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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Ultrasound-guided transparietal thoracic puncture biopsy].

UNLABELLED: Transthoracic needle biopsy is a reliable method for the diagnosis of thoracic lesions, specially when they are peripleral. AIM: The main objective was to evaluate the results of US guidance for thoracic needle biopsy in 159 cases. RESULT: Overall sensitivity was 83% as tissue was obtained in 132/159 cases. In 24 cases, 2 or 3 biopsies were necessary. In 17 cases, analysis was made on cytology only with a 70.6% sensitivity. One pneumothorax and two cases of hemoptisies were encountered. COMMENTARY: US guidance is a useful method for the diagnosis of peripheral thoracic masses, yielding a high sensitivity and a very low complication rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Standard range of peak expiratory flow in normal, healthy Japanese subjects].

The measurement and analysis of the standard range of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in normal, healthy Japanese is necessary at any cost to facilitate bringing the Japanese Guidelines for Bronchial Asthma smoothly into effect. In a study as part of The Bronchial Asthma Group of the Comprehensive Research Project (Terumasa Miyamoto, Chairman of the Planning and Evaluation Committee) under the auspices of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, we measured PEF in 2,785 healthy Japanese volunteers (1,407 males aged 15-84 years and 1,738 females aged 15-80 years) who had no history of smoking, respiratory and/or thoracic diseases, or wheezing with four different peak flow meters (e.g., mini-Wright, Assess, Personal Best and Vitalograph). As a result of comparing PEF measured by the four meters in the same subjects over a short interval of time, we noted significant differences on analysis of variance. Accordingly, the equation for prediction should account for variables in gender and the type of peak flow meter used. A comparison of cubic equations for prediction suggests that the PEF of both Japanese men and women is similar to that of the British but is different from that of the Chinese.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Recent molecular histochemistry and its application from localization to gene hunting].

In situ hybridization histochemistry is established as a method in molecular histochemistry. Although various methods were initially examined, the variation tends to converge into a few popular methods. Current methods in in situ hybridization histochemistry are introduced in this review. In addition, future aspects in the field of molecular histochemistry are discussed. A visualization of DNA binding molecules and an imaging of various phenomena in living tissue would substantially expand the potentiality of histochemistry. Furthermore, a molecular histochemical technique could be used, not only for a localization of molecule but also for a molecular biological method, such as, a screening process in the differential display, which is a sophisticated method, to hunt a specific gene. These advanced methods in molecular histochemistry could be quite useful in the field of thoracic diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Disorders associated with extensive unilateral abnormalities in ventilation/perfusion or perfusion scintigraphy.

Along with the utilization of radionuclides for ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) functional imaging of the lungs, massive predominantly unilateral scintigraphic abnormalities had been captured and cumulatively recorded in the literature. Such distinctive imaging findings are infrequent and their reported occurrences are reviewed. The precipitating disorders are categorized according to the corresponding V/Q scintigraphic findings that reflect the underlying pathophysiology. This arrangement may facilitate the interpretation of pulmonary scintigraphy with similar unusual imaging characteristics. The perfusion scan of patients with a variety of congenital heart diseases often show imaging abnormalities that are diffusely unilateral. It has been proven quite useful for evaluation of the pulmonary blood flow in those cardiac disorders before and after palliative or corrective surgery.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1977

[Abdominal echotomography in a pneumology department].

In the last years, echotomography has become an essential element in the diagnosis of a number of diseases. In pleuro-pulmonary pathology, echotomography is also valuable for diagnosing pleural diseases and in some pathological conditions affecting at the same time thorax and abdomen. Echotomography of the abdomen is advised in a number of cases. The diaphragm and regions above and below it should be tested when there are deformations of the cupolae and radiological images in the pulmonary bases. Liver is investigated to trace any possible hepatic localization of broncho-pulmonary cancers or any chest hydatidosis. Echographic investigation of pancreas is advisable when a tumour of glandular origin is diagnosed. For patients with mesotheliomas, it should be associated to a retro-peritoneal investigation.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1997

[Thoracic ultrasound].

Ultrasonography is the best imaging modality for detection of pleural effusions and the presence of septations, but is not accepted as a reliable diagnostic tool for other thoracic problems. However, the technique is useful for analysis of parietal lesions and pulmonary masses arising in the periphery of the lung. Biopsy of such lesions and drainage of pleural effusions are often easier under sonographic guidance than with CT. Because of its advantages, sonography should be used more often as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in thoracic imaging.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[A case of nodular fasciitis of the chest wall].

We present a case of nodular fasciitis of chest wall origin. A 62-year-old woman visited our hospital because of a rapidly growing hard tumor fixed to her right chest wall, measuring 7 x 8 cm in size. Although incisional biopsy specimen revealed that the tumor was suggestive of nodular fasciitis, the possibility that the tumor had a malignant component could not be excluded. Total excision of the mass with combined resection of 3rd, 4th, 5th ribs was performed to establish the histological diagnosis and treatment plan. We believe that the tumor proved to be malignant by excisional biopsy, should then undergo further excision with sufficient surgical margin. Nodular fasciitis may be misdiagnosed as a sarcoma due to its rich cellularity, mitotic activity and poorly circumscribed nature. Awareness of the histological features of nodular fasciitis, and its predilection for presenting as a rapidly growing mass, should decrease the likelihood of misdiagnosis and the attendant risk of over surgery.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1998

[The thoracic roentgen image: emergency and routine indications in the clinic and general practice].

Even in the era of rapidly emerging cross-sectional imaging techniques (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) the chest radiograph remains the most frequently performed diagnostic imaging procedure and has not lost any importance to other modalities. After technical considerations the value of chest radiography will be discussed based on the most widely applied indications in emergency and routine clinical settings and the link to subsequent imaging modalities will be outlined.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1976

[Certain properties of the extravasate effused into pleural cavity after thoracic surgery].

Data on morphological and biochemical properties of the postoperative extravasate are reported in 102 patients in different terms postoperatively. There is a reduced number of erythrocytes, amount of hemoglobin and thrombocytes in the extravasate. The number of leucocytes in the latter corresponds to their amount in peripheral blood. Free hemoglobin ranged from 6 to 125 mg%, and its concentration depends on traumatism and duration of surgery. There is no fibrinogen in the extravasate and a decreased fibrinolytic activity. Bacterial contamination of the extravasate is dependent on the character of a surgical procedure. The extravasate sterility is supported by its apyrogenic and nontoxic action on rabbits and mice. Determination of the amount of leucocytes, sugar, alpha-2 and beta golbulins in the extravasate 18 hours following the operation is of a diagnostic value for early recognition of inflammation in the pleural cavity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual and infrequent indications for thoracoscopy.

A number of unusual or uncommon thoracoscopic indications have developed over the years. Pleural tuberculosis and blastomycosis, HIV infections, histoplasmosis, presenting as a nodular process have been diagnosed and treated. Fistulae or tube tract endoscopy may delineate whether a patient has persistence or recurrent carcinoma or tuberculosis through biopsy and culture techniques especially in the post pneumonectomy patient with an air leak. Thoracic diseases, including carcinoma, and mediastinal adenopathy and undiagnosed masses, are amenable to biopsy and possible resection. Foreign bodies may be removed with this technique. The utilization of thoracoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of pericardial processes has been utilized as well for placement of pacemakers. More recently, internal mammary artery to coronary artery bypass grafting has been performed by a few same surgeons with the endoscopic or VATS technique. Neurogenic indications include resection of the posterior sympathetic ganglia and vagectomy. Chylothorax therapy utilizing fibrin glue and liver and kidney biopsy may be performed.

Blastomycosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm disease: an overview.

Relatively little is known of the natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA). The limited data available suggests that survival is at best equivalent to that observed for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and probably significantly worse. Patients with an AAA > 6 cm diameter have a 5-year survival of 10%, with a cumulative risk of rupture over 10 years of 43%. Rupture is also responsible for death in 25% of patients with 4-7 cm AAA. Natural history studies of TAA report a 1- and 5-year survival of 39%-52% and 13%-19%, respectively, but many studies include data on acute type A dissection. Although most mortality in patients with TAA is related to aneurysm rupture, data on the relationship between aneurysm size and rupture risk remains scarce. TAA is a highly lethal condition warranting consideration of elective, prophylactic surgical repair. However, the timing of surgery is often a difficult clinical decision, particularly in asymptomatic patients or those with comorbid conditions. Surgery for TAA carries a significant mortality and potentially permanently crippling morbidity. A recommendation of surgery represents a balance, weighing estimates of TAA natural history and rupture risk against operative mortality and complication rate, while carefully considering the impact of important comorbid conditions, e.g., ischemic heart disease, obstructive pulmonary disease, and renal dysfunction. When to intervene is a critical question facing cardiovascular surgeons and is based upon an assessment of the risk of rupture. This risk is related to the site, aetiology, size, and expansion rate of the aneurysm.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1988

[Value of magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of diseases of the thoracic aorta].

MRI with imaging in the frontal and axial planes can replace, in most cases, CT as well as angiography. By limiting oneself to these planes, the examination can be carried out on patients with acute symptoms. If the findings on MRI are indefinite due to movement or flow artifacts, angiography can be carried out immediately. This may not be possible after CT, due to limitation of contrast volumes. With the exception of patients being ventilated after multiple trauma, MRI should nowadays be the primary form of examination, particularly in high risk patients.

Aortic Dissection↗