Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Isosorbide”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effect of food on the oral bioavailability of isosorbide-5-mononitrate administered as an extended-release tablet.

We evaluated the effect of a high-fat breakfast and gastric emptying rate on the oral bioavailability of a isosoribide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) controlled-release tablet formulation (IMDUR 60-mg tablets, Astra Hässle AB, Mölndal, Sweden) relative to an oral solution in 18 healthy men. Gastric emptying was monitored by radiotelemetry using the Heidelberg capsule technique. After administration of the 5-ISMN 60-mg solution, absorption was rapid with mean peak plasma 5-ISMN concentrations of 1533 ng/mL achieved in less than 1 hour. In contrast, after administration of IMDUR 60-mg tablets, the drug was more slowly absorbed, reaching mean peak plasma concentrations of 541 ng/mL in 3 to 4 hours. The bioavailability of 5-ISMN from IMDUR tablets under fasted conditions was approximately 78% relative to the solution; and, in the presence of food, the bioavailability was slightly increased to 86% (P = .057). The mean gastric residence time of IMDUR tablets under fasted conditions was 68 minutes, and in the presence of food was increased to 478 minutes, with 9 of the 18 subjects having gastric emptying delayed for at least 600 minutes. We conclude that in the presence of food, gastric emptying time is considerably increased causing a delay in drug absorption and a slight increase in the bioavailability of 5-ISMN from this controlled-release tablet formulation, however this effect is not clinically relevant.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Does diabetes mellitus affect the progress of tolerance to isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) in corporal tissue?

For erection to take place, the penile arteries and sinusoids have to dilate, thereby increasing the blood flow into the penis. There is increasing evidence that release of l-arginine derived nitric oxide (NO) from nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) nerves and from the sinusoidal endothelium is a major event in penile smooth muscle relaxation and promotes the endogenous formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Nitrovasodilators can be attributed to the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increase in intracellular level of cyclic guanosine monophosphate, but prolonged exposure to high levels of nitroglycerine and other organic nitroesters induces tolerance against the cardiovascular effect. In this study, the aim was to determine the effect of diabetes on the corporal smooth muscle relaxant effect of ISDN and the effect of diabetes on the process of tolerance to the drug. For this purpose, alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits were used to form diabetes group. The responses of the corpus cavernous strips obtained from control and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit were studied in organ chamber. In conclusion, prolonged in vitro exposure of corpus cavernosum strips obtained from control and diabetic groups to high concentrations of ISDN caused significant desensitization to the relaxant effect the drug. So, prolonged exposure of corporal tissue to the agents like nitroglycerine, used for treatment of impotence, may render ineffective the therapy in diabetic erectile impotence. However, intolerance to nitric oxide provides a rationale for the concept of using nitro oxide agents (like SNP) in the treatment of diabetic erectile dysfunction.

Alloxan↗