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PubMed1993

Amenity retirement migration process: a model and preliminary evidence.

A heuristic model of the retirement migration process was developed and explored using survey data from 586 migrants to western North Carolina. Five distinct subgroups were investigated: those who went from part- to full-time residency; those who thought about not migrating; individuals who migrated, remained in the labor force for a short period, and then retired; people who made two retirement migrations; and destination-selecting versus destination-specific migrants.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Equilibrium and historical-structural perspectives on migration.

"The equilibrium model of labor mobility and the historical-structural perspective on population movement are summarized and critiqued. A comparative analysis identifies the sources of the growing discontinuity in the contemporary literature on migration by exploring the theoretical and methodological implications of the contrasting paradigms of socioeconomic development in which each perspective is embedded. The last section outlines an alternative approach to the study of migration by shifting the unit of analysis to the household."

Demography↗
PubMed1992

Polish migration policies: challenges and dilemmas.

Following a brief historical overview of Polish migration policies and trends, current post-Communism migration is examined. The focus is on "two...types of Polish emigration.... The first, continuing over the last two decades, is temporary labor emigration, when emigres spend two to three years (especially overseas) or a few months (in Western Europe) working outside of Poland. The second model of movement of Poles abroad is short-term private business excursions to different regions of Europe and Asia." The author examines "which migration policies will be beneficial to Poland's political and economic systems, as the country enters a new phase of development."

Communism↗
PubMed1993

Population pressure, intensification of agriculture, and rural-urban migration.

"In this paper I provide an analytical basis for why labor absorption [in agriculture] may improve with higher population density. My argument is in two parts. First, analysing agriculture in isolation, I use the Boserup insight to show that higher population density is associated with more intensive techniques of land use. Second, using a two-sector model, I show that the rate of labor absorption (defined as the rate of natural population growth minus the rate of rural-urban migration) increases with the intensity of land use." Cross-sectional data for Iran are used to illustrate the model.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1995

Economic implications of migration into the Federal Republic of Germany, 1988-1992.

"An analysis of the effects of the last wave of migration into West Germany on labor markets, public finances and economic growth, this study points at the often ignored fact that the migrants were rather successful in finding jobs and thus helped in eliminating labor shortages in certain industries. Simulations with a macroeconometric model for the FRG indicate that in 1992 the GDP was almost 6 percent higher than without migration, that 90,000 jobs were created and that migration created a surplus of DM14 billion in the public sector, compared to the baseline. This study also makes clear, however, that these effects mainly depend on a quick absorption of migrants by FRG labor markets, and as to the social system, the relief may be only transitory."

Demography↗
PubMed1996

Explaining Australian immigration.

"This article reviews the post-Second World War literature on explanations for Australia's immigration program. It discovers three main schools of thought based on net pull factors: the official explanation and two unofficial explanations which focus on migrants as workers and on migrants as consumers. However the growing importance of net push factors after 1974 means that some of this work is less relevant today. Explanations focusing on net push factors have yet to cohere into a distinct perspective (or perspectives) but some research has been done on chain migration and family-based migration strategies, asylum seekers, temporary movement, and migration and the law."

Australia↗
PubMed1995

Regional interdependence and migration in Asia.

"The 1980s witnessed increasing regional interdependence in Asia through trade and investment. Increasing flows of labor within the region, however, raise questions about three important issues: (1) the assumption that trade, investment and aid will eventually mitigate migration pressure in source countries and the effectiveness of migration policies based on that assumption; (2) whether increasing regional interdependence stimulates or deters migration; [and] (3) the effect of rising interdependence on the political and international relations aspects of migration. As a partial attempt to address these questions, this article examines the regional pattern of economic interdependence by utilizing information concerning trade, investment and migration flows. The concept of interdependence/dependence is discussed within a political context, focusing on migration and policy responses to it. Observations are made on the implications for regional stability and development."

Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation on subclinical aspects related to intestinal parasitic infections among Thai laborers in Taipei.

BACKGROUND: The migration of foreign workers from developing regions to developed countries may potentially lead to transmission of intestinal parasitic infections. In order to determine the relationship between intestinal parasitic infections and the health status of foreign workers, 302 Thai laborers brought to Taiwan were examined in this study. Nine species of parasites were found in 64.9% of laborers; Opisthorchis viverrini, hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, Giardia lamblia, Trichuris trichiura, Fasciolopsis buski, Taenia sp, Echinostoma sp, Entamoeba coli. METHODS: From June 1992 to December 1993, a total of 302 Thai laborers, participating in the mandatory entry health examination at Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center were interviewed and examined. These subjects underwent a physical examination, chest roentgenography, and serological tests for human immunodeficiency virus antibody, syphilis (VDRL), and hepatitis B surface antigen. RESULTS: Among the 302 Thai laborers examined, 196 (64.9%) were found to be infected with 1 to 5 species of parasites. All 193 infected Thai laborers were treated in Taiwan. Two or 3 courses of pyrantel pamoate, mebendazole, praziquantel, and metronidazole were administered to 119, 45, 24, and 5 infected patients respectively. After 1 week of treatment, all results of stool examinations were negative. CONCLUSION: Acquisition of infection has been determined to be related to the consumption of koipla, a dish prepared from uncooked freshwater fish. Not unexpectedly, in the present study, it was found that this species was the most important intestinal parasite among Thai laborers and was significantly associated with the consumption of koipla.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The 1981 census project: an outline and some findings.

The authors describe the 1981 census project in Australia, a study that was designed to provide "government agencies and departments with information concerning recent demographic changes as rapidly as possible so that the policy implications could be elaborated and used by decision makers in the private and public sectors....[This article] is a brief summary of some of the major findings of the project, specifically relating to the demographic components, population composition and characteristics of groups in the population." Sections are included on mortality, fertility, and migration, as well as on specific population groups in Australia, such as the family, ethnic groups, the labor force, and the aged.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Migration and the family: the female perspective.

"This article shows that a family perspective is especially important for the analysis of female migration because: (1) women are major participants in 'family migration' as defined by governments and, although they benefit from family reunification provisions, they are also constrained by them; (2) migrant women are important economic actors and their participation in economic activity is closely related to the needs of their families, so that the choices that migrant women make regarding work cannot be understood without taking into account the situation of their families and women's roles within them; (3) women are increasingly becoming migrant workers in order to improve the economic status of their families; and (4) women rely on their families to provide various types of support that both make migration possible and condition its outcome. A review of the literature provides evidence supporting each of these observations."

Demography↗