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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Screening of tissue transglutaminase antibody in healthy blood donors for celiac disease screening in the Turkish population.

Celiac disease (CD) is a disease having the characteristic pathology of the mucosa of the small intestine. The prevalence of CD in the Turkish population has not been investigated previously. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of CD in healthy blood donors. Serum samples of 2000 healthy blood donors presenting to Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Blood Bank were tested for tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA and IgG antibodies with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Euroimmune, Germany). The histopathological findings for the cases with positive serology were evaluated. The distribution of sex was 95.7% male, and 4.3% female. The mean age was 33 +/- 9. Among 2000 donors, 23 (1.15%) were positive for tTG IgA antibody and 3 (0.15%) were positive for tTG IgG antibody. None of the samples was positive for both antibodies. Serum total IgA was measured in two cases with only tTG IgG positivity and was found to be low in one case. Twelve subjects positive for tTG agreed to endoscopy and biopsy. Histopathological examination revealed changes classified as Marsh III-II in one, Marsh II in two, Marsh I in seven, and Marsh 0 in two donors. This was the first study conducted to determine the prevalence of tTG positivity in the Turkish population. The tTG antibody positivity prevalence in healthy blood donors was as high as 1.3%. This study shows that the prevalence of CD in the Turkish population is relatively high in comparison to that in the Western world.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Reliability and accuracy of reporting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 15 laboratories throughout Italy: phase 1 of a national programme of external quality control in cervical screening. The National Working Group for External Quality Control in Cervical Screening.

This paper reports results of a first phase of a pilot study to assess and improve quality of diagnoses in cervical cytological laboratories located throughout Italy. It represents the first phase of an External Quality Assurance programme (EQA). In the first phase, two sets of cervical smears representing a range of diagnoses were circulated among participating laboratories. Responses were recorded on a standardized form. Participants were asked to assess the adequacy of the smear and formulate a diagnosis. They were also asked to recommend management of the patient on the basis of the smear report and judge the degree of diagnostic difficulty of each slide. Crude index of agreement, unweighted and weighted kappas, diagnostic specific kappas, sensitivity and specificity as well as clinical indices of variability were calculated. In the second phase, two additional sets of slides were circulated after discussion of the first phase. There was striking variability between laboratories, both in terms of diagnoses offered and recommendations for management on individual slides. Assessment of the degree of difficulty of each slide was also very variable. Discrimination between CINII and CINIII was poor, confirming the choice of merging these two categories in the Bethesda classification. However, discrimination between CINI and CINII was also unsatisfactory. The results were discussed in workshops and it was possible to reach a consensus diagnosis in 35 of 40 smears. This study confirms the need for external quality control programmes.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1996

Costs and benefits of cervical screening. I. The costs of the cervical screening programme.

In 1991, the average total Health Service cost of a cervical smear, including follow up at the colposcopy clinic, was almost 22.70 pounds in the Perth and Kinross district of Scotland. The average cost per colposcopy clinic visit was 30 pounds. The main cost elements were in general practice (55% of total) and the laboratory (33%), and most of the cost was for staff time.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1990

[Lung imaging in intensive medicine. A comparison of digital storage-screen imaging and conventional film-screen imaging].

Luminescence radiography is a new digital imaging modality, which can be used instead of conventional film radiography for many examinations. Imaging capabilities of luminescence radiography were compared with film radiography by test images and examinations especially in intensive care radiology. The results demonstrate, that luminescence radiography is an advantageous imaging method for intensive care radiology.

Humans↗