Computer literacy and CSLT requirements.
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The design of CIS utilizing the hospital's network allows for the flexibility of providing clinicians with on-line access to additional valuable patient information. The acceptance of CIS and the continuing demand for access to CIS are excellent indicators that development of this system was well worth the efforts of the individuals and teams involved in the planning, design, and implementation of CIS. Although it cannot replace the traditional paper medical record, CIS certainly is being recognized as a timely and reliable resource for the communication of patient information in the Ohio State University's numerous patient treatment facilities.
Criteria for computer systems evaluation are changing. No longer can we rely on an evaluation based solely on what the combination of hardware and software does for the user (functional criteria). Significant improvements in software productivity have occurred in recent years as a result of the availability of tools such as relational database management systems and fourth-generation languages. Meanwhile new technologies such as image processing and graphical user interfaces, e.g. MS-Windows and X Window, are coming onstream. Most of these technologies and capabilities require substantially more computing resources than traditional character-based systems. Fortunately, the open systems revolution is creating a more competitive marketplace and computer price/performance ratios are soaring, making the additional computing resources readily available at reasonable prices. But the opportunities of the future will not be for everyone. They will exist only for those medical record practitioners who recognize that a shift away from purely functional evaluation is necessary. Those that make the shift successfully will not become computer technicians, but they will understand the few technical criteria that are truly essential in systems evaluation. They will, in short, apply the 80/20 principle successfully to make future system selections. Medical record professionals must take steps to upgrade their computer system knowledge in order to accommodate the needs of technical criteria evaluation. For the active practitioner this means taking the time to learn from the many sources available in print, educational programs, and knowledgeable persons. Students should seek out courses that will give them a balanced view of the computer sciences, without being overloaded with specifics. AMRA should look for ways to augment the computer sciences requirements in the student's curriculum. Development of study tracks that concentrate on combining standard curricula with computer science would both create a new breed of practitioner and expand the horizons of the profession. The medical record profession must actively work to keep pace with the ever-changing information management environment in order to maintain its position of healthcare information management leadership.
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Management of the health services increasingly requires a more analytical and planned approach. David Reed describes how a computer model can help managers develop the necessary skills.
Among those with a particular interest in hospital information systems are those who teach nursing students at the college level. To get their views, Southern Hospitals interviewed four Nurse Scholars involved with nursing and research projects for universities across the South. In 1989, Atlanta-based vendors HealthQuest and HBO & Company of Georgia established the Nurse Scholars Program in an effort to help academia stay abreast of technology. It provides nurse educators with comprehensive instruction in emerging technologies and uses of automated patient care systems. The scholars are encouraged to share their new knowledge with students, faculty, practitioners and administrators so that future nurse executives will better understand and communicate what they need and want from information systems.
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The purpose of this article is to share the vision of an academic health science center in creating a centralized academic and service Department of Health Informatics. To do this, we will present background on the institution, a brief discussion of informatics (including medical and health informatics), and then look in-depth at the Department of Health Informatics, including its mission, goals, organizational structure and operations.
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Today's HIM professional can be a positive and an integral component in providing nursing clinical education. Creativity is the key. HIM professionals can share expertise in the documentation and quality assessment process as well as in the transition to the computerized patient record. By providing HIM information through nursing clinical education, a collaborative partnership can emerge.
The Providence experience provides a model which encompasses both preparation for a computer-based patient record and a physician-oriented approach to achieving quality documentation for the physician component of the patient record. The study comparing Providence to a similar medical center demonstrated the value of the new system in achieving quality patient records. Many hospitals in the Seattle area, including Overlake, now use this system or variations of it.
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A new health center of Harvard Community Health Plan of Boston, MA, has been the test site for aspects of InterPractice Systems including the automated medical record, test and prescription ordering, results management, and home systems. Some of our staff had no prior computer experience, some had extensive experience. We have found the system to be valuable in accessing information quickly and efficiently. In addition, clinical, medication and test data can be manipulated and organized in new and powerful ways. Patient records are always legible and are accessible at multiple locations at the moment they are completed. Recording of information has not been a burden. Prescription ordering has been a success and ordering of laboratory and radiology tests is becoming more simplified. A pilot test of the home systems has been promising. The use of the system does not appear to interfere with the doctor-patient relationship. The system holds the potential of being used as a tool for clinical research and outcomes studies and as an aid in defining the efficient use of resources while continuously improving the quality of care our patients receive.