Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SALPINGITIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Clinical aspects of primary cancer of the fallopian tube. A retrospective study of 20 cases].

OBJECTIVES: From a review of 20 cases of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube, we stress the various clinical aspects of the disease and discuss the possibilities of a preoperative diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study covering the period between 1982 and 1996. An analysis of the different etiological factors mentioned in the literature, of the physical signs and symptoms of the carcinoma, of the patients' age and hormonal status as well as the role of additional investigations was conducted. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 62.3 years, 90% of the women had reached menopause and 15% were nullipara. A history of salpingitis was noted in 5% of the patients and another 5% had infertility problems. 20% of the patients had suffered from another carcinoma. Metrorrhagia was the most frequent clinical finding revealing the disease (55%) followed by abnormal secretions of blood stained liquid (15%). Hydrops Tubae Profluens was not observed in this series. The main complementary investigations performed were pelvic ultrasound scanning and hysterosalpingography, preoperative diagnosis was possible in 15% of cases; diagnosis was made during the operative procedure in 45% of cases and by pathologic examination in the remaining 40% of patients. CONCLUSION: Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is a rare form of cancer of unknown aetiology. Clinical signs are often unrelated and sometimes misleading; however, preoperative diagnosis is possible if one keeps in mind the existence of this carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

The great douching debate: to douche, or not to douche.

It has been implied douching causes chlamydial infection, acute salpingitis, ectopic pregnancy, and reduced fertility. However, the incriminating articles do not represent a vast accumulation of data from diverging sources; rather, most reflect repetitive analysis of data from a limited population base by an institutionally interrelated group of investigators. The conclusions reached were reintroduced periodically into the literature in different journals. An equally plausible alternate hypothesis is that douching is a marker for increased probability of one or more sexually transmitted diseases and their sequelae. Review of microbiologic rather than epidemiologic data published on douching revealed that douching with a preparation containing acetic acid caused a small reduction in total bacterial counts. Most of that change was attributable to washing. When povidone-iodine was present, significant reductions occurred, but these were short-lived. The first bacteria to recover are usually the lactobacilli, which might explain partial efficacy of prolonged douching with commercial preparations of povidone-iodine.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1999

Diagnostic laparoscopy in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingograms.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of laparoscopy in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingograms, with and without risk factors suggesting pelvic disease. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed 1,022 consecutive charts from a tertiary infertility practice. In 265 women, laparoscopies were performed after normal hysterosalpingograms. RESULTS: Laparoscopies were normal in 136 (51%) women, whereas 129 (49%) had one or more abnormal laparoscopic findings, including minimal or mild endometriosis (n = 85), moderate or severe endometriosis (n = 11), adnexal adhesions (n = 27), subserosal myomas (n = 17), ovarian neoplasms (n = 5), distal phimosis (n = 1) and salpingitis isthmica nodosa (n = 1). Only 7% of cases had findings that might require standard operative laparoscopy or laparotomy, although not all were causally related to infertility. A history of dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia increased the likelihood of detecting endometriosis from 41% to 64% and 69%, respectively. The presence of both symptoms increased the likelihood to 83%. CONCLUSION: In the presence of a normal hysterosalpingogram, laparoscopy identified other pelvic disease in about half of patients. Because most abnormalities were mild, this knowledge can be used to plan a micro-laparoscopic approach for many women, reserving traditional or operative laparoscopy for women with an abnormal hysterosalpingogram or extensive disease following micro-laparoscopy. Alternately, knowledge of the nature and severity of the expected laparoscopic findings might lead to bypassing laparoscopy in favor of assisted reproduction when the perceived benefit of surgical intervention is small.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed1999

[Inflammatory gynecological diseases as a social problem in women of reproductive age].

Gynecological infections in women of reproductive age are connected with considerable economic losses both for diagnosis and treatment and for temporary disability. There are annually 12,000-15,000 pelvic infections in women of reproductive age in Bulgaria. Late sequel include infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic disability. The management of all these complications exceed considerably the expenses if proper diagnosis and treatment of the pelvic infections has been administrated. About 25% of the women who have had salpingitis are expected to be affected by infertility. The age group of women 20-25 years are the most affected. Most of these women have not accomplished their reproductive potential. The most frequent causes for pelvic infections are sexually transmitted pathogens and intrauterine manipulations--dilatation and curettage, IUDs. The necessity for control programs for prevention of sexually transmitted infections as well as education for diminishing unwanted pregnancy and abortions is pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[C-reactive protein and infections in general practice].

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive and non-specific inflammatory marker. The serum level of CRP starts to rise 6-12 hours after the start of an inflammatory stimulus. Sequential CRP measurements will have greater diagnostic value than a single measurement, and changes of the CRP values often reflect the clinical course. In use in general practice the diagnostic value of CRP is found to be high in adults with pneumonia, sinusitis and tonsillitis, however it is found to be low regarding otitis and pneumonia in children. As to urinary tract infections and salpingitis the value is still undefined. Measurement of CRP is an important diagnostic test but the analysis should not stand by itself but be evaluated together with the patient's history and clinical examination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacterial vaginosis. Epidemiology and risk factors].

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a change in vaginal ecosystem where lactobacilli dominate, flora is absent or greatly reduced, and replaced with a mixed, predominantly anaerobic flora, consisting of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus spp, Bacteroides spp, Prevotela spp, Peptostreptococcus spp, Fusobacterium spp and Porphyromonas spp. The concentration of bacteria increases from 100 to 1000 fold in women with BV compared to healthy women. BV has been formerly known as nonspecific vaginitis, Haemophilus vaginitis, Corynebacterium vaginitis, Gardnerella vaginitis and anaerobic vaginintis. BV is the most prevalent form of vaginal disturbances in reproductive age women. The average incidence of BV varies: 10-35% in patients visiting gynaecological wards, 10-30% in patients visiting obstetric wards and 20-60% in patients visiting services of sexually transmitted diseases. A typical clinical symptom of BV is malodorous vaginal discharge. However, more than 50% of all women with BV are asymptomatic. BV has been associated with many gynaecological and obstetric complications such as cervicitis, salpingitis, endometritis, postoperative infections, urinary tract infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, mild abnormal Pap smear results and possible link with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, preterm delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis. Factors that increase the risk of BV are multiple partners, exposure to semen, prior trichomoniasis, intrauterine device usage, smoking, indigent population and frequent use of scented soap. Diagnosis of BV is established by Amsel's criteria of which three of four are the following: presence of homogeneous discharge, vaginal fluid pH > 4.5, positive amine test and microscopic analysis of Gram stained smear of vaginal discharge where "clue" cells (epithelial vaginal cells covered with mass of adherent bacteria, mostly coccobacilli) should be detected. The treatment of patients with BV consist of metronidazole or clindamycin, per os or intravaginally. The treatment of asymptomatic women and male sex partners of women with BV is controversial. The aim of the study was to establish the occurrence rate of BV in our women and potential factors increasing the risk of BV. We examined 166 women at the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University School of Medicine, Belgrade. Diagnosis of BV was established by Amsel's criteria. Each woman filled in a special questionnaire. Pregnant women were excluded. BV was diagnosed in 25% (33/166) of women. BV was more common among women with multiple partners. The most prevalent clinical symptom of BV was malodorous vaginal discharge. Vaginal symptoms became more evident after intercourse. Taking into consideration the occurrence rate of BV and its connection with numerous gynaecological and obstetric sequelae, and taking into account that the diagnosis of BV is quick, simple and inexpensive, we suggest that the examination of BV in women becomes a usual procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hyperamylasemia associated with endometroid carcinoma of the ovary.

Hyperamylasemia and alternations of serum isoamylases have been recorded in lung tumors, tubal disorders such as acute salpingitis and ruptured ectopic pregnancies and a variety of ovarian tumors, and they have been suggested as potential tumor markers. Hyperamylasemia was noted in a patient with a stage IIIC endometroid adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Serum levels of amylase decreased rapidly after removal of the ovarian tumor. In patients presenting with acute abdominal pain and elevated amylase levels, ovarian cancer should be considered in addition to acute pancreatitis.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2000

[Laparoscopic appendectomy. Retrospective analysis of our experience compared with the literature].

BACKGROUND: The benefits of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) remain controversial. This study reports a critical examination of our experience in a peripheral hospital. METHODS: A total of 128 appendectomies have been performed since January 1996, of which 63 (49%) were laparoscopic. The patients included 52 (82.5%) females and 11 (17.5%) males with a mean age of 20.8 years (range 11-46). Emergency surgery was required in 6 cases (9.5%) and was elective in 57 (90.5%). Appendectomy was performed during another operation in 3 cases (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). RESULTS: Mortality was nil. Morbidity was 1.7% (1 case). The index of conversion was 0%. Only one major complication occurred. This took the form of perforation of an ileal loop following accidental lesion during adhesiolysis. The intraoperative diagnosis was not confirmed in 12 (19%) cases: 9 ovarian cysts, 1 terminal ilieitis and 2 cases of acute salpingitis. In 10 cases (15%) surgery was associated with adhesiolysis, and in 6 cases (9.3%) the appendix was retrocecal. Mean operating time was 42 min (range 18-105 min). The mean hospitalisation was 3.3 days. CONCLUSIONS: The authors emphasise the numerous advantages of laparoscopic techniques in their experience, including excellent cosmetic results, reduced PO pain, rapid functional recovery, lower incidence of adhesion, wound infection and laparocele, and more cost-effective when mechanical staplers are not used. Owing to the ability to explore the entire abdominal cavity, the main advantage of this technique consisted in a correct differential diagnostic balance, especially in young women of child-bearing age, between appendectomy and pathologies of the uterus and adnexa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Effect of pelvic inflammatory disease on fertility.

Genital infections, in both men and women, may cause permanent functional damage to the reproductive tract resulting in infertility. In men, post-infection infertility is uncommon, whereas in women sequelae after pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) are the most common cause of acquired infertility. In a prospective cohort study of women who all sought pregnancy after laparoscopically verified acute (non-tuberculous) salpingitis, 141/1309 (10.8%) were infertile because of proven post-PID tubal occlusion. In 448 control women, the corresponding figures were 4/448 (0.9%). Of independent and significant importance for post-PID infertility were the numbers of PID episodes (0/1/2 or= 3: RRs 1.0/7.0/16.2/28.3), and in women with only one PID episode, the severity of infection (mild/moderate/severe; RRs 1/1.8/5.6), delayed care (3 days/3 or more days; RR 1/2.8), use of contraceptives (none/pills/IUDs/other; RRs 1/0.3/0.5/0.8). Similar influences of the same variables were also demonstrated for subfertility, i.e. ectopic pregnancy, and time between index laparoscopy and pregnancy in those women who conceived after PID.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed2002

[Chlamydia-like symptoms can have another etiology. Mycoplasma genitalium--an important and common sexually transmitted disease].

The aetiological importance of Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis in non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is undisputed. Mycoplasma (M.) genitalium has been shown to be strongly associated with NGU and with mucopurulent cervicitis and also with acute endometritis independent of C. trachomatis. In this prevalence study we examined 946 patients, 445 women and 501 men, attending the STD clinic, for M. genitalium as well as C. trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. M. genitalium was detected in urethral samples from 17 (13.4 per cent) of 127 men with both symptoms and signs of urethritis and from 2 (1.3 per cent) of 160 men without (p < 0.001). Corresponding figures for M. genitalium in the women were 15 (11 per cent) of 136 women with symptoms and signs of urethritis or cervicitis compared to 3 (2.2 per cent) of 139 women without (p = 0.005). Examinations of partners of female and male index patients indicated that M. genitalium is sexually transmitted. Some M. genitalium infected patients had a history of irregular vaginal bleeding, lower genital tract pain, epididymitis and arthritis. Investigation of the aetiological role of M. genitalium in salpingitis, epididymitis and sexually acquired arthritis is urgently needed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications of operative gynecological laparoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and type of laparoscopic complications. METHODS: A series of 2140 operative laparoscopies were reviewed in a retrospective study of patient records. The setting was a tertiary-care university hospital. Operative laparoscopy included minor procedures (minimal adhesiolysis, destruction of minimal endometriosis foci, ovarian biopsy, ovarian puncture, tubal sterilization), major laparoscopic surgery (extended adhesiolysis, tuboplasties, uterine suspension, treatment for ectopic pregnancy, salpingitis, ovarian cyst, moderate and severe endometriosis), and advanced laparoscopic surgery (hysterectomy, myomectomy, bladder neck suspension). RESULTS: Two major vascular complications, 3 intestinal injuries, 1 anesthesiological complication, and 4 urinary tract injuries occurred. Two minor and 5 postoperative complications were noted. The overall complication rate was 17/2140 (0.79%). The major complication rate was 10/2140 (0.46%). CONCLUSIONS: This review is useful for helping surgeons reduce the risk of injuries and to inform patients about potential complications. These rates are similar to those that have been previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Ultrasonography in acute pelvic pain].

Acute pelvic pain may be the manifestation of various gynecologic and non-gynecologic disorders from less alarming rupture of the follicular cyst to life threatening conditions such as rupture of ectopic pregnancy or perforation of inflamed appendix. In order to construct an algorithm for differential diagnosis we divide acute pelvic pain into gynecologic and non-gynecologic etiology, which is than subdivided into gastrointestinal and urinary causes. Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency and should always be considered in differential diagnosis if appendix has not been removed. Apart of clinical examination and laboratory tests, an ultrasound examination is sensitive up to 90% and specific up to 95% if graded compression technique is used. Still it is user-depended and requires considerable experience in order to perform it reliably. Meckel's diverticulitis, acute terminal ileitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis and functional bowel disease are conditions that should be differentiated from other causes of low abdominal pain by clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging tests. Dilatation of renal pelvis and ureter are typical signs of obstructive uropathy and may be efficiently detected by ultrasound. Additional thinning of renal parenchyma suggests long-term obstructive uropathy. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy, salpingitis and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are three most commonly diagnosed gynecologic conditions presenting as an acute abdomen. Degenerating leiomyomas and adnexal torsion occur less frequently. For better systematization, gynecologic causes of acute pelvic pain could be divided into conditions with negative pregnancy test and conditions with positive pregnancy test. Pelvic inflammatory disease may be ultrasonically presented with numerous signs such as thickening of the tubal wall, incomplete septa within the dilated tube, demonstration of hyperechoic mural nodules, free fluid in the "cul-de-sac" etc. Color Doppler ultrasound contributes to more accurate diagnosis of this entity since it enables differentiation between acute and chronic stages based on analysis of the vascular resistance. Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts may be presented by variety of ultrasound findings since intracystic echoes depend upon the quality and quantity of the blood clots. Color Doppler investigation demonstrates moderate to low vascular resistance typical of luteal flow. Leiomyomas undergoing degenerative changes are another cause of acute pelvic pain commonly present in patients of reproductive age. Color flow detects regularly separated vessels at the periphery of the leiomyoma, which exhibit moderate vascular resistance. Although the classic symptom of endometriosis is chronic pelvic pain, in some patients acute pelvic pain does occur. Most of these patients demonstrate an endometrioma or "chocolate" cyst containing diffuse carpet-like echoes. Sometimes, solid components may indicate even ovarian malignancy, but if color Doppler ultrasound is applied it is less likely to obtain false positive results. One should be aware that pericystic and/or hillar type of ovarian endometrioma vascularization facilitate correct recognition of this entity. Pelvic congestion syndrome is another condition that can cause an attack of acute pelvic pain. It is usually consequence of dilatation of venous plexuses, arteries or both systems. By switching color Doppler gynecologist can differentiate pelvic congestion syndrome from multilocular cysts, pelvic inflammatory disease or adenomyosis. Ovarian vein thrombosis is a potentially fatal disorder occurring most often in the early postpartal period. Hypercoagulability, infection and stasis are main etiologic factors, and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound is an excellent diagnostic tool to diagnose it. Acute pelvic pain may occur even in normal intrauterine pregnancy. This may be explained by hormonal changes, rapid growth of the uterus and increased blood flow. Ultrasound is mandatory for distinguishing normal intrauterine pregnancy from threatened or spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy and other complications that may occur in patients with positive pregnancy test. Incomplete abortion is visualized as thickened and irregular endometrial echo with certain amount of intracavitary fluid. If applied, color Doppler ultrasound reveals low vascular resistance signals in richly perfused intracavitary area. Transvaginal sonography has high sensitivity and specificity in visualization of uterine and adnexal signs of ectopic pregnancy. Color Doppler examination may aid in detection of the peritrophoblastic flow. Furthermore, it facilitates detection of ectopic living embryo, tubal ring or unspecific adnexal tumor. Corpus luteum cysts and leiomyomas are another cause of pelvic pain during pregnancy, which can be correctly diagnosed by ultrasound. Detection of uterine dehiscence and rupture in patients with history of prior surgical intervention on uterine wall relies exclusively on correct ultrasound diagnosis. In patients with placental abruption sonographer detects hypoechoic complex representing either retroplacental hematoma, subchorionic hematoma or subamniotic hemorrhage. In closing, ultrasound has already become important and easily available tool which can efficiently recognize patients with possibly threatening conditions of different origins.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Pelvic endoscopy in diagnosing fallopian tube disorders that cause infertility].

Over the period of 25 years, 1080 pelvic endoscopy in infertile women were performed, with special attention payed to the pathology of Fallopian tubes. Pelvic endoscopy was performed after previous HSG. During the pelvic endoscopy, the state of the uterus, ovaries and uterine tubes were evaluated, with much attention paid to the condition of the abdominal ostium of the uterine tube, symptoms of active and chronic inflammation, endometriosis, the authors also tried to diagnose the extension and character of pelvic-salpingian adhesions. Confrontation of the results enabled diagnosis in 111 (41.7%) women, out of 266, with patient Fallopian tubes the organic factors which impaired conception or made conception impossible. In the group of 814 women with tubal impotency in 15 (1.8%) cases extratubal factor was found, subserosal myoma in uterine horn, cyst, adhesions, while Fallopian tube itself was patent and unchanged. Organic factors of Fallopian tube disorder were determined. In 360 (44.2%) patients, out of 814, with tubal impotency pathological status was found (active salpingitis, tuberculosis, endometriosis) which required establishing of a necessary treatment and cancelling the surgical treatment.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1961

Incidence, age distribution and complications of gonorrhoea in Sweden.

The incidence of gonorrhoea in Sweden has shown a tendency to increase in recent years, particularly in the age-groups 15-19 and 20-24 years. However, an extrapolation of the annual incidence curve to 1970 for the 15-19-year age-group suggests that some deceleration in that increase may be expected.Study of gonococcal complications seen at Göteborg hospitals during the period 1950-59 indicates that the frequency of gonococcal salpingitis is higher than had previously been reported; this is attributed to the inclusion in the material studied of patients from departments other than those exclusively concerned with the venereal diseases.The authors conclude that, in view of the high frequency of gonorrhoea in the young and of gonococcal complications, gonorrhoea in Sweden cannot be considered an unimportant public health problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Laparoscopic hysterectomy. Results in 44 cases].

Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a recent procedure. We present our preliminary results about 44 patients. In 77.3% of cases (34 patients) the operation was carried out completely by laparoscopy and 10 patients (22.7%) required conversion of the laparoscopy to a standard laparotomy. The indications for laparotomy were: hemostasis difficulties (6 cases); bladder injury (1 case); inability to expose the uterine pedicles and or the ureter (3 cases). Three post-operative complications occurred: one small bowel occlusion which was explored by laparoscopy, and two infection treated by antibiotics only. These preliminary results enable us: to affirm that laparoscopic hysterectomy is feasibility without an important risk of per and or post-operative complications. to specify the four situations in which laparoscopic surgery is particularly advantageous for hysterectomy: absence of genital prolapse; when uni or bilateral adnexectomy is required; previous past-history of abdomino-pelvic surgery, salpingitis, endometriosis ...; neoplastic pathologies (lymphadenectomy); to propose a laparoscopic hysterectomy classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Decisional analysis in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis].

The aim of this work is the use of decisional analysis for the clinical diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis, to verify the utility of making a routine direct immunofluorescence test with a strategy of no routine direct immunofluorescence test with a strategy of no routine test in women during gynecologic escannations. Patients eligible for this analysis were sexually active woman, who are not pregnant, woman in reproductive age who do not have evidence of a clinical syndrome associated with or known to be caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Our results show that the decision as to the use of the test involves 0.87 utility, while the decision of no routine test involves a 0.80 utility. We can therefore deduce that the best strategy for a woman who subjects herself to routine gynecologic care is to use this test, because the Chlamydia trachomatis has been implicated as the etiologic agent of acute salpingitis, chronic and tubal infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Irritation of the anterior nerves of the abdominal wall--Ibrahim syndrome].

The irritation of the nerves of the anterior abdominal wall (nervi intercostals X-XII) may imitate salpingitis, appendicitis or intraabdominal adhesion. By gentle palpation of the wall of the lower abdomen, spec. in the region of the lateral part of the musculus rectus, the points of pain are to be localized. Xylocaine-injection may give a pain-relieve for a short period of time. Mostly, there must be an operation to loosen adhesions and to dilate the nerve-exits from the lateral part of the musculus rectus.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1992

[Appendectomy, a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy].

As part of a case-control study of ectopic pregnancy, we evaluated the potential etiological role of appendectomy. Previous appendectomy was associated with an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy (adjusted Odds-ratio: 2.2; 95 percent CI: 1.5-3.2). Ruptured appendix did not appear to be more strongly associated with an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy than unruptured appendix. Such confounding factors as absence of pathological diagnosis of appendicitis and relationship between age of appendectomy and age of first sexual intercourse are discussed. This study provides an additional argument in favor of laparoscopy in childbearing age to diagnose appendicitis and salpingitis.

Adolescent↗