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Results for “FACIAL DERMATOSES”

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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Melasma: histopathological characteristics in 56 Korean patients.

BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis characterized by irregular light to dark brown macules and patches on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Its histopathological characteristics are not fully understood. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the histopathological features of facial melasma skin in comparison with adjacent normal skin. METHODS: Biopsies were taken from both melasma lesional skin and adjacent perilesional normal skin in 56 Korean women with melasma. The sections were stained using haematoxylin and eosin, Fontana-Masson, diastase-resistant periodic acid-Schiff, Masson trichrome and Verhoeff-van Gieson stains, and immunostaining for melanocytes. Data on the changes in number of melanocytes and melanin contents of the epidermis were analysed by a computer-assisted image analysis program. The ultrastructure of the skin was also examined. RESULTS: The amount of melanin was significantly increased in all epidermal layers in melasma skin. The staining intensity and number of epidermal melanocytes increased in melasma lesions. Lesional skin showed more prominent solar elastosis compared with normal skin. Melanosomes increased in number and were more widely dispersed in the keratinocytes of the lesional skin. Lesional melanocytes had many more mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes in their cytoplasm. A dihydroxyphenylalanine reaction was apparent in the cisternae and vesicles of the trans-Golgi network in melanocytes from lesional skin. CONCLUSIONS: Melasma is characterized by epidermal hyperpigmentation, possibly caused both by an increased number of melanocytes and by an increased activity of melanogenic enzymes overlying dermal changes caused by solar radiation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Immunohistochemical study of chronological and photo-induced aging skins using the antibody raised against D-aspartyl residue-containing peptide.

BACKGROUND: Biologically uncommon D-aspartyl residues have been reported in the elderly tissues such as tooth, eye lens, aorta, and brain. We have previously prepared the antibody against D-aspartyl residue-containing peptide and found that it reacted with elastotic material of actinic elastosis. METHODS: Immunoreactivity of the normal skins obtained from sun-exposed and sun-protected skins of varied ages with this antibody was studied. RESULTS: In the sun-exposed skins, the antibody showed negative reaction with the skin specimens of young donors, whereas it reacted with elastotic materials of actinic elastosis of the elderly. In the sun-protected skins, the antibody recognized elastic fiber-like structures and inner layer of vessels found from the mid to lower dermis of old donors but showed no positive reaction to skin specimens of young donors. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the antibody is a potent marker for chronological and ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin aging. Unusual eosinophilic bodies seen in the superficial dermis in the sun-exposed area of the elderly skins were also immunoreactive with the antibody, suggesting that the eosinophilic bodies resulted from UV-induced skin damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Cutaneous sporotrichosis: an unusual clinico-pathologic and therapeutic presentation.

This report presents a number of unusual clinico-histopathologic and therapeutic features in a culture proven case of cutaneous sporotrichosis. These include lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis involving face; its dissemination in an otherwise healthy patient; its histology mimicking cutaneous cryptococcosis; two episodes of severe purulent inflammatory reaction bordering the lesion during therapy with saturated solution of potassium iodide; no therapeutic response to potassium iodide therapy and rapid healing of lesion with high-dose of fluconazole.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Decreased activity of acid alpha-glucosidase in a patient with persistent periocular swelling after infusions of hydroxyethyl starch.

After infusion therapy with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on account of sudden hearing loss, a 68-year-old woman developed a marked and persistent periocular swelling. This extraordinary adverse effect caused us to search for an explanation by means of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy and biochemistry. In lesional periocular skin and in normal-appearing skin, lysosomal storage of HES could be detected with a specific HES antibody in histiocytes, endothelial cells, basal keratinocytes and small nerves. In the periocular skin, a stronger deposition of HES was found in addition to distinct xanthomatous changes as well as features of lymphoedema. In view of lysosomal HES storage we measured the pH-dependent activity of the lysosomal alpha-glucosidase (GAA) in cultured fibroblasts. We found a 50% decreased activity of the acid GAA, which is consistent with a heterozygous state of glycogenosis type II (Pompe's disease) and potentially of pathogenetic relevance for the intralysosomal accumulation of HES. Xanthomatous changes and lymphoedema are likely to be secondary effects, but contribute considerably to the clinical manifestation of persistent visible swelling. This observation could point to a role for GAA in the elimination of tissue-stored HES. Patients with decreased activities of GAA may be at risk of unusual adverse effects following extraordinary and prolonged tissue storage of HES, especially if it is infused in large quantities.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Facial port wine stains in childhood: prediction of the rate of improvement as a function of the age of the patient, size and location of the port wine stain and the number of treatments with the pulsed dye (585 nm) laser.

In this study we examined the rate of decrease in size of facial port wine stains (PWS) as a function of number of treatments, lesion size, lesion location and patients' age. This study was performed at the University of Colorado Hospital Outpatient Dermatology Center, Denver, U.S.A. A consecutive sample of 91 patients 18 years of age or younger with facial PWS in which the entire lesion was treated at each visit were studied. Included were all patients who had a minimum of five treatments or complete clearance of their lesion in fewer than five treatments. Patients were evaluated following one, five and 10 treatments with the pulsed (450 s) dye (585 nm) laser. Improvement was defined as the percentage decrease in the size of the PWS. For all patients, the first five treatments resulted in a mean decrease in size of 55% while the second five treatments (38 patients) only improved the mean decrease in size by 18%. Grouped by location, the mean decreases in size from the first five and the second five treatments were as follows: central forehead = 100%, 0%; peripheral face = 58%, 28%; central face = 48%, 14%; and mixed (combination of peripheral and central face) = 21%, 9%. All central forehead PWS completely cleared within five treatments while none of the mixed PWS did so even with an average of 14 treatments. Grouped by size, mean decrease in size was highest for small lesions; < 20 cm2 = 67%, 21%; 20 to < 40 cm2 = 45%, 8%; and > 40 cm2 = 23%, 29%. Grouped by age, mean decrease in size was highest for young children: < 1-year-old = 63%, 33%; 1 to < 6 years = 48%, 15%; and older than 6 years = 54%, 10%. For all patients studied, maximal improvement was obtained in the first five treatments. Major determinants of treatment response in order of decreasing importance are PWS location, size and patients' age. The most successful responses are seen in young patients (less than 1 year old) with small PWS (under 20 cm2) that are located over bony areas of the face such as the central forehead. These three determinants may be useful tools to guide patient expectations and to predict the rate of improvement of PWS to pulsed dye laser treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Spinulosis of the face as a manifestation of demodicidosis.

We describe a 78-year-old woman with polycythaemia rubra vera who had multiple tiny follicular hyperkeratotic spicules on the cheeks. She was receiving treatment with oral hydroxyurea, but no topical agents had been applied to her face. Histopathological study demonstrated numerous Demodex folliculorum mites within dilated follicular infundibula, and we consider that the mites were playing a part in the aetiology of the skin lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Reticulolinear aplasia cutis congenita of the face and neck: a distinctive cutaneous manifestation in several syndromes linked to Xp22.

A distinct form of aplasia cutis congenita presenting as linear facial skin defects has been described under a variety of names as Xp deletion syndrome. MIDAS (microphthalmia, dermal aplasia and sclerocornea) syndrome, MLS (microphthalmia and linear skin defects) and Gazali-Temple syndrome. The syndrome is lethal in males, and its severity in females varies from a relatively mild residual facial scarring with short stature to lethal developmental organ malformations. A new case with peculiar ultrastructural findings is presented. A review of the literature suggests that these associations represent a series of contiguous-gene syndromes.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1998

Unusual clinical variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Pakistan.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan and poses a great risk to non-immune visitors to the area. The wide spectrum of clinical variants of this common disease is at times a diagnostic challenge. A total of 1709 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis were recorded over a 1-year period. In 37 (2%) patients the lesions were very unusual, and therefore worth reporting. These included acute paronychial, chancriform, annular, palmoplantar, zosteriform and erysipeloid forms. The zosteriform and erysipeloid forms have rarely been reported previously, but to the best of our knowledge, acute paronychial, chancriform, annular and palmoplantar lesions are being reported for the first time. The morphologically unusual lesions may be attributed to an altered host response or involvement of an atypical strain of parasite in these lesions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Linear cutaneous lupus erythematosus following the lines of Blaschko.

We describe two Japanese girls with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) in whom the condition showed a linear configuration following the lines of Blaschko. The clinical appearance was unusual but histological examination established the diagnosis. After reviewing the previous reports, we found that in six of eight patients with linear 'discoid' lesions, the age at onset was under 14 years; no patient has progressed to systemic lupus erythematosus. Patients with 'linear' DLE may compose a certain clinical subset. We propose the term 'linear cutaneous lupus erythematosus' which may be more suitable for the linear lesions of DLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Limitations of standardized skin surface biopsy in measurement of the density of Demodex folliculorum. A case report.

Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) is an appropriate method for measuring the density of Demodex folliculorum (Dd). Nevertheless, the observation of a clinical case demonstrates that, contrary to what was presumed before, a single SSSB can fail to collect the complete biotope of the mite. This could give rise to false negative results regarding the measurement of Dd.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Eosinophilic foreign body granuloma after multiple self-administered bee stings.

A bee sting can cause a foreign body granuloma of the skin, due to activated macrophages at the stinging site. A 52-year-old woman presented with a large doughnut-shaped ulcerative tumour on the left side of her face. A bean-sized facial papule had grown to a 4.0 x 3.9 x 1.1 cm mass after multiple bee stings induced by herself over a period of 1 year. Histology showed epidermal ulceration with granulomatous inflammatory cell infiltration of many eosinophils. No micro-organisms or foreign bodies were identified. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was not effective, but an excellent outcome was obtained using carbon dioxide laser vaporization of the lesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The relationship between facial annular erythema and anti-SS-A/Ro antibodies in three East Asian women.

A distinct annular erythema developed on the cheeks of three East Asian women who had anti-SS-A/Ro (SSA) antibodies. The erythema was characterized by a wide, elevated border and central pallor. Histologically, there was a coat-sleeve-like infiltration of lymphocytes around the blood vessels, appendages, and secretory gland cells in the dermis. Immunohistological analysis clarified that the majority of infiltrating lymphocytes were CD4-positive T cells. Abnormal expression of HLA-DR antigens in the perivascular, appendage, and secretory gland cells in the dermis was also observed. The differential diagnosis of the three patients lay between Sjögren syndrome (SjS), Sjögren/systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome and an asymptomatic clinical state. These results are consistent with recent findings of major histocompatibility complex class II expression on target organs in various autoimmune diseases. Based on these findings, erythema appears to represent a broad cutaneous manifestation of these diseases. Furthermore, the presence of SSA antibodies, aberrant HLA-DR expression, and sun exposure may be responsible for the development of erythema.

Adult↗