Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Reserpine”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of reserpine, isobarin and dopegit on the resistance of cerebral vessels].

In tests staged on anesthetized cats the effects of reserpine, isobarine and dopegit upon the resistance of cerebral vessels were studied resistographically. In 60--120 minutes after their introduction these drugs raise the resistance of intracranial vessels, inhibiting their reaction to electric stimulation of sympathic nerves and bringing down at the same time the total arterial pressure. An inference is drawn to the effect that the mounting perfusion pressure in the cerebral vessels following the action of reserpine and isobarine occurs as a result of their alpha-adrenoreceptors stimulation with norepinephrine that is intensively secreted from the nerve endings. Dopegit exerts an analogous action through formation of alpha-methyl-norepinephrine, which produces, like norepinephrine, an effect on the cerebral vessels.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of reserpine and chlorothiazide in commercial tablets by liquid chromatography with fluorescence and UV absorbance detectors in series.

A procedure is presented for determination of reserpine and chlorothiazide in commercial tablets by liquid chromatography (LC). Powdered sample, equivalent to the weight of one tablet, is dissolved in 10.0 mL dimethyl sulfoxide, the mixture is diluted to 100.0 mL with methanol, and the solution is filtered; 10 mL of the filtrate is then diluted to 100.0 mL with methanol. The standard solution is prepared in the same solvent mixture and contains the 2 ingredients in approximately the same quantities as in the diluted sample solution. For LC, a 7.5 cm long normal-phase column is used; mobile phase consists of methanol containing a small volume of an aqueous solution of 1-pentanesulfonic acid, sodium salt. Two detectors are arranged in series: a fluorescence detector set at 280 nm excitation and 360 nm emission quantitates reserpine and a UV absorbance detector set at 300 nm determines chlorothiazide. Several synthetic mixtures containing the 2 ingredients in amounts ranging from 80 to 120% of quantities declared in commercial tablets were analyzed by the proposed method. Two samples of commercial tablets were also analyzed; for each sample, 5 determinations were made on a ground composite of 20 tablets; 10 individual tablets were also analyzed. The composites were also analyzed by the current U.S. Pharmacopeia method for this product.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1977

The effects of denervation, cocaine, 6-hydroxydopamine and reserpine on the characteristics of drug-induced contractions of the depolarized smooth muscle of the rat and guinea-pig vas deferens.

Previous studies have suggested that postjunctional supersensitivity of the vas deferens is due in part to altered electrophysiological properties, the sensitivity of the muscle being increased to any agonist which initiates contraction by means of depolarizing the cell membrane. Results of the present study indicate that altered electrical properties are not the only postjunctional changes which can account for the enhanced response. Dose-response curves for stimulant agonists were obtained in isolated vasa deferentia which were depolarized by a K-rich, Na-free solution. Chronic denervation resulted in a 2- to 3-fold displacement of the dose-response curve for norepinephrine to the left of control. Cocaine (10-(5)M) did not potentiate the response to norepinephrine of the innervated, depolarized smooth muscle. Supporting the contention that the supersensitivity of the depolarized tissue is postjunctional in nature was the finding that the denervated vas deferens was supersensitive to methoxamine, an agent which is not taken up by the neuronal amine transport system. Pretreatment of rats with reserpine (1.0 mg/kg/day for 5-7 days) also produced supersensitivity of the depolarized vas deferens. The increased maximal response to drugs of the denervated rat vas deferens which is observed in normally polarized tissues is absent in depolarized tissues suggesting that the phenomenon of increased maximum requires the existence of a membrane potential in order to be manifest. The denervated vas deferens, but not the vas deferens from reserpine-pretreated animals, exhibits an increase in the duration of drug-induced contractions. This effect occurs in both normal and depolarizing salt solutions suggesting that the change which leads to this phenomenon differs from those alterations which lead to postjunctional supersensitivity and to the enhanced maximal response.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Reserpine-induced dissociation of canine pancreatic secretion.

In five dogs, provided with chronic pancreatic and gastric fistulas (Thomas' cannula), the effects on exocrine pancreatic secretion of an intravenous continuous perfusion of gastrin (Eurorga, hog gastrin I-II, 6 mug./kg./hr.) and secretin (GIH, 0.5 C.U./kg.hr.) was studied before and after 48 hours of reserpine treatment (0.1 mg./kg./24 hr.). When compared with the pretreated plateau levels, reserpine induced a significant pancreatic secretion dissociation, a depressive of the alkaline and a rising of the protein component. The former phenomenon suggests a participation of a catecholamines in the secretin-elicited pancreatic electrolyte secretion. The latter, an enhanced sensitivity of intranpancreatic and/or acinar cells of the "pancreon" to gastrin stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Synergism of the toxicity of physostigmine and neostigmine by lithium or by a reserpine-like agent (Ro4-1284).

A single sublethal i.p. dose of lithium chloride (300 mg/kg or 7.1 meq/kg) followed 12 h later by an otherwise sublethal s.c. dose of physostigmine sulfate (1.0 mg/kg) resulted in 90% mortality among male rats following a pronounced cholinergic syndrome, including convulsions. This confirms a previous report of a lethal synergism of physostigmine after subacute dosing with lithium. Mortality could be completely prevented by 1.0 mg/kg of atropine sulfate given 30 min before physostigmine, but was incompletely, if at all, reduced by selective peripheral cholinergic blockers, methylatropine bromide (0.5, 1.5 mg/kg) or glycopyrrolate (1 mg/kg). This suggested a predominantly central site for the toxic interaction. However, a similar synergism of lethality caused by neostigmine methylsulfate (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.) after treatment with lithium, which could be eliminated by methylatropine or glycopyrrolate, indicates that lithium may also produce lethal synergism of a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor that does not act centrally. Ro4-1284, an agent that has reserpine-like actions, was tested in combination with physostigmine or neostigmine; it showed synergism of toxicity nearly the same as in the case of lithium plus the cholinergic agents. These findings support the hypothesis that lithium causes the toxic synergism via a reduction of adrenergic activity, leading to an imbalance between adrenergic and cholinergic influences and a consequent failure to tolerate the effects of the ChE inhibitors. A potential hazard for the clinical use of physostigmine and neostigmine, concurrently with lithium or reserpine-like agents, it suggested.

2H-Benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-Ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-↗
PubMed1997

Total Synthesis of (-)-Reserpine Using the Chiron Approach.

A highly stereocontrolled synthesis of ring D/E precursor to reserpine has been developed starting from (-)-quinic acid as a chiral template. The total synthesis of (-)-reserpine is described through the cyclization of an immonium lactam intermediate.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Spectrophotometric determination of Rauwolfia alkaloids: estimation of reserpine in pharmaceuticals.

A simple, sensitive and economically viable spectrophotometric method for the determination of some Rauwolfia alkaloids (ajmaline, ajmalicine, reserpine and yohimbine-HCl) has been developed. The method involves the oxidation of Rauwolfia alkaloids by iron(III) and subsequent complexation of iron(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline, forming a red-colored complex having the maximum absorbance at 510 nm. The method is applied to the determination of reserpine in tablets of pharmaceutical formulations. The common excipients do not interfere with the proposed method. A statistical comparison of these results with those of a reported method shows good agreement and indicates no significant difference in the precision.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of octadine, reserpine and methyl-dopa on the hemodynamic system].

In experiments set up on rats the influence of octadine (sanotensin), reserpine and methyl-dopa on the basic characteristics of the systemic hemodynamics in persistent renovascular hypertension was studied. The nature of the influence exerted by the above drugs on the systemic hemodynamics of hypertensive rats is shown to depend upon the duration of their action on the organism. The hypotensive effect manifests itself first by reduced cardiac ejection and then by a fall of the total peripheral resistance. It is presumed that the disappearance of the inhibitory action of octadine, reserpine and methyl-dopa on the cardiac ejection is related to the development of a compensatory reaction aimed at maintaining the needed level of the blood supply to the organs and tissues--i. e. at "systemic autoregulation".

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of the lithium compound with prolonged action during "reserpine depression"].

A single administration of the new lithium compound with prolonged action formed on the basis of lithium oxyburate produces an antiblepharoptosis effect in rats with reserpine depression for 24 to 48 h. It optimally prevents the development of "reserpine-desynchronization" in rats when prescribed in the morning at intervals of 48 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1962

Effect of chlorpromazine, reserpine, benactyzine and phenobarbitone on the release of corticotrophin in the rat.

A single injection into the rat of chlorpromazine, reserpine, benactyzine or phenobarbitone stimulates the release of corticotrophin. This effect is not seen after the drugs have been injected daily for 5 days, nor when the rats are hypophysectomized or pretreated with hydrocortisone. The stimulant effect of ether on corticotrophin release is not modified by pretreatment with a single injection, nor to any great extent after 5 daily injections of these drugs.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1963

CARDIAC AND VASCULAR EFFECTS OF SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF TRI-IODOTHYRONINE AND RESERPINE.

In spinal cats treated with tri-iodothyronine, the effects of sympathomimetic drugs on cardiac contraction were diminished. Ouabain failed to restore the effects on the contractile force of the heart. The effects of sympathomimetic drugs on the force of contraction of papillary muscle were not reduced by tri-iodothyronine, but the threshold for induction of automaticity was lowered. There was no evidence that in cats treated with reserpine the sensitivity of peripheral vessels to sympathomimetic agents is decreased and that blood pressure changes are merely secondary to changes in cardiac contraction.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1963

Influence of methodology on electroencephalographic sleep and arousal: studies with reserpine and etryptamine in rabbits.

In studies with reserpine and with etryptamine, quite opposite electroencephalographic effects were obtained when either of these two drugs was administered to rabbits prior to surgical preparation for EEG recording as opposed to the drug being given after the rabbits had been fully prepared for EEG recording. With the one method, EEG rhythms indicative of sleep were obtained, while with the other method, EEG rhythms indicative of central nervous system stimulation were obtained, although with both methods, the amount of drug, duration of drug in animal, and type of acute preparation were identical for both sets of findings. The presurgical injection procedure produced EEG results more in accordance with behavioral and biochemical findings, even though the conventional procedure is to administer the experimental drug after the animal has been prepared for EEG recording.

Animals↗
PubMed1965

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM IN PINEAL SEROTONIN: EFFECT OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITION AND RESERPINE.

The pineal gland of the rat shows a circadian rhythm in its serotonin content, the amount of serotonin decreasing at night. This decrease can be prevented by inhibiting the action of monoamine oxidase. Reserpine abolishes the circadian rhythm in pineal serotonin in the same manner as does interruption of the sympathetic nervous connections of the central nervous system and the pineal gland. These observations suggest that circadian changes in release and binding of serotonin may occur in the pineal gland, and that a central mechanism in which monoamines participate may control the circadian pineal-serotonin rhythm.

Amines↗
PubMed1963

OBSERVATIONS ON THE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND SEDATIVE EFFECTS OF MEBUTAMATE, MEPROBAMATE AND RESERPINE.

Mebutamate, a propanediol derivative, has recently been introduced as an antihypertensive agent. In a double-blind, controlled study of 33 patients, the antihypertensive effect of mebutamate was not found to differ significantly from that of a placebo.The psychosedative properties of mebutamate did not differ from those of meprobamate. Reserpine, when given orally, lowered blood pressure and its antihypertensive activity was independent of its sedative properties.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1979

Effects of reserpine, propranolol, and aminophylline on seizure activity and CNS cyclic nucleotides.

Convulsant doses of pentylenetetrazol (100 mg/kg) increase levels of both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP in mouse cerebral cortex and hippocampus. In animals pretreated with reserpine, propranolol, or aminophylline, pentylenetetrazol seizures were more severe, cyclic AMP elevations were attenuated or blocked, and cyclic GMP increases were unaffected or augmented. These data indicate that norepinephrine, adenosine, and perhaps other biogenic amines have a regulatory effect on cyclic AMP, but not cyclic GMP, levels in epileptic brain. An increased level of cyclic AMP in brain tissue may have an antiepileptic effect leading to seizure attenuation or termination. By contrast, elevated levels of cyclic GMP may have an epileptogenic effect in initiating or maintaining seizure activity.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed2005

Resolution of overlapping capillary electrophoresis peaks by using chemometric analysis: quantification of the components in compound reserpine tablets.

The application of multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) methods to second-order data from capillary electrophoresis with diode array detector (CE-DAD) is reported. Initial qualitative solutions obtained by evolving factor analysis (EFA) and pure-variable detection method can be further optimized by a simultaneous analysis of multiple electrophoresis run data with ALS regression. While unknown samples are analyzed simultaneously against the corresponding standards in different composition ratios, the exact amounts of common components in different CE runs can be determined by the traditional calibration curve method, and quantification can thus be achieved. The above methods are applied to the determination of the components in compound reserpine tablets in overlapping peaks from CE. The quantification results are compared with those of the first derivative of the electropherogram method and artificial neural network (ANN) method.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗
PubMed1990

Rat dopamine beta-hydroxylase: molecular cloning and characterization of the cDNA and regulation of the mRNA by reserpine.

A number of cDNA clones for rat dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) were isolated from a rat pheochromocytoma tumor cDNA library. The 2445 nucleotide sequence revealed a single open reading frame of 1860 nucleotides and a 3' untranslated region containing two polyadenylation addition signals. The cDNA coded for a 620 amino acid protein of 69,883 daltons. Six potential glycosylation sites and one potential phosphorylation site were identified. Amino acid residues likely to be involved in the active site of DBH and in copper ligand binding were identified. The N-terminal 42 amino acids appeared to constitute a typical but unusually long signal sequence. Hydropathy analysis indicated that this N-terminal region contained the only extensive hydrophobic domain and thus constituted the only obvious potential membrane attachment site. Northern analysis detected two mRNA species of 2.5 and 2.7 kb. The relative abundance of the 2.7 vs. 2.5 kb mRNAs was differentially regulated in PC12 cells and adrenals. DBH mRNA levels were induced in vivo in rat adrenals upon treatment with reserpine.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗