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At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Transmission of hepatitis C by blood splash into conjunctiva in a nurse.

The risk of transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important problem for the health care worker. HCV transmission by blood splashing into eyes is very rare. In a hemodialyses department, a 23-year-old female nurse splashed blood from a patient who was anti-HCV positive into her eyes. She washed her eyes with water immediately and reported to the infection control department. She had never used intravenous drugs nor received transfusions. At the time of exposure, there was no abnormality in her laboratory tests. Her anti-HCV and HCV-RNA tests produced negative results. She was followed up for anti-HCV and alanine aminotransferase activity. After 6 months, she presented with sore throat, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weight loss. She had icterus and hepatomegalia. In laboratory tests, alanine aminotransferase level was 504 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase level was 388 U/L, and anti-HCV and HCV-RNA tests produced positive findings. She was treated with interferon alfa-2a for a 1-year period. After treatment, an HCV-RNA test produced negative results and transaminase levels were normal. In conclusion, splashing blood from patients who are HCV positive into the face or eyes is a risk for health care workers. They should be educated to prevent a nosocomial acquisition of bloodborne infection and they should observe protective precautions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Estrogen and progesterone receptors and human conjunctiva.

Freshly frozen conjunctival tissue from premenopausal and postmenopausal women and male subjects were processed for estrogen and progesterone receptors by using monoclonal antibodies and a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. No immunocytochemical staining was localized in the nuclei of the cells treated with the monoclonal antibodies to human estrogen receptor or human progesterone receptor in any of the conjunctival specimens, in contrast to the strongly positive staining in breast adenocarcinoma controls. Immunocytochemical staining disclosed no evidence for estrogen or progesterone receptors on cells of the ocular surface.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection of the conjunctiva by Rhinosporidium seeberi.

Rhinosporidiosis is an unusual fungal disease that rarely affects the eye. It was first described as a pathogen in humans at the turn of the century. The etiologic agent, Rhinosporidium seeberi, commonly produces granulomatous inflammation of the upper respiratory mucosa. Most reported ocular infections have occurred in hot, dry climatic regions. We present a case of conjunctival rhinosporidiosis in an 11-year-old boy from western New York state, the first such report from the temperate zones of North America. The clinical characteristics, histopathologic features, and recommended therapeutic measures are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva.

One hundred thirty-one cases of conjunctival melanoma in which biopsies had been performed were studied to determine potential factors that might affect outcome in patients with these lesions. Two groups of lesions were identified: those associated with primary acquired melanosis (melanoma with PAM, 98 cases, 74.8 per cent) and those without primary acquired melanosis (melanoma without PAM, 33 cases, 25.2 per cent). The overall mortality rate in the 131 cases was 26 per cent (34 of 131); the mortality rate due to melanoma with PAM was 25.5 per cent (25 of 98), and that due to melanoma without PAM was 27.3 per cent (9 of 33). If PAM was associated with the lesion, the presence of atypical melanocytes within the epithelium (pagetoid invasion) was a sensitive indicator of subsequent metastasis. Tumor thickness may also be useful for predicting subsequent metastases. None of the histologic parameters studied proved useful for predicting outcome in patients who had melanomas without PAM. The presence or absence of nevi had no effect on prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Naloxone applied to conjunctiva as a test for physical opiate dependence.

Significant pupillary dilatation in response to conjunctivally applied naloxone was demonstrated with polaroid photography in 46 opiate addicts on maintenance methadone prescription. No pupillary response was seen to an identical procedure in 17 non-addict subjects who had been given an opiate premedication before elective surgery. This pupillary response to naloxone could be used as a test to identify the physically dependent opiate user.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Cat scratch disease bacilli in the conjunctiva of patients with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome.

Unilateral conjunctivitis with regional lymphadenitis has been designated Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome (POGS). The cause has been attributed to various infectious agents, especially leptothrix and the unidentified agent of cat scratch disease (CSD). In 1983-84 the cause of CSD in lymph node and skin was established as small pleomorphic gram-negative bacilli. We now report identical bacteria in the conjunctival lesions of 9 of 24 patients with POGS. This confirms the belief that the CSD bacillus is a major cause of POGS.

Adolescent↗