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PubMed2005

Paternal filicide in Québec.

In this retrospective study, relevant demographic, social, and clinical variables were examined in 77 cases of paternal filicide. Between 1991 and 2001, all consecutive coroners' files on domestic homicide in Québec, Canada, were reviewed, and 77 child victims of 60 male parent perpetrators were identified. The results support data indicating that more fathers commit filicide than do mothers. A history of family abuse was characteristic of a substantial number of cases, and most of the cases involved violent means of homicide. Filicide was frequently (60%) followed by the suicide of the perpetrator and more so (86%) in cases involving multiple sibling victims. The abuse of drugs and alcohol was rare. At the time of the offense, most of the perpetrators were suffering from a psychiatric illness, usually depressive disorder. Nearly one-third were in a psychotic state. The proportion of fatal abuse cases was comparatively low. Many of the perpetrators had had contact with health professionals prior to the offense, although none had received treatment for a psychiatric illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The killing of severely disabled newborns: the spectre behind the legalisation of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.

Arguments made by those in favour of the legalisation of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia often rely upon the idea of the quality of life. This idea states that an individual's life is not valuable as an intrinsic good, but is only good based upon the things which it allows us to do. It thus allows the argument that it is morally permissible to kill individuals whose lives have fallen below an acceptable 'quality of life.' However, this concept may require that one accept the killing of individuals who have not expressly request to be killed such as severely disabled newborns. This paper will examine the issue of whether those who utilise a quality of life approach to justify the legalisation of PAS and euthanasia must logically accept the policy of killing severely disabled newborn children. First, there will be an examination of the concept of quality of life and its importance in the arguments for the legalisation of PAS or euthanasia. This paper will then consider how notions of personhood interact with the concept of quality of life in order to create the problem faced by those who favour the legalisation of PAS or euthanasia. Finally, this paper will consider how the notion of autonomy may be used as a way to avoid this difficulty created by the quality of life approach.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed2006

Neonaticide, newborn abandonment, and denial of pregnancy--newborn victimisation associated with unwanted motherhood.

We report two cases of newborn death and two cases of near-miss newborn death. One neonate was strangled to death after delivery in the hospital and one died from lethal congenital malformations. The third was found on the verge of death after being abandoned in a dumpster. The fourth was rescued from the toilet bowl by the mother's boyfriend while the mother was in a state of panic. In the three cases where the infants' maternal identities were known, the women were all primiparous and aged 22, 13, and 17 years. The paternity was extramarital, incestuous, and concealed, respectively. Denial or concealment of pregnancy was present in all cases, but none of the women had any overt psychiatric manifestations at the time of delivery. Neonaticide and newborn abandonment are closely associated with denial of pregnancy, and are serious forms of childhood victimisation. Their occurrence in Hong Kong is poorly understood and no representative figures are available. A concerted effort among the health care, social work, and judicial professionals is needed to define the scope of the problem and devise preventive measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Unnatural causes of death in children].

Of the unnatural deaths in childhood, those following child abuse are among the most disturbing. The incidence of unknown cases is high, although a rising number becomes known with increasing awareness by physicians, but obviously also with higher frequency of autopsies. Fatal physical child abuse is mainly related to head and abdominal trauma, besides meeting worst cases of neglect again and again. Diagnostic differentiation between falling from baby's dressing-tables, washing-machines, bed or rockinghorse--as stated generally--may be difficult in individual cases, but in most cases there is rather repeated abuse, so that the different age and nature of the injuries make it possible to draw decisive conclusions. The casual discrepancy between insignificant external and serious internal injuries again and again complicates discovery and identification of such abuses in time, but also of culpable homicides and accidents. From our point of view, it is imperative to perform an autopsy in every unclear case of death in infancy or childhood for further clarification.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1990

Families, murder, and insanity: a psychiatric review of paternal neonaticide.

Neonaticide is the killing of a newborn within the first 24 h of life. Although relatively uncommon, numerous cases of maternal neonaticide have been reported. To date, only two cases of paternal neonaticide have appeared in the literature. The authors review neonaticide and present two new case reports of paternal neonaticide. A psychodynamic explanation of paternal neonaticide is formulated. A new definition for neonaticide, more consistent with biological and psychological determinants, is suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neglect and abuse of children: historical aspects, identification, and management.

The dentist's role primarily involves awareness of the problem of maltreatment, a method of approach to identify and report suspected cases, the documentation of the injuries or neglect which have been observed, and follow-up of any orofacial injuries. Orofacial trauma is present in up to one half of the reported cases of child abuse and consists of bruises, burns, lacerations, and fractures of teeth and jaws. Further studies in the dental field are needed to delineate the types and incidences of orofacial injuries and their relationship to child abuse. Dentists and all professionals must work together, if adequate services are to be provided to protect children and rehabilitate families.

Adult↗