Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Hydroxides”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of tetramethylammonium hydroxide to determine the total fatty acid composition of microorganisms.

A destructive chromatographic method of identifying microorganisms is described. The method is based on hydrolysis of the biomass of the microorganisms in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, followed by introduction of the hydrolyzate into the heated injector of a gas chromatograph. The main products in this case are methyl esters of fatty acids, the composition of which is used as a diagnostic criterion. Chromatograms of the residues after chloroform-methanol extraction and the dynamics of the change in total fatty acids in the process of growth can also be used for identification. The dynamics of total fatty acids was studied in E. coli strain K-12, and destructive chromatograms for bacteria and yeasts are cited.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

Assessing the benefit of changing aluminium hydroxide schedule on anaemia and serum phosphorus control.

Convincing evidence exists concerning aluminium hydroxide (A1 (OH)3) absorption and risk of toxicity. Over recent years our aim has been to reduce exposure to this risk. In this study we evaluated the effect of changing our A1 (OH)3 prescription policy, reducing its intake by stopping the breakfast dose, separating the iron intake from the binder's influence, and tailoring the A1 (OH)3 dose according to the protein intake patterns. The change was done gradually, initially in a pilot group and then in the whole unit. The results from the pilot group, who completed two years follow-up and from the whole unit, when more patients adhered to the new scheme, were similar. After the A1 (OH)3 reduction serum phosphorus did not change, haemoglobin increased and the blood transfusion requirements decreased. These results support our preliminary findings that A1 (OH)3 might interfere with erythropoiesis and stress the necessity of reassessing the prescription of binders thoroughly aiming to give adequate individual doses according to the different protein intake patterns.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic correlation of muzolimine with and without aluminium hydroxide.

The objective of the reported study was to investigate whether aluminium hydroxide administered in addition to muzolimine interferes with the pharmacodynamics or the pharmacokinetics of the drug. For this purpose a cross-over study in 6 healthy male volunteers was carried out in which each subject received muzolimine and after a wash-out period muzolimine together with Aludrox. To avoid interferences of a psychological nature a third period with placebo was added. The administrations were randomised. The excreted urinary volume was measured, and blood was taken at relevant times in order to follow the pharmacokinetic profile. These are the results: Urinary excretion after the oral administration of muzolimine was within normal limits compared with the literature. There was no change in elimination with respect to either extent or time characteristics after the combined administration of Aludrox. There was no change in the pharmacokinetic profile either.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1979

Antigenicity testing of plain and aluminium hydroxide-adsorbed whole-cell cholera vaccines.

The antigenicity of a plain and of an aluminium hydroxide-adsorbed whole-cell cholera vaccine was investigated by the active mouse protection test and the vibriocidal antibody production assay in mice. In the active mouse protection test, between the antigenicity of the Inaba and Ogawa component of the two vaccines was no significant difference. The antibody production test, however, revealed that the adsorbed vaccine elicited higher and longer lasting immune response than the plain one. The antibody response to a two-dose immunization schedule was substantially superior to that after a one-dose schedule.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

Calcium hydroxide: the ultimate medicament?

There has been a trend to the promiscuous use of calcium hydroxide in clinical endodontics. It can be concluded that this medicament is not the principal factor in success following its use. It is reasonable to state that endodontic success is related to the obliteration of the canal system with a solid core root canal filling such as gutta percha.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1979

[The effect of sodium hydroxide-treated roughages in horses: I. Treated lucerne hay as a constituent of a complete ration for foals (author's transl)].

The possibility of including sodium hydroxide-treated lucerne hay as a constituent in rations for horses was investigated by measuring its effect on the performance and certain bloodcomponents of growing foals. As no adverse effects were found it is concluded that further investigation is necessary to see whether the inclusion of low grade-treated roughages in the ration of horses would be of economic significance.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Sheep-pox vaccine prepared from formaldehyde inactivated virus adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide gel.

The aim of the study was to produce an efficacious formaldehyde inactivated, adsorbed vaccine from the Mongolian sheep-pox MH virus strain. Aluminium hydroxide gel prepared from AlCl3 X 6 H2O proved to be the most efficacious adsorbent among the gels prepared from different substances. Above 1.8% Al2O3 content the unadsorbed virus quantity was less than 1% of the original one. Using gel prepared from KAl(SO4)2 and AlCl3 X 6 H2O, respectively, the quantity of adsorbed virus was the same during the adsorption period from 10 min to 24 h. Intradermal inoculation of sheep proved more advantageous for virus production than subcutaneous inoculation. Three vaccines containing different quantities of antigen were prepared from virus propagated in sheep. The vaccine containing 19 800 ID50 inactivated virus did not protect the sheep even against a virus challenge of 25 ID50, while that of 67 000 ID50 content protected 50% of the animals infected with 125 to 287 ID50, and that of 395 000 ID50 content protected 100% of the animals against challenge with more than 100 000 ID50. More than 3 million sheep were inoculated in Mongolia with vaccines of 350 000 ID50 virus content in the last years. In the areas where vaccination has been introduced no sheep-pox epizootic has occurred.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in the transmural electric potential difference in the region of stomach ulcer. Local effect of sucralfate, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate].

In three groups of six patients with gastric ulcer, sucralfate, aluminium hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate, respectively was applied to the ulcer under endoscopic vision. Prior to, two and four hours after application of these substances, the transmural electrical potential difference (p.d.) was measured in the region of the bed of the ulcer, the margin of the ulcer, the antrum on the lesser curvature side, and in the pool of juice; additionally, the degree of adherence of the substances to the floor of the ulcer was recorded. After sucralfate, the increase in p.d. in the bed of the ulcer was clearly greater two and four hours post-application than after the two antacids tested, and adherence to the ulcer was also more marked and longer lasting. These findings confirm the superior local protective effect of sucralfate in the bed of the ulcer on the basis of its physico-chemical properties, as compared with the antacids tested. These clinico-experimental findings correlate with the efficacy of sucralfate in ulcer disease as demonstrated in clinical studies.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

[Hyperaluminemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. Evaluation of the respective roles of dialysate aluminum and oral aluminum hydroxide].

UNLABELLED: In order to evaluate the respective role of dialysate aluminium and of oral aluminium hydroxide in the occurrence of hyperaluminemia in patients on chronic hemodialysis, plasma aluminium was measured in 19 of them selected for their reliability, before and then 6 and 12 months after the use of a double step reverse osmosis system which allowed to have dialysate aluminium always below 20 micrograms/l, whereas before it was between 20 and 120 micrograms/l. No significant decrease of their plasma aluminium concentration was observed (81 +/- SEM 12, 81 +/- 12 and 75 +/- 12 micrograms/l respectively). But a significant correlation between plasma aluminium and the total or daily prescribed dose of Al (OH)3 was found before and after 12 months of reverse osmosis. A significant negative correlation was observed between plasma aluminium and the mean corpuscular volume, before and 12 months after reverse osmosis. No correlation was found between plasma aluminium and the plasma PTH levels or with the administration of active vitamin D metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that oral Al (OH)3 plays a predominant role in the hyperaluminemia of hemodialyzed patients and that hyperaluminemia may contribute to their microcytic anemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Risk of orally administered aluminium hydroxide and results of withdrawal.

In 23 haemodialysis patients, taking regularly aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) of various dosage regimens for more than 18 months, three developed aluminium (Al) related morbidity (fracturing osteopathy 3/3, encephalopathy 2/3, 1/3 died). In 15 patients followed for 14 months after Al(OH)3 withdrawal the previously elevated serum Al concentrations fell and no worsening of osteodystrophy (especially hyperparathyroidism) could be demonstrated. Our data and other reports suggest that oral administration of Al containing phosphate binders causes unacceptable morbidity for an unproven benefit, and should be avoided.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Influence of aluminium hydroxide intake on haemoglobin concentrations and blood transfusion requirements in haemodialysis patients.

To investigate the likely influence of aluminium hydroxide intake (Al(OH)3) on haemoglobin concentrations and blood transfusion requirements we studied 27 long-term haemodialysis patients for 24 months divided in two equal periods: (P I and P II). All patients received oral iron as a fasting single dose, intravenous iron being used only occasionally. During P I Al(OH)3 was given thrice daily, during P II Al(OH)3 was reduced significantly by stopping the breakfast dose, thereby separating the oral iron from the influence of the binder. After Al(OH)3 reduction haemoglobin increased, the requirement for blood transfusion decreased, and the need for intravenous iron also decreased. Serum phosphorous did not change. This suggests that Al(OH)3 might interfere with erythropoiesis and we consider it advisable to avoid the morning dose of Al(OH)3 which in many cases is not necessary.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1983

Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. Cytologic v potassium hydroxide preparations.

In 26 patients with culture-proved pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, cytologic preparations of respiratory secretions were significantly more sensitive (38.5%) than potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations (15.4%) in identifying spherules of Coccidioides immitis. Those patients able to produce sputum or having multiple-lobe pneumonitis on chest roentgenogram appeared to be more likely to have spherules identified in the sputum by either technique. In the absence of sputum production or multiple-lobe pneumonitis, neither cytologic nor KOH preparations were likely to disclose spherules. Because of its greater sensitivity, a cytologic preparation should be examined in addition to a KOH preparation when pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is a clinical consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[On the pharmacokinetics of tiaprofenic acid and its possible interactions with acetylsalicylic acid and aluminum hydroxide (author's transl)].

To clarify the question whether pharmacokinetic properties of tiaprofenic acid (presumable trade name Surgam) can be changed by simultaneous application of aluminum hydroxide or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) a randomized study of 7 healthy volunteers was carried out. The results show that the bioavailability as well as the pharmacokinetic profile of orally administered tiaprofenic acid is not changed by the mentioned compounds.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1994

[A case of juvenile dermatomyositis with calcinosis universalis--remarkable improvement with aluminum hydroxide therapy].

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a multisystem disease characterized by acute and chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of striated muscle and skin. JDM is classified into an independent entity in the classification of dermatomyositis, and it is marked by the development of calcinosis late in the course of the disease. Since an appropriate steroid therapy for the disease was established, the prognosis of the JDM has been improved except for a fulminant case. Frequency of calcinosis in JDM also has been decreasing because of the adequate steroid therapy. However, once calcinosis universalis occurs, this is the most troublesome and debilitating complication in JDM. Treatment of calcinosis universalis in JDM, so far, remains unsatisfactory. We report here a case of JDM, who suffered from at the age of 3 years, with calcinosis universalis that showed remarkable improvement to orally administrated aluminum hydroxide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Epidemiological studies on Schistosoma mansoni infection in the western region of Saudi Arabia using the potassium hydroxide stool digestion technique.

The potassium hydroxide stool digestion technique was used in 30 sites in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia (Hijaz highlands and Tihamah lowlands) for epidemiological studies of S. mansoni. The mean prevalence rate in 2792 individuals (1490 males and 1302 females) in Hijaz highlands (20 sites) was 6.09 (0.5-20.1%) and the geometric mean egg count of stool was 110.8 (63-285). The prevalence rate was greater in males (8.06%) than in females (3.79%). The peak prevalence in males was in the age group 11-15 years, and 31-50 years in females. In 10 sites in the Tihamah lowlands a total of 1771 persons were examined for schistosomiasis. Only one site was recorded with S. mansoni, at a prevalence rate of 0.05%; S. haematobium was recorded in two sites at prevalence rates of 0.55 and 1.13%. Praziquantel therapy (40 mg kg-1) of 170 S. mansoni cases showed a cure of 85-98% at 1-6 months after treatment and a considerable reduction in stool arithmetic mean egg count. Schistosoma haematobium was not recorded in the Hijaz highlands.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of invert soap with 0.05% sodium hydroxide on infectious bursal disease virus.

The effects of invert soaps with sodium hydroxide on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were studied. Didecyldimethylammonium chloride was most effective, followed by alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and [mono-bis(tri-methylammonium-methylene chloride)]-alkyl (C9-15) toluene. Dilutions without NaOH had little effect on virus titer. Didecyldimethylammonium chloride was further tested for its effects on IBDV by varying temperature, concentration of invert soap, and pH of the dilution. The effect of the invert soap was strong at 40 C, moderate at room temperature, and weak at 4 C. The concentration of invert soap influenced its efficacy at room temperature but not at 4 C. At pH values below 12.9, the invert soap showed decreased efficacy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Isolation of tubercle bacilli from sputum samples of patients in the field studies by the cetylpyridinium chloride-sodium chloride & sodium hydroxide methods.

A total of 125 sputum specimens, collected in the field, were homogenised, aliquoted in sterile universal containers and randomly allocated to the cetylpyridinium chloride - sodium chloride (CPC-NaCl) method and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) method for culture of tubercle bacilli. After storage for 8 days at ambient temperature in the field laboratory at Thiruvallur, the aliquots were transported to the main laboratory at Madras where they were processed for culture by the respective methods. The yield of positive cultures in the CPC-NaCl (31/125) method was only marginally better than that in the NaOH method (27/125) (95% CI being-3.4 to 9.8%), while the contamination of cultures was significantly less in the CPC-NaCl method (3/125) than in the NaOH method (12/125) (95% CI being 2.2 to 12.2%). As the CPC-NaCl method has advantages over the NaOH method in reducing contamination, in augmenting the yield of positive cultures and also in its simplicity, it can be applied in field studies.

Bacteriological Techniques↗