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[Passive hemagglutination assay (PHA) in detection of antibodies against measles].

By using passive hemagglutination test and hemagglutination inhibition test, 1771 specimens of sera from healthy people were simultaneously tested. The titers of antibodies against measles GMT were respectively 52.54 and 25.22. The related coefficient was 0.71. P less than 0.001. When the two methods were used to 77 children, the rate of active conversion was 97.40%. When the two methods were used to 28 patients suffering from measles, they gave out same results.

Antibodies, Viral↗

Potential therapeutic applications of PHA-L4, the mitogenic isolectin of phytohemagglutinin.

Assuming that the attributes of the mitogenic-leukoaggglutinating (L4) isolectin of phytohemagglutinin as a proposed ideal biologic response modifier can be confirmed, it could prove to be a highly versatile agent with broad therapeutic potential for several areas of management including cancer and cancer surgery adjuvant, critical infections (including that with the human immunodeficiency viruses), vaccine adjuvant, allograft transplantations, aplastic anemias, and extensive burns. The isolectin is predictably more likely to be effective as an adjuvant or adjunctive agent than as an induction agent. Initial evaluation in dogs would serve the double purpose of establishing a presumptive key role in veterinary medicine and expediting the development of its use in humans.

Animals↗

Cellular immunity in patients with leprosy. Circulating T lymphocytes and their response to PHA in leprosy.

The ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes from polar lepromatous (LL), borderline lepromatous (BL) and borderline tuberculoid (BT) patients to transform in vitro in the presence of phytohemagglutinin was found to be significantly reduced. A significant reduction in the percentage and absolute number of T lymphocytes was observed in LL cases. In BL cases the number of T lymphocytes was decreased, but the reduction was proportional to the reduction in the total lymphocyte population was observed only in bacteriologically positive cases.

Female↗

The production of hemopoietic growth factors by PHA-stimulated leukocytes.

Conditioned medium from cultures of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocytes has been assessed for its content of factors able to stimulate either colony formation by human granulopoietic progenitor cells, or 3H-thymidine incorporation by peripheral leukocytes from leukemic patients. The cell concentration, concentration of phytohemagglutinin and time required for optimal production of factors were investigated. Production of both classes of factors was found to be insensitive to inhibitors of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis, but sensitive to inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide. The production of colony stimulating activity showed a markedly greater sensitivity to cycloheximide than did production of thymidine-incorporating activity. For cycloheximide and most of the other inhibitors studied, factor production by leukemic cell populations was affected to a somewhat greater extent than production by normal leukocytes. Separation by velocity sedimentation of the cells responsible for production provided no evidence for distinct classes of cells producing these two classes of factors.

Cell Division↗