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Results for “Disaster Planning”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence of the effectiveness of health sector preparedness in disaster response: the example of four earthquakes.

In this article, evidence that health sector preparedness improves response performance in disasters was examined. Case fatality and survival data were compared for four earthquakes, in relation to health sector emergency preparedness levels. Vast differences in performance were found. The two California systems, with a high preparedness index, had low case fatality rates (about one death per 100 injuries). Kobe, Japan, with mixed levels of preparedness, had 31 deaths per 100 injuries, and Armenia (low preparedness index) had 167. Public health and health sector preparedness made a significant difference in the ability to respond effectively to meet patient needs in disasters, although it is only one of several factors that determine the health outcome of disaster victims.

Armenia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

After Hurricane Floyd passed: investigating the social determinants of disaster preparedness and recovery.

In September 1999, Hurricane Floyd struck eastern North Carolina. Investigators from the health promotion study "Health Works for Women/Health Works in the Community" responded by initiating a focused research study, "Health Works After the Flood." Participatory research involving a multilevel design and qualitative methods was applied to investigate how community preparedness, response, and recovery are affected by social factors such as social capital, social cohesion, and collective efficacy. This article presents evidence from qualitative research conducted for "Health Works After the Flood" and links these findings to observations regarding current conceptualizations of social capital and related concepts.

Community Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Public health emergency preparedness in the setting of child care.

Many of America's youngest children are enrolled in child care and parents expect their child care providers to be prepared to handle emergencies. Emergency preparedness in child care is complex, complicated further by threats of public health emergencies, including terrorism. Unfortunately, minimal attention has been given to the needs of child care in planning for these emergencies. Involving Child Care Health Consultants promotes child care preparedness that is integrated in to community plans. This article discusses child care emergency preparedness, offering recommendations for consultants working with child care providers.

Child↗
PubMed1998

The puzzle of Fran: home healthcare in a hurricane.

A natural disaster in the form of Hurricane Fran resulted not only in stories of ingenuity and compassion, but in a major performance improvement (PI) process for the entire agency. Through this PI process we learned about ourselves as a home health agency and discovered ways to improve our performance. More importantly we discovered ways to improve patient tracking and care during a disaster.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed2006

National Nurse Month.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1997

Social network disturbances and psychological distress following earthquake evacuation.

The relationship between social network disturbances following earthquake evacuation and self-reported psychological distress (reduced version of the SCL-90-R) 3 to 4 years later was studied among 817 Italian male factory workers. Increased distress was reported by permanently relocated men, while those who were evacuated, but returned to their original homes, reported distress levels comparable to their nonevacuated co-workers. Additionally, among evacuated men, only those whose relocation placed them at an increased distance from family and/or friends reported distress levels higher than the nonevacuated. Change in visiting frequency with family and/or friends following evacuation was not related to distress. Although these data are correlational and cross-sectional, they are consistent with the hypothesis that disaster related distress is, in part, a function of resulting social network disruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Autopsy of a disaster: the Martinez bus accident.

On 21 May 1975 a chartered bus carrying 51 members of a student choir rolled from a sharply curved freeway off-ramp and fell 22 feet, landing on its roof, which collapsed. Twenty-nine passengers died (25 before extrication) and 22, plus the driver, survived. An analysis of factors leading up to the accident reveals several contributing causes, among them inadequate design of the ramp, poor warning signs, driver inexperience with the bus, and deficient bus maintenance. Bus design itself contributed to the lethality of the event. Structural support for the roof was inadequate and no access was available to the interior for extrication of victims. Problems with organization at the scene, triage, and communications among agencies involved in the rescue and receiving hospitals contributed to confusion in the transport of victims, although it appears this had little impact on outcome. An analysis of the accident allows several lessons to be learned which might prevent, or reduce, the fatalities from future accidents involving multipassenger vehicles, and other disasters with 10 to 25, or more than 25 fatalities. In the present report ten of 25 killed were judged possibly salvageable with immediate extrication.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1991

Trauma management in a war zone: the Lebanese war experience.

Lessons learned from the Vietnam and Korean conflicts have emphasized the necessity of an organized preparedness for optimal management of casualties. The present report summarizes the experience of a tertiary care center in the present Lebanese war. Between 1975 and 1986, approximately 30,000 war casualties were treated at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). A disaster plan was implemented whenever more than 25 major trauma victims were received within 1 hour. In-field stabilization and emergency room (ER) thoracotomy were not employed. The results are illustrated by an analysis of 1,500 cases of abdominal trauma, (1,314 high-velocity gunshot wounds, 29 stab wounds, 157 blunt injuries). A total of 1,420 patients were operated on within 6 hours of admission and 711 within the first hour. Overall mortality was 130, 8.7%; 9.5% for gunshot wounds, 3.4% for stab wounds, and 2.5% for blunt trauma. One hundred forty-five patients or 9.7% had negative findings at laparotomy. The factors affecting mortality were hypotension on admission (26.5% for a BP less than 90 mm Hg and 2.8% for a BP higher than 90 mm Hg) and the presence of extra-abdominal injuries (14.4% with and 4.4% without). The chief causes of death were hemorrhage (3.7%), sepsis (2.1%), and ARDS (1.2%).

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2005

When disaster strikes.

In response to the healthcare issues resulting from Hurricane Katrina, The Nurse Practitioner has compiled information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to educate nurse practitioners (NPs) about previously uncommon illnesses presenting in the wake of the disaster, CDC recommendations on immunizations and infection prevention, and guidelines for providing proper wound care. Visit http://www.cdc.gov for full text of these articles.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1997

The gift of community.

After working side by side with three generations, the authors unfolds a story of survival. This poignant testimony to humanity focuses on the courage and the strength of the people of North Dakota during the 1997 flood.

Community Participation↗