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Acute renal failure caused by acute monofluoroacetate poisoning.

NaFA produces toxic effects by metabolic conversion to fluorocitrate, inhibits Krebs' cycle and the formation of ATP, reduces energy supply to cells, and thus causes cellular dysfunction or degeneration. All body cells are potentially affected, although with different sensitivity. Acute renal failure was found in three out of our five cases, and two were in frank uremia. The ARF was reversible and may be either oliguric or non-oliguric. The causes of ARF were not apparent, but direct nephropathy or some other factors might be involved in the pathogenesis of ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

Gas chromatographic analysis of coyote and magpie tissues for residues of compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate).

Tissues of coyotes and magpies administered known dosages of 1080 were analyzed for residues by an analytical method specifying gas chromatography and electron capture detection. The repeatability of the method was determined for the replicate analyses of coyote muscle tissue samples aged under different storage conditions. The average coefficient of variation (CV) was 6% for quadruplicate determinations of 1080 in fresh tissues, 12-14% for samples stored at - 10 degrees C for 30-60 days, and 24% for samples aged for 7 days at ambient temperatures. The larger CV value obtained for stored samples is attributed more to greater sample variability than to less precision of the analytical method. Residues of 1080 appear to be relatively stable in tissues; there was essentially no change in the concentration of 1080 in samples stored up to 28 days at ambient temperature. Residue levels in the muscle, heart, kidney, and intestine were comparable, slightly lower in the liver, and much higher in the stomach. The concentration of 1080 in the muscle tissue was related to the administered dosages. Correlation analyses of dosages and residue levels in coyote muscle tissue showed a correlation coefficient of 0.99 for 1080 administered by gavage, and 0.88 for 1080 administered by bait. A correlation coefficient of 0.99 was observed between dosages and mean residues in the breast muscle tissues of magpies. The average CV value was 3.5% for duplicate analyses of 1 g samples of magpie tissues.

Animals↗

Age dependence of dithiobiuret neurotoxicity in male and female rats.

Weanling, juvenile and adult rats both sexes were treated with 1 mg/kg/day [14C] dithiobiuret (DTB) until they developed skeletal muscle weakness as detected by failure in a rotarod test. The latent period before the onset of weakness was longest in weanling animals of both sexes. The greater resistance of the weanlings, to DTB intoxication, could not be explained by differences in the cumulative body burden or tissue distribution of DTB and its metabolites. The sex of the animal was not a determinant of DTB toxicity. Urine and feces were the major and minor routes, respectively, for elimination of DTB and its metabolites in all animals. However, weanlings excreted relatively less 14C by the urinary route and more by the fecal route when compared to adults. These findings demonstrated the age dependence of DTB neurotoxicity in rats and show that it is not caused by differences in either the cumulative body burden or tissue distribution of DTB-derived [14C].

Age Factors↗