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PubMed1993

[Attitudes of spouses toward examinations for the early detection of cervical and breast carcinoma].

Our research program included 3474 women from Novi Sad (1957) and villages (1517) in the territory of Vojvodina. The poll investigated especially the attitudes of husbands toward the participation of their wives in check-ups for the detection of cervical and breast neoplasms. Positive attitudes toward cervical check-ups were found in 750 males from the city (54.6%) and 697 (45.9%) from the villages which represents the majority compared to those who either don't care or have no opinion of their own. More authentic relations were obtained when "negative attitudes" included also males who didn't give any answer, in that case 1206 males from the city (61.6%) and 843 from the villages (55.6%) don't encourage their wives for the detection check-ups. Similar answers were obtained to the question about breast check-ups. Positive attitude was found in 747 (54.3%) males from the city and 602 (54.1) from the villages while the number of those who either don't care or have no attitudes is smaller (628--45.7% from the city and 510--45.9% from the villages). If "negative attitudes" include those who didn't answer the question (1217--62.2% from the city and 936--61.7% from the villages) husbands who don't encourage the check-ups represent the majority. We are sure that wives' attitudes toward detection check-ups are influenced by their husbands' attitudes. Our data show that the majority of husbands' do not encourage detection check-ups negatively influencing their wives' attitudes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Attitude↗
PubMed1993

Justice for victims of spouse abuse in divorce and child custody cases.

Unequal power positions and domination-subordination roles of battering husbands and battered wives during marriage contaminate the process of separation and divorce. These dynamics may continue long after the marriages cease. Risks of extreme violence, rape, and homicide are highest when victims seek freedom. Because both victims and abusers construct a veil of secrecy while married, even if abused wives disclose the violence during the separation process, there may be nothing to substantiate their claims. Restraining orders often fail to restrain obsessed husbands; other husbands may get revenge by using their children as pawns. Attitudes favoring fathers' rights and joint custody may help win unfair financial advantages, and/or continued control over victims after divorce. Mandatory mediation in some states may give abusers additional advantages. Although some of these problems are being addressed with mechanisms to ameliorate them, the need to recognize problems facing battered wives in divorce and custody contexts has not received adequate attention. The purpose of this article is to provide a review and commentary on these issues.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

What helped most in leaving spouse abuse: implications for interventions.

Women who are leaving abusive relationships rely on social support. However, their descriptions of the process of leaving, their reasons for leaving, and what helped them most in leaving relate to issues about the self as much as the availability of support. Clinicians who consider both of these resources can better support the decision making of women who are living in and leaving abusive male partners.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Traditional beer consumption and the iron status of spouse pairs from a rural community in Zimbabwe.

To examine the relationship between dietary iron exposure through the consumption of traditional beer and the presence of iron overload in black Africans not related by birth, we studied 28 husband and wife pairs from a rural Zimbabwean community. Lifetime traditional beer consumption was estimated by questioning subjects and iron status was assessed by repeated measurements of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation in subjects who were fasting and had received vitamin C supplementation. Each of the 56 study subjects had an estimated lifetime traditional beer consumption >1,000 L. The mean +/- standard deviation (SD) concentration of iron in the supernatants of nine samples of traditional beer from the community was 46 +/- 10 mg/L. Four of 28 men (14.3%) and no women had the combination of an elevated serum ferritin and a transferrin saturation >70%, suggestive of substantial iron overload. Significant correlations were not found between the iron status of the husbands and their wives or between dietary iron exposure and iron stores. Our findings suggest that dietary iron exposure may not fully explain the development of iron overload in Africans and are consistent with the hypothesis that an iron-loading gene may also be implicated in pathogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A large sample empirical typology of male spouse abusers and its relationship to dimensions of abuse.

A number of studies have described typologies of domestically violent men. Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart (1994) recently proposed a theoretical model for predicting violence severity and generality from personality "type." The present study, using data from 833 identified abusive men, tested the model. Personality types were determined from cluster analysis of data from the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and resulted in a three-cluster solution consistent with the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart model. The three main clusters included nonpathological, antisocial, and passive aggressive-dependent groups. Three other, smaller types were also identified. Multivariate and chi-square analyses comparing the main clusters on other variables generally supported the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart model. Nonpathological men had the lowest maximum violence and frequency. They restricted their violence primarily to intimate relationships and had the fewest police contacts. Antisocial and passive aggressive-dependent men did not differ in maximum violence, but antisocial men were the most generally violent and had the most police contacts. Passive aggressive-dependent men had the highest frequency of violence. Clinical, theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Domestic violence. Working with the spouse abuser.

Reported "success rates" for abuser treatment programs vary greatly, from as low as 5% to as high as 67%. Regardless of statistics, intervention cannot be overlooked if domestic violence is to be addressed. The primary concern must always be safety for the victim, but the cycle of violence will not stop without treatment interventions for the abuser. Effective screening and referral of potential abusers are crucial to breaking the cycle. Working under the provisions of NC General Statute 50B-3(a), the North Carolina Council for Women works with abuser treatment programs in order to establish eligibility requirements for abusers. These programs, listed in Health Watch (pages 345-8), provide individual and group counseling for a set fee, which the abuser pays. For more information call Joyce W. Allen, NC Council For Women, 919/733-2455.

Counseling↗