needs and oral health status. Only 37 per cent of the sample had consulted a dentist or medical practitioner, usually for extractions. Teenagers and employed persons were significantly less likely to utilise dentists than the older age groups and unemployed persons. Forty per cent were currently experiencing oral health problems such as a sore mouth, tooth decay and bleeding/painful gums. Two hundred and twelve (73 per cent) interviewees wanted dental treatment or advice. Residents who rated their oral health status as fair or poor appeared to have the greatest need for oral health services. The use of interviews appears to be a cost-effective method of determining oral morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Endodontic interappointment emergencies in a Singapore private practice setting: a retrospective study of incidence and cause-related factors.

One thousand and sixteen consecutive records of patients treated by the author for endodontic treatment was surveyed for the incidence of endodontic interappointment emergencies (EIE) and the major factors contributing to it. The overall incidence of EIE was 3.15% and unrelated to the patients' sex or tooth location. Caucasians were more likely to experience flare-ups than Chinese (p < 0.01). Patients < 20 years and > 60 years were less likely to experience EIE (p < 0.05). EIE was significantly higher in necrotic teeth than in vital teeth (p < 0.01). A clinical diagnosis of necrotic pulp with acute apical abcess (NP/AAA) increased the incidence of flare-ups significantly (p < 0.05). Retreatment cases also had a higher incidence of EIE and this was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The possibility of EIE was the highest after the first visit (p < 0.01) and this was reduced significantly with subsequent visits.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Incidence of pain after biomechanical preparation: a review of 302 cases treated by dental students.

Records of 302 root-filled teeth treated by dental undergraduates were reviewed by four lecturers in the Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Malaya. Preoperative and operative factors were evaluated for their association with postoperative pain experience of patients during the visit immediately after completion of biomechanical preparation. Eighty four percent of patients did not experience any pain after biomechanical preparation whilst the remaining 16 percent only complained of slight or moderate pain. The incidence of pain after biomechanical preparation is not high even when performed by inexperienced undergraduates. Teeth with a pre-existing painful condition had a higher chances of postoperative of pain. The incidence of postoperative pain was halved when teeth were associated with a sinus tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Local and systemic therapeutics for the control of endodontic pain.

Endodontic pain is best managed by eliminating the source as completely as possible. When it is determined that drugs are required, judicious use of local anesthetics and nonopioid analgesics can be beneficial and provide the first course of action. When it is determined that the pain will not be managed by these measures alone, the addition of an opioid analgesic may be considered with the understanding that more adverse side effects attend their use.

Analgesics↗